نشریه کارافن
سال پانزدهم شماره 43 (بهار و تابستان 1397)

Considering the ever-increasing importance of skill training in the present era as well as interaction between skills and the acquisition of jobs, the Ministry of Science has put forward a new mission for universities by addressing this issue and training the new generation to focus on skill training. Henceforth, universities such as the Technical and Vocational University has accepted the responsibility of developing skills training. Thus, they set forth their long-term plan in accordance with the defined mission, and proceed with skills training development. This research investigates the importance of skills training and the way to achieve these training. Through literature review and field studies (i.e. giving a questionnaire to 130 of university professors and authorities in technical and vocational universities), the extent of the skill-centeredness of university education and the contribution of these training to employment were investigated. The resulted showed that by updating the syllabus to match the needs of the relevant industry; increasing the number of practical courses, undergraduate fields of study, and professors experience in skills training; attracting big names in industries; creating virtual mode of education, career-based education and business-related training; creating fields of study that are both up-to-date and industry-demanded, the vocational and technical university will fulfill its goal, which is training skill-based workforce.

The aim of this study is a ranking of risk factors in knowledge-based companies. Risk factors in knowledge-based companies have been extracted from the different and authentic papers and after verification by experts, related questionnaire is designed. Then, using questionnaire and multi-criteria decision-making techniques by combining methods, DEMATEL, Network Analysis Process and VIKOR in a fuzzy environment marked degrees of importance of these factors is ranked. The main research tool is a questionnaire which its validity and reliability of research by experts with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was proved (0.86). The population of these research managers, knowledge-based companies in the Science and Technology Park Tabriz by using a random sampling of more than 10 active projects selected in 1394. The highest risk of external factors and financial risks affecting knowledge-based companies were in business. Indeed, knowledge-based companies of the Science and Technology Parks should be how to deal with the risk of their working agenda.

Promoting rural economic enterprises and small businesses, in addition to create and strengthen entrepreneurship can accelerate rural development process as a pivotal strategy. Through extending these businesses and strengthening entrepreneurship among rural people a proper situation can be prepared to combine resources both inside and outside the village. It can also assist to improve the quality of rural life in different personal, family, and social aspects as well as provide necessary tools for sustainable economy and a safe environment for rural people. The purpose of this study was to identify employment obstacles and strategies in rural small businesses of Hamedan province. The population of this study consisted of all rural youth ranged between 15 and 34 years, a number of 384 samples were randomly selected by Morgan table of sampling. Factor analysis results showed that three factors executive-infrastructure, legal- policy making, and technical- personal can determine 67.60 percent of employment strategies in rural small businesses of Hamedan province. In other words, more easily, according to these three factors 67. 60 percent of factors affecting on employment into small rural businesses could be achieved.

This paper aims to examine the training quality of basic skills in Sanandaj’s vocational schools. As an appllied and quantitative research all 74 managers and trainers and 323 trainees were selected via classified sampling as the research samples. A standardized questionnaire with 32 items in a 5-point Likert scale was used to collect data. To analyze the findings, in addition to descriptive statistics, one sample T-test, paired T-test and confirmatory factor analysis were applied. The findings show that, despite the importance of training basic skills and competencies, the extent to which these skills are emphasized by technical and vocational schools' vocational training is not sufficient. Accordingly, the results of comparing the existing and desirable situation in training these skills show a significant gap between the current and the desired status in teaching basic skills in vocational and technical vocational schools. Also, the findings show that in vocational and technical vocational schools, responsibility training, teamwork and ability to adapt and flexibility are given priority over other dimensions.

In leading organizations, the alignment of human resource strategies with the overall strategy of the organization is always considered. The present study aims to study the structure and management of human resource strategy with the overall strategy of organization; five variables related to human resource strategies including: human resource manager involvement in strategy development, human resources information system , Commitment, leadership pattern and systematic approach to selection and human resource portfolio of Saipa automobile company were selected as a case study; a questionnaire-based research methodology was chosen consisting of comments from 96 experts of the organization and using the sampling method and the Cochran formula A quantitative evaluation has been made. In order to analyze the findings, Kolmogrov-Smirnov test, T-test and Friedman tests were used. According to the results of the t-test, the effectiveness of all five selected variables was confirmed by the overall strategy of the organization. Also, the results obtained from Friedman's ranking and its small amount indicate the highest rank of the role of human resource management participation in organizing the strategies of the organization and with a small amount of 111.4. The role of human resource managerial involvement in strategy formulation, the integration of leadership patterns in strategy integration, the existence of systemic viewpoints, the role of the human resources information system, and the commitment of the management team to integrate strategies, with a small amount of 976 / 3, 462/3, 087/3, 455/2, and 686/1 related to the Friedman test, were assigned the next rank.

In order to have a successful life in society, students must be able to think critically so that they can make the right decisions about themselves and their community. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of critical thinking instruction on the control of depressed mood and anxiety among students of child training students of female Technical and Vocational College in the city of Borujerd.
This study was carried out using a quasi-experimental pre-test and post-test with the experimental and control group and random assignment. The statistical population consisted of all 150 female students in female Technical and Vocational College of Borujerd. The sample consisted of 12 subjects in the experimental group and 12 in the control group. The samples were selected randomly. Pre-test and post-test data were collected by using the Asc scale. Critical thinking instruction was implemented by the “Thinking Learning” book on the experimental group for 8 weeks and 12 hours. For analysis of data, covariance analysis and Spss22 software were used.
Findings showed that critical thinking instruction was effective on depressed mood control (p <0.05). But it has not been effective in controlling anxiety and has not been able to reduce students' anxiety (p> 0.05).
Considering the effect of critical thinking instruction on controlling depression, it can be concluded that improving the process of critical thinking leads to decreasing and controlling depression and it is necessary to use appropriate methods of critical thinking instruction during the study.

In order to investigate and prioritize the factors affecting the failure of greenhouse business in the study, using a descriptive-analytic research method in the Zarabad district of the county of Konarak. The statistical population of this study was 130 people with greenhouse business in the Zarabad branch of Konarak county in 1396. In this research, based on the Morgan table, 95 people were selected by simple random sampling method. The questionnaire was used as a research tool for collecting data. Its validity was confirmed by agricultural experts and its reliability was confirmed by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient in the pre-test (0/853). For data analysis, as Friedman test were used. The results of the study showed that the financial factors affecting the failure of greenhouse businesses, the lack of capital with an average rating of 4.33 Among the infrastructural and technical factors, the absence of conversion industries of greenhouse businesses products with an average of 4.74 ranking has the greatest impact on the failure of greenhouse businesses As well as among socio-cultural and educational factors, lack of classes and training courses for workers to increase their skills by agriculture Jihad with an average of 3.75 And among the individual factors, lack of relevant experience and expertise with an average of 3.97 points, have the most impact on the failure of greenhouse businesses.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the output of selected students of Khuzestan technical and vocational colleges.
The statistical population of this study consists of 380 graduates of Khuzestan Technical and Vocational colleges that from these people and using a stratified sampling method that its classes are fields, 100 students are as statistical samples.
A questionnaire was used to collect data and information. After selecting the sample, the questionnaires distributed and after collecting data through the software Spss have been analyzed. Statistical methods are descriptive and inferential. In the descriptive section, frequency and percentage were calculated and Chi-square nonparametric tests were used to test the questions. In summary, the results of this research show that the employment status of men graduates of selected fields of the Khouzestan Technical and Vocational Schools is well-suited to comparison with other universities and fields. Also, the relationship between the field of study of the men graduates of selected fields is high and various methods have been used to finding job for graduates in the studied fields, which describes the practical training of education course was very effective in the job success for the graduates.