فصلنامه مهارت آموزی
پیاپی 24 (تابستان 1397)

Todays, job advertisement focuses on interpersonal skills, creativity, team working, problem solving as a main profession parts. In other words, the type of skills who employers are seeking for job focused on soft skills instead on hard skills. This study emphasizes on importance of soft skills for VET graduates. Consequently; soft skills includesproblem solving, interpersonal skills and team working being discovered, while its development methodology being assumed within seminars, periodic feed back, web based training courses.

This research designed to identify jobs with sustainable employment and incomes approach through skills needs of the labor market in the industrial, agricultural, service and culture fields in North Khorasan Province. The research methodology is applied –experimental approach. The target group are experts from directorate from the technical and vocational training centers, the industries, mine and commerce, agriculture, cooperatives, labor and social welfare, cultural heritage, handicrafts and tourism, faculty members, trainees of the technical and professional organization. Data collection was designed based on interview and two ways questionnaires.
The validity and reliability of the questionnaires were also investigated by experts and Cronbach's alpha coefficient respectively. We achieved a model includes 130 indicators to illustrates the requirements and employable jobs, which are categorized and prioritized by the target groups of educational programs.

The purpose of study is to measure the tests conducted in 9 VET centers within Ilam TVTO sub regional office, the research method is applied descriptive, data collection is refined based on 9 itmes in exams within different skills includs: embodied bags, carpet weaver, industrial electrician grade 2, building planner, mashroom breeder, TVET manager, diller, sawer, repairer of petrol power automobils, herbal medicins breeders. The population included 1700 participants in exams while 430 samples were selected through morgan table randomly. The result illustarte the highest non- responses in automobil repaier 47% and the least didn’t answer were embodied bag skills 6.12.
The main reason for whom didn’t answer are as follow:1.      The question was outside of educational standard.
2.  Trainers Lack of dominance in abilities
3.  Lack of teaching of some items
4.  Shortage of equipmets and facilities
5.  Absence of trinees at the end of training course

Today entrepreneurship is known to be the main driving force in economic development, innovation and job creation. Entrepreneurship cooperatives can be considered as one of the tools for expanding employment opportunities and raising farmers' incomes. The purpose of this study was to measure organizational entrepreneurship in agricultural cooperatives in Abhar and its influencing factors. This research is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population was surveyed by managers of active agricultural cooperatives in Abhar city and its surrounding villages (N = 210). 78 managers were selected by using Cochran's relationship as a research sample and were studied by stratified random sampling method. The research instrument was a questionnaire whose apparent and content validity was corrected and approved by a panel of faculty members of the Department of Agricultural Promotion and Education of Zanjan University. Reliability of the questionnaire was obtained using Cronbach's alpha coefficients between 0.73-0.83. The research findings indicated that organizational entrepreneurship with a total score of 3.35 and a standard deviation of 0.67 (in the 5-level Likert scale) was higher than the average. Also, the results of regression analysis by step-by-step method indicated that the variables of the problems such as providing bail for the relevant institutes for obtaining credits or loans, low academic qualification of the Board of Trustees and members, insufficient expert advice for economic justification and assessment of the activities explained 39% of organizational entrepreneurship changes in agricultural cooperatives. They made it

By developing the applications of intelligent information technology and systems, there is a possibility for learners to experience the process of learning and learning skills in virtual environment. Simulators; in virtual environments simulate normal and hazardous conditions such as accidents, rail accidents, and other disturbances in the rail network. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of the use of educational simulator on the quality of train path learner learning and to present some strategies for improving it in specialist training centers of the internal rail transport industry. In the further study, the status of the training simulator of the Metro Specialized Training Center has been evaluated in order to determine the usefulness of this tool in improving the quality. The research method was survey and the statistical population consisted of 254 teachers, trainers, managers and learners of the specialized training center for train driving in Tehran metro. The sample size was 131 using Cochran's formula. The research data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and a closed response. Data were analyzed by chi-square test. The results of this study showed that the use of educational simulator has a positive effect on improving the learning quality of learners.

In recent years, the concept of work-based learning has increasingly opened its way to vocational education policies. International organizations recognize and introduce the need for vocational education and attention to the formation of learning in the work process. The starting point for this advancement is that the countries enjoying dual-vocational education and training structures are more successful, especially in the transition from school to work and attracting young people to the labor market. In many vocational education systems, vocational schools and universities can play a coordinating role in the work-based learning structure along with performance. Now, the establishment of environments that combine work and education simultaneously is among educators and employer’s demands. Concentration on such environments including skill villages can lead to achieve effective results. This applied paper is based on the experiences of those involved in the field of skill training activities and also using the library study of vocational education in different countries, especially those in developed world.