فصلنامه یافته
سال پنجم شماره 18 (پیاپی 13، پاییز 1382)

A large number of studies have proved a relationship between maligant mesothelioma and workers exposed to asbestos. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of immunocompetence of the asbestos workers in comparison with non asbestos workers.Methods and materials: In this study 7 asbestotic patients, 73 workers exposed to asbestos and 59 controls from 2 Farsit factories in Iran were examined. Some aspects of immunological response were evaluated in 7 patients, 16 asbestos workers and 23 controls. Delayed hypersensitivity by using PPD and candidin antigen in 57 asbestos workers and 29 controls were determined. Chest roentenogram showed no significant radiographic differences. Measurement of PHA response and counting T-cells and TG (T suppressor) cells indicated no significant difference in PHA response where as the number of T-cell in patients (34±14) and asbestos workers (34±16) was reduced in comparison with controls (59±21) and that of TG-cells in the former (15±6) and latter (19±8) was increased (9±3) compared with the controls(p>0.001). 61% of the asbestos workers had positive reaction to PPD and 65% of them had positive reaction to candida when compared with the controls (83% with PPD and 86% with candidin). Statistically the above results showed significant differences. Results show cell mediate immunodeficiency in asbestotic patients and asbestos workers, more than 11 years contact with asbestos. These defect is after long time contact with asbestos and before fibrosis sings with chest roentenogram.

Hypericum perforatum L was coded in medicinal plants research center of Shaheed Beheshti university and using decoction method was extracted. There are many reports concerning the antidepressant effects of Hypericum perforatum L. (HP), but there are few studies indicating its antinociceptive effects of Hypericum specially Hypericum perforatum L. In this experimental study 70 male Sprague- Dawely rats weighing 200-230g were used for all experiments. Both chronic (formalin test) and acute (tail flick test) pain models were used. In this study aqueous extract of HP extract was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) to evaluate its antinociceptive effect. Intraperitoneally (i.p.) administration of aqueous HP extract was assessed in three doses (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg). Antinociceptive effects compared with sodium salicylate (SS) as a positive control. The 50% letal dose (LD50) of the extract was about 6000 mg/kg. Results of the experiments show that administration of 300 mg/kg of SS i.p. had no effect on tail-flick latency, while all doses of HP extract increased it. In both phases of formalin test, all doses of HP extract alleviated the animal’s nociception, but SS 300 mg/kg produced antinociception only in the second phase of formalin test. It seems that HP extract effects on both acute and chronic pain. Its peripheral and central mechanisms of action remain to be elucidated.

There is an increasing concern regarding the emergence of highly antibiotic resistant bacteria and therefore interests for the development of new antibiotics are increasing worldwide. Plant extracts are popular for having the least side effects and being natural. We have investigated antibacterial activity of extracts from four Lorestan medicinal plants including Artemisia Persica Boiss, Rhus Coriaria, Ephedra Intermedia and Daphne Mucronata Royle. Fruit, bark or leaves were collected from the Zagros highlands around Khorramabad city, soaked in hexan for 48 hours then the solvent was separated and evaporated under reduced pressure in order to remove the plant waxes. Then the concentrated oils were shaken with ethanol and were froze at -10 degrees. After evaporation of ethanol, absolute extract was obtained. The extract was resuspended in sterile sailin containing %4 ethanol and used in the broth micro dilution assay technique to determine the Minimum Inhibitory (MIC) and Bactericidal concentration (MBC).The control was similarly contained saline with %4 ethanol. Antibacterial effects were examined on six standard (ATCC) gram negative and positive bacteria. Blank disks were impregnated with extract for disk diffusion assay on the Muller Hinton Agar plate. The experiments were carried out three times and mean of concentrations was calculated. Rhus Coriaria extracts show a strong antibacterial activity on the most bacteria examined. Suprisingly the MIC= 5µg/ml and MBC = 78µg/ml for bacillus cerus and MIC=MBC =30µg/ml for Enterococci were observed which are particularly interesting and significant. Antibacterial activities were also observed for other bacteria but the effect on gram positive was more evident. Daphne Mucronata and Artemisia Persica also showed some antibacterial activities on some of the examined bacteria including B. cerus and Staph aureous and E. coli. Ephedra Intermedia had very little effect on the examined bacteria at the tested concentration. Rhus Coriaria or Lorian sumac has strong antibacterial activities on gram positive bacteria particularly on the entrococci. Animal and clinical trial of this extract may be useful for possible use of Rhus Coriaria against antibiotic resistant Enterococci infections.

Evidences show that parental morphine addiction impairs CNS development, learning and memory in offsprings. Regarding the role of glutamate in dentate gyrus on learning and memory, in this study the effect of parental morphine addiction on extracellular glutamate concentration of dentate gyrus was assessed. In this study 20 female and 8 male rats were addicted by oral administration (32mg/kg twice daily) of morphine for 5 days. Then the animals were exposed to20 non addicted female, and 8 non addicted male rats In pubert offsprigs. Basal and electrical stimulated (700µA and 10Hz frequency) of extracellular glutamate concentration of dentate gyrus were collected by in vivo microdialysis technique and measured using flurometric HPLC. In male offsprings of sham control1, sham control2, test1 and test2 basal and electrical stimulated of extracellular glutamate concentration of dentate gyrus were: 0.67±0.04, 1.11±0.1, and in female offsprings were 0.47±0.06, 0.88±0.05 (n=5). The basal and stimulated extra cellular glutamate concentration of dentate gyrus was decreased in both test1 and test2 offsprings. It was less in test1 than test2 offsprings. The glutamate concentration of dentate gyrus in female offsprings of test1 group was less than that of the male offsprings. The results suggest that parental morphine addiction may cause learning deficiency through reduction of extracellular glutamate concentration in dentate gyrus so the side effects of parental morphine addiction in offsprings must be considered.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are among the major problems in post- menopausal women. One of the important reasons for CVD is atherosclerosis and it is supposed that estrogen prevent women from atherosclerosis. Soya contains, isoflavones suh as Genistein and Daidzen, that subelassed phytoestrogens. The present study was carried out to determine the effects of soya on hypercholesterlemic postmenopausal women’s lipid and lipoproteins levels in serum. This study is a clinical trial on 100 hypercholesterolemic postmenopausal women, undergoing to check in Khorramabab Assali hospital in 2002. We divided the patients into two groups randomly. The first group received capsule containing 500 mg soya, at the does, 2 gr/day, SID, and second group received placebo capsule, for 12 weeks. The research was a triple blind study. We took blood sample for laboratory measurement prior and, as well as 12 weeks after the treatment. Differences between two groups were analyzed using SPSS software. Results of the study showed that the mean of serum cholesterol, TG, HDL and LDL were not significant different between soya and placebo groups, before treatment and 12 weeks after the treatment (PV>0.05). These findings showed that soya has no significant effect on CHOL, TG, HDL and LDL levels in hyper cholesterolemic postmenopausal women. Regarding the above mentioned results soya can not be a good substitution for estrogen.

Measles is a contagious disease which is passed on easily from a person to the other. Today, although, the number of measles cases have been decreased dramatically, but it is still a common disease. The aim of this research is to study the patients with measles in Khorramabad city. This cross – sectional study was carried out on 124 patients who were admitted with diagnosis of measles in Khorramabad Shahid Madani hospital. The method of sampling was simple. The studied variables include age, sex and the season of admission. Data was collected by questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS software. From 124 patients who completed the study, 78(62.9%)were boys and 46(27.1%) were girls. 59(47.6%) were <9 months old,2(1.6%) were 9 months to 1.5 years old, 16(12.9%) were 1.5 – 6 years old and 47(37.9%) were 6-13 years old. The correlation between measles and age and also, measles and sex with p<0.05 was significant. Of patients who were hospitalized, 31 (25%)were in March to February, 2002 and 93(75%) were in March to July, 2003. In this study the most outbreak rate of measles was under the age of 9 months and after the age of 6 years, while according to the ministry of health and treatment program, inoculation of measles is done during 2 doses, the first one at the age of 9 months and the other at the age of 15 months. So changing vaccination time is recommended, provided the results of this study are confirmed in the other cities.

Considering the high incidence of preterm labor and its known complications, and that human myometrium contains receptors for human chronic gonadotropin (hCG) and that hCG can inhibit myometrial contractions on vitro, made me study treating effects of hCG on preterm labor. This clinical trial study was carried out to compare the effect of hCG, and magnesium sulfate (mgso4) on prevention of preterm labor. The study group included 101 women at weeks 22-35 of the gestation with intact membranes and cervical dilatation less than 4cm in preterm labor in referrals of obstetric – clinics in Khorramabad city during the years 2001-2003. The case and control groups were treated with hCG protocol of the dosage consisted of one single dose of hCG 5000 1v and 10000 units of hCG in 5oo dextrose as a drip of 20 drops per minute. Treatment continued until preterm labor arrested and then complications of mother and fetus were recorded. On condition of a successful cease of labor, the patients were discharged and followed uptill deliven time. Both groups were similar to each other regarding maternal age, gravity, and gestational age. Mean delay of labor was 22/68 days after administration of hCG and 24/27 days for (mgso4) that was not significant. The number of newborns that admitted in NICU were 9 (18%) for hCG and were 9(17/8%) for magso4. Mean weight at labor was 2334gr and 2287gr for hCG and mgso4. The complaint rate was 100% and 0% for magnesium sulfate and hCG groups respectively (P<0/0001). since both drugs are alike regarding their effect on birth time, weight and delay of labor and furthermore, hCG exhibits potent tocolysis without fetal side effects. So it is recommended hCG to be used instead of mgso4 to prevent preterm labor.

Hydatid cyst is among parasitic diseases common between man and domestic animals, as well as domestic and non domestic carnivorous animals. This disease causes organ damage and injuries in human, and sometimes leads to death. This study aims at assessment of secondary hydatid cyst growth in laboratory animals and determination of their sensitivity. The Present study was carried out to find the sensitivity of white mice and hamster for secondary Echinococcus using Echinococcus granulosus protoscoloces obtained from Iraninan sheep.36 male white mice (NMRI Strain), 27 male hamsters (albino variety) both were injected intraperitoneally with E.granulosus protoscoloces. White mice and hamsters each receivod 1000 and 10000 the protoscoloces rospectively. During 9 months, 4 mice and 3hamsters were killed each month and their liver, lung, Peritoneal cavity, kidney and spleen were examined for presence of hydatid cyst. Secondary hydatid cysts were found in mice after 3 months past inoculation and after 9 months all the mice became infected. By rising the period of infection, the number of positive infected mice and number of the cyst increased significantly in 2 mice (8 and 14 cysts found in peritoneal areas of them). Hydatid cyst did not develop in hamsters, all cysts were found sterile and infertile.

Series studies have shown that complications vary based on the kind of IUD, and the smaller the size of IUD is the less the complications, such as bleeding and pain, will be. The aim of this study was to determine and to compare complications including bleeding, pain and etc in CU-T 380 A and CU Safe 300 IUDs users, three months after insertion. The present research is a clinical trial study carried out on 243 women demanding for IUD referred to Khorramabad health and treatment centers. Data were gathered using questionnaire and interview. Results showed that severity and prevalence of pelvic pain and spontaneously remove of IUD were more in CU-T 380 A group than that of CU safe 300 group. Statistical test showed significant differences between these two groups, but no significant difference was observed from view point of bleeding. This study shows that new IUDs (CU Safe 300) which are smaller in size have less complications and are in much demand by women, so utilizing this new IUD in health and treatment centers is suggested.

Chronic prostatitis is an obtrusive, annoying and common disease that many people are suffering from it, and it is followed by complicated problems for the patient and the treating physician because of recrudescence of the disease. In this interventional study 20 patients with prostatitis, who had no satisfactory answer to the common pharmacotherapy, were selected randomly and were candidate for surgery, before operation the patients’ personal information and their disease symptoms were recorded in a special questionnaire, then patients were put in current of surgery procedures and its probable complications, and finally in case of written satisfaction of the patients, they undergo TUI surgery. After six months from operation and later follows- up, before and after operation the symptoms were compared. The criteria for studying evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis include: nocturia, polyuria, irritation of urine, caliber and unnormal flow of urine, drop by drop urination at the end of urination, pain during intercourse, return of ejaculation into bladder (probable complication of the surgery) and sexuality disorder. Gathered data was analyzed using Wilcoxon test. Results showed that patients treated with TUI returned to a good state of health significantly in comparison with their condition before the surgery. Evident symptoms of chronic prostatitis reduced (p>0.05) significantly too. The patients were quite satisfied, as well as need for pharmacotherapy decreased significantly. TUI is recommended as a suitable alternative treatment for patients with chronic prostatitis resistant to pharmacotherapy.