نشریه مطالعات رسانه ای
پیاپی 25 (تابستان 1393)

According to ever-increasing impact of media on the audience especially the press,it is necessary that we study the sense ofaudience and absorb them more .In this research we want to compare audience's satisfaction on Hamshahri and Iran newspaper and after that the media areable more absorb the audience and continue with more power and knowledge

The goal of the present research is to recognize the elements and factors of the film`s sound track, emphasizing on the factthat they can have extra functions other than representing mere reality. The intention of such functions – that we interpretthem as aesthetical functions of sound – is to convey various concepts other than existing realities to the audience.Suchapplication of sound can imply more profound meanings which have been formed in the filmmaker`smind. In fact the mainquestion of this research has been in finding the elements with such potentials.For achieving the letter, available information, documents, books and magazines plus Internet Sites & Links werecollected.Then, observational analysis of samples (films) having the above mentioned criteria, completed theresearch.Therefore, the methodology of the research formed in documentation and observation.Analysis of the findings and juxtaposing them, led us to interesting out comes. Hence, the resultant of this research can beedefined as follows:1. Aesthetical values of sound and image have elements which can interact both in relation to each other and individually.2.Disengaged from the idea that what are the aesthetical elements of images , we come to the point that by recognizing theeffective elements in sound aesthetic , one can determine such values .The outcome of this survey represents that by applying changes in the level of sound, its nature, perspective, texture, timbre,tone, echo and speed or playing sound in reverse mode, can directly obtain aesthetical functions.But there are other elements as well, that can indirectly cause aesthetical functions through the relation of audiences withsound. To name some of these elements we can mention the cultural status of audience, also place and time situation of themtowards the film, and finally recognition and perception of sound by the audience.If each of the above factors is used with creativity, it would have led to a depth in the content of the subject; otherwise itbrings simplicity and distancing a documentary from being conceptual.

Empowerment is a fundamental principal in managing of today organizations upon which the authority or power is delegatedto the subordinates. The researcher has done this research in order to prove the relation between empowerment and humanresource productivity in Islamic Azad University (East Tehran Branch).Statistical samples are subsisted of 340. The research method was descriptive-surveying from the data-collecting viewpoint.The main tool for gathering the data was questionnaire whose validity was examined by Cranach-Test, and also Delphi-Technique was used to make it reliable. SPSS software was used to analyze the data.Research findings showed that based on Spearman Test with the value of 0.25, there is a meaningful relation betweenempowerment and human resource productivity whose secured value was 95 percent. According to its positive value instatistic and 2-D table, a direct relation among these two variant is also observed. Consequently it shows that asempowerment is increased, human resource productivity is also surged.

The main purpose of this research was to study and compare the different type’s texts and paragraphing among majoring inpsychology and education. The sample group, who were selected through random sampling, was 300 students studying atstate universities in Tehran. The subjects were randomly assigned into experimental groups after random sampling. Theinstrumentation of the study included texts, text comprehension questionnaire. The collected data were analyzing applyingANOVA test. The statistical analysis indicated that text paragraphing would increase comprehension.

Organizational culture , which is a kind of planned collective thought in recent years as a dominant thinking in organizationsis discussed . The collective thought , distinguishing members of one species to another . Everyone has some kind of humangroups worked together , the organization is aware of the existence of this phenomenon . The study , " The relationshipbetween organizational culture and the implementation of new technologies related to the mining division of Iran's voice (radio ) " is carried out . Present study is a descriptive - correlational . Methods of collecting data, taking notes of libraryresources including books, articles and dissertations , as well as a questionnaire and the questionnaire used is " questionnaire" is . . Alpha reliability coefficient of the questionnaire ( 856 / 0 ) and the reliability was confirmed . Survey , principals andvice- voice radio networks and administrative units of the Islamic Republic is 191 and the number of its managers expertsand program makers 1,700 population in 1891 were the samples according to table farmers death of 317 people would be .study of descriptive and inferential statistics were used . then to evaluate each component of the test, the average thecommunity was used to study the correlation between the variables used in this study . To investigate the relationshipbetween the effects of the test and for the quality of regression. The results of the research questions are asfollows :- Components of organizational culture and the use of new communication technologies, there is a significant relationship .- Between the target and the use of new communication technologies are related.- The performance criteria and the use of new communication technologies are related.- Follow the procedures and use of new communication technologies are related.- Between the power source and the use of new communication technologies are related.- The manner of making and using new communication technologies , there is a relationship .- Motivation and using new communication technologies are related.- Between leadership style and the use of new communication technologies are related.- Members of the evaluation criteria and the use of new communication technologies are related.- Between the reference and the use of new communication technologies are related

Mechanisms and communication tools are important issues from the perspective of communication science because ofenabling the interaction, sharing and forming networks between actors in cyberspace. New communication technologieshave transformed the understanding of various aspects of human life, so that the understanding of variations on each of thesechanges requires a separate field of study. The present study has the comparative analyzing on the communication functionsof economic and social networks on Facebook and Cloob. Indeed, the main research hypothesis is that the functions ofcommunication mechanisms, economic, social networking sites Facebook and Cloob are different. Method of Research issurvey and a questionnaire fulfilling has been used.The population of the study covers all the members of the social networkFacebook and Cloob. Our findings show that the best features which social networking sites like Facebook and Cloobproviding for users, is totally different. In the case of use of members on the social networks, Facebook is so stronger thanCloob in all cases. Except for a chat option that 100 % of respondents have responded to these options, as well as friends anddating options and participation in group discussions, two networks have been in the same levels. Through reviewed thefunctions of social networks Facebook and Cloob, best functions of these two networks, are Communication functions thattheir average mean is respectively 2/4 and 9/3 and the weakest functions of two networks are economic functions that theiraverage mean is respectively 4/3 and 3/2 . According to the findings of study the economic, social, and communicationFunctions of networks Facebook and Cloob are independent of each other and are generalizable to the population.

In this research, the goal is to study adjustment trust of Kermani citizens in Channel 1 and BBC Farsi Satellite channel.Indices of trust and variables effective on that have been extracted from theories of news image making, stigmatizing, fourtheories of press, use and gratification, persuasion, Kent Asp and J.Westersthal. Indices trust have been tested with LikertSpectrum. Sincerity and clarity in news, impartiality against special groups and parties, adjustment of news content andsubjects with the audience’s need, comprehensibility of news for the audience and meeting more news needs of audience arethe trust indices. Statistical population of citizens with age of 18 above resided at 5 districts of Kerman City. Data werecollected in 2012 from 400 people with survey method and questionnaire technique in stratified and simple sampling method.Research results show that Kermani citizens averagely trust in news of Islamic Republic of Iran channel 1. Only 10.8% of thecitizens used BBC Farsi satellite Channel.

The variety of programs and the complexity of media can have a role in making viewers prefer one channel to the other one,but this preference is largely due to the amount of satisfaction on the part of the viewer towards a particular medium. To thisend, this study sought to explore the underlying factors motivating viewers to watch Persian-speaking satellite channels. Theparticipants were 458 viewers of satellite channels, chosen based on purposeful sampling technique from all the residents ofQaemshahr, a city in north of Iran. This study was a survey, which used a questionnaire, developed and validated by theresearcher, to gather data. Non-parametric techniques were also used to analyze the data in this study. The descriptivefindings illustrated that most of the viewers tended to watch satellite channels between 3 to 4 hours, on average, every night.The results also showed that viewers were more interested in such entertaining programs as movies, TV series, music, andgame shows. They were also eager to watch such amusing programs as sports events, scientific programs, news programs,news commentaries, and documentaries to satisfy their needs. The findings also revealed that gender was a determiningfactor in the choice of programs and affected the manner viewers used satellite channels. According to the results, menmostly used satellite channels more than women to keep updated about news and political reports; whereas, women tended towatch them more than men for their social needs.

“Internal vulnerability” and “ external threats and violence” are two main causes that play a critical role in political instabilityand development of regional and national insecurity. In the essential region of Middle East and Persian Gulf, series ofinternal factors potentially can threat to debilitate or destroy territorial patterns and governing institutions. And unfortunatelyexternal causes that were invited to the region by some countries tend to make a counterbalance of power, and also losing ofbalance in socio-cultural abilities in such an old and traditional zone, they play a dual role to instigate internal forces ofcountries to undergo a change based on two purposes of diplomatic association and back to the origin and even directintervention in some Middle East countries based on private motives.Following to this situation and development of internal demands for involving the process of making government like whatwe saw in recent changes, it bears extra pressure to some governments that the policy of negotiation with foreign balanceforces, weaken their internal legitimate bases and usually their political systems are disable to answer these internal demands.The main point of discussion is studying the meaningful relation between external variants (presence of foreign militaryforces in the region and Zionism régime) and internal factors( like making governments powerful, socio-cultural structure,organizations and state and national ability to associate with politics, condition of social wealth, …) and their effects oninternal instability and national security of local countries of Middle East.In this article we try to study the factors of diplomatic instability and insecurity of Arabic countries of the zone based on twodistinct levels at the same time their affects at a sociology point of view. First we proceed the external causes of instabilitythat actually make use of situation and internal condition of these countries and then refer to internal instability that underinfluence of external factors. Finally we aim to escape from harmful security patterns that turn around intervention ofexternal factors, and make a permanent political stability based on local structure in countries of the zone. And presentsolutions based on new factors of diplomatic and local powers with the purpose of encounter with pattern of power balance.

This study has been done to investigate the consequences study of new communication technologies on The LearningProcess. Nowadays, there are vast changes in communications world. All the organizations are facing with rapid changes inthe information and electronic communications age. Institution of education is one of the largest producers and consumers,and certainly the most important storage of information and knowledge. This organization is facing to rapid change.Therefore, for students schools are the most suitable places for developing understanding of the technology. Globaladvancement in communication technologies have caused to the vast expansion of learning opportunities and access to theeducational resources and training.The purpose of this study is to determine the role of new communication technologies (e-learning) in learning process. Themethod of research is survey method. This study includes 2 hypothesis and 6 questions. The research apply questionnaire fordata collection. The study population included male and female employees of education organization, which is include 30people.The result showed that new communication technologies (e-learning) improves the learning process and increases the qualityof learning. It increases also domination on learning.

The most common a variety of social media virtual social networking account. Nowadays, social interaction, people aredrawn to cyberspace and virtual communication for the bulk of the users of the space.Join with others or groups andcommunities are entitled to protection. Wellman Habra’s social support, network theory. Survey methods and tools arequestionnaires on 300 students of Islamic Azad University were selected through a multistage cluster sampling is done.Information obtained by using inferential statistical tests such as (linear regression, Pearson coefficients, etc.) are analyzed.The results acquired by combining components in the context of received supports from social cyber network among respondants indicate that 7 percent has been low , 45.7 percent has been medium and 47.3 percent has been a high rate. most of thereceived supports from cyber networks are emotional and informational and 32.7 percent of the respond ants have receivedlow , 91.7 percent have received medium and 5.7 percent have received high rate of support from families . Also , the mostreceived support from families has been classified into financial and advisory . the results of the research show that there is asignificant relation between demanded support from cyber networks and individual education variables (F =7.76), parentsliteracy (r = 0.111), responsive social base (r = 0.13), the intimacy among family members (r = -0.25), demanding supportfrom family (r = -0.24), but there is no relation among age and the occupation of the respond ant and rate and the type ofdemanded support from social cyber networks .

The aim of this paper is to inspect the effects of using the Internet (chat) on interpersonal interactions among internet users ofuniversity students. In this paper, the theories of some pioneer scientists on social interactions such as Giddens, Peter Blau,Homans, Weber, and Habermas have been used; besides, the conceptual framework is consisted of Masoud Chalbi's"Interaction Theory" which is based on Parsons' AGIL theory. We have tried to embed the concepts and variables altogetherin order to evaluate the causal mechanism of using the internet (chat) and its effects on the interpersonal interactions asdependent variables.This survey and the necessary information are gathered through a questionnaire. The statistical society, of which we havesampled 300 students, consists of the students of Azad Islamic University in Roudehen, Iran. The sample was selectedthrough Cochran formula . The data of this paper is analyzed through quantitative analysis methods including univariate,bivariate, and multivariate analysis, regression and path analysis. All data analysis was performed with the help of the 19thversion of SPSS

Advertising in political acts and effect from social fabric and takes place to influence action on selection and voting (as alegitimate form of political behavior). This paper will examine the impact of advertising practices on the behavior of votersand campaign methods in ninth house campagin to identify the system of tribal and non-tribal provinces like traditionalcommunication methods including oral, written, electronic and ... ,Which conducted this survey. The theoretical frameworkthat used in this study is based on the ideas of Parsons. On the survey all professors are from communication sciences, socialsciences and political science on Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch of Tehran and Ilam Branch.Our findings indicate that, unlike in Tehran province, individual advertising of Ilam as a way to cope with is commercial,personal or coalition. Also, according to research findings, the views and attitudes about the use of traditional academicsfrom the view of Tehran and Ilam professors attitude fiat election, having the effect of an ethnic volunteer base on theadvertising, the more powerful role of opinion leaders' elders and the impact of ethnicity attention to individual interests andtends to be quick impact programs in the tribal system, and a coalition of political campaign advertising methods, accordingto the demands and interests of individual and the lack of attention to personal promise to provide free long-term plans andideas in the non-tribal political affiliation campaign there were no significant differences