International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:4 Issue: 3, Jul-Sep 2018

BTEX refers to a volatile compound with single aromatic ring in petroleum including benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes. Due to its flammability, toxicity and carcinogenicity properties, BTEX has many adverse effects on human health. This study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) modified with an ultrasonic homogenizer (UH) to remove BTEX from aqueous solutions.

MWCNT was modified in different concentrations, times and intensities. Then, the best condition was selected. After modification based on the design of experiments (DOE), 16 experiments were arranged at 4 levels with 4 factors. Samples required for simulation were built according to the standard methods and then analyzed by gas chromatography mass.

The results revealed that the optimum conditions for modified carbon nanotubes were obtained at concentration of 30% sodium hypochlorite, time of 5 seconds, and intensity of 50 dB. The optimum conditions for initial BTEX concentration, MWCNT dose, contact time, and pH were 100 mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 20 min and 7 respectively.

The results indicated that carbon nanotubes modified with homogenizer are a simple and effective technique to remove BTEX from the environment.

The sub-trochanteric (ST) fracture is relatively common and does not have a single treatment. It can be repaired in a variety of ways each of which has different complications as well as different treatment costs. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is comparing the side effects and cost effectiveness of proximal femur locking compression plate (PFLCP) with intramedullary nailing in the treatment of sub-trochanteric fractures

This cross-sectional study was performed on 56 patients with ST fracture who were referred to Firoozgar hospital between January 2014 and December 2018. Two methods were used for treatment of fractures by physicians. The method of surgery for group A was the PFLCP while for group B it was the nailing. The postoperative complications and treatment costs were evaluated and recorded in a specific sheet for each patient.

In this study, of the 56 eligible patients examined, 49 (87.5%) of the participants were male. The mean age of the all patients was 42.7±16.2 years. The motion restriction in group A was significantly (P=0.041) milder than group B. So, the total cost of treatment in group A was significantly (P=0.045) lower than in group B. Also, the results of logistic regression model revealed that sex and age could significantly reduce the incidence of side effects with males [OR=0.851] and those younger than 30 years [OR=1.629] having fewer side effects.

Use of a PFLCP first causes fewer side effects and less motion restriction after operation. The cost of treatment is lower and it is more cost-effective.

Depression and anxiety are common problems in the elderly, which also causes disability and physical illness. The aim of this study is to investigate The Prevalence of Mental Disorders (Depression and Anxiety) and factors affecting them among the elderlies of Bastam city.

This study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. By referring to Bastam Health Center, 262 adults aged 60 and over were selected by simple random sampling method. Depression and anxiety in the elderly were measured using the Geriatric Depression Scale and Beck Anxiety Inventory, respectively. To analyze the data, descriptive statistics and inferential statistics including independent t-test, Pearson correlation test and Chi-square test were used.

In the present study, 25.6%, 11.1% and 8% of the elderly had mild, moderate and severe depression, respectively. There was no significant difference between depression scores in terms of gender, marital status and employment status (p value> 0.05); But there was a significant difference between the mean depression scores in terms of underlying disease (p value <0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean score of anxiety in terms of gender, marital status, occupational status and underlying disease (p value ≤0.05). There was a direct and significant relationship between age and mean score of depression and anxiety. Also, there was a significant negative correlation between the level of education of the elderly and depression and anxiety scores (p value ≤ 0.05).

Depression and anxiety are prevalent among elderly people in Bastam. Therefore, it is important to address mental health problems, especially depression and anxiety in the elderly, and to identify risk factors among the elderly.

Diabetes mellitus is the most prevalent metabolic disorder. Previous related studies have shown that, lungs are target organs in diabetic micro-angiopathy. The present study was designed to investigate the spirometric indices in patients with type 2 diabetes referred to the outpatient clinic of Imam Hussein hospital in Shahroud, Iran.

This comparative study included 50 patients with type 2 diabetes and 50 non-diabetic subjects who were matched in terms of weight, age, and sex, and were referred to the Diabetes clinic of Imam Hussein hospital in Shahroud, Iran. MIR SPIROLAB III spirometer was used for spirometric tests to obtain FEV1, FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75. Decrease in these indices is determinant of pulmonary complications. Indices were compared between two groups. The relationships between some variables like glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and type of their treatment with the severity of spirometric disturbances were also assessed.

The average age was equal to 56.3 years old (with SD of 6.3 years) and 58.3 years old (with SD of 6.3 years), respectively in non-diabetic and diabetic group. Comparison of the FEV1, FVC, PEFR, and FEF 25-75 indices between diabetic and non-diabetic groups showed a significant difference (P.V<0.05). No significant difference was found in the FEV1/FVC ratio. According to the Pearson correlation formula, there was a significant association between decreased spirometric indices and increased concentration of Hb A1C (-.630, -.635 and-.374 for FEV1, FVC, and PEFR, respectively). There was no association between decreased concentration of FEV1/FVC and increased HbA1c.

The findings of the study revealed that, there was a significant decrease in pulmonary functions in the diabetic group. Impaired pulmonary function can be detected in early stages of diabetes and studying the pulmonary function can be easily preformed. Accordingly, screening lungs function should be carried out regularly, as well as integrating in other routine examinations and screening tests.

Due to the thalassemia severe complications, prediction of mortality or patients survival has a great importance in early treatment phases. This study purpose was to predict the mortality rate of patients with thalassemia major and thalassemia intermedia, by the use of the binary logistic regression algorithm and genetic algorithm combination.

This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 909 thalassemia patients by using a questionnaire during 2004-2014. The data of all patients referring to Imam Reza Hospital from 2004 to 2014 have been considered. This study predictive variable is considered to be death or survival of the patient. In this research, we embedded the missing data by the use of the proposed data mining model and MICE algorithm. Totally, 100 patients were excluded from this research, due to the missing or out-of-range data. Death was considered as dependent variable. Also, a predictive model was designed in order to
predict the patient mortality using MATLAB language.

Mean age of the thalassemia patients was 25.7±9.04 years old and at the end of the study death was reported in 185 subjects. Additionally, there were also 26 independent variables. Moreover, the missing variables mean for each patient was 1.8±0.81. The combined predictive model was able to predict the patient survival rate with 94.35% accuracy. In this research, it was found out that 26 independent variables, which were collected from 12 variables were patient mortality predictors. Also, missing data imputation is an important method for increasing the data mining algorithms efficiency.

According to this study results, the use of missing algorithm with the data analysis aid yielded more accurate results, in comparison with the MICE algorithm. Furthermore, 12 parameters affected the patient mortality prediction, which were extracted by the genetic algorithm. Accuracy of the predictive model for the patient death detection was favorable. Consequently, it is recommended to use this model in order to predict the patient mortality.

This research purpose was to compare the HEXACO personality traits, forgiveness and resilience between the cancer patients and healthy people.

In this comparative study, the research samples included 100 cancer patients and 100 healthy people with the age of 30 to 55 years old during 2017 in Shahroud city. HEXACO Personality Inventory, Forgiveness Scale of Walker and Gorsuch (2002) and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) were used in order to collect data. Data were analyzed using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA).

The multivariate analysis of covariance results indicated that HEXACO personality traits had a lower mean score in two dimensions (conscientiousness and openness to experience)amongst people with cancer. It was also established that people with cancer had a higher mean score in the lasting resentment dimension. The results also demonstrated that there is a significant difference between the two groups resilience.

It is crucial to pay more attention to the psychological factors role like personality traits, forgiveness and resilience in the cancer formation and promotion.

Mucormycosis is an opportunistic infection produced by various fungi in the order Mucorales, which is most commonly seen in people with a defect, especially diabetics. Introduction of this infection can involve processes such as insulin injections and tooth extractions. Mucormycosis mortality is significantly high even with surgical treatment and management of diabetes. In this paper, a case of 28-year-old female with a history of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus referred to emergency ward 5 days after tooth extraction experiencing a progressive pain and swelling was reported. Patient's examinations showed left orifice edema, left 7th nerve paralysis, and ocular-paralysis of 3rd, 4th and 6th on the left side. The patient was deployed to a more equipped facility in Mashhad (Iran), and after several days she died.

fresh-cut vegetables are particularly susceptible to microbial growth and, therefore, the use of an effective sanitizer on this product is great importance.

The common vegetable types obtained from a local wholesale market in Isfahan and washed with different common disinfectants such as edible salt, sodium hypochlorite, electrolyzed water (EW), complex disinfectant, calcium hypochlorite, and dishwashing liquid. Disinfection time and concentration select according to the Official Protocol in Iran. A total of 126 samples including Mint, Savory, parsley, Garden cress, Common Purslane, Chives, Basil, Radish, and mixed vegetables were analyzed for total bacteria, total coliform bacteria, and E. coli.

Results demonstrated that calcium hypochlorite has the best efficiency for total coliforms in separate vegetable of parsley, Garden cress, Common Purslane, Chives, Radish, with100% efficacy. For total coliforms BGB (Brilliant Green Broth) test, complex disinfectant and calcium hypochlorite have 100% removal for all of the vegetables. E.coli test result showed in four vegetables not E.coli but for another vegetable except Dishwashing Liquid efficiency was 100%. Among all disinfectants, EW has a high efficiency for mixed vegetables. For Basil disinfected with edible salt and mint washing with complex disinfectant, Eimeria parasite and in savory disinfected with calcium hypochlorite Hook worm parasitic was found. Shelf-life was between 1 to 5 days.

Our research suggested that EW has a good effect for total coliforms, fecal coliforms, E.Coli, and helmet eggs removal, also save the vegetable shelf life.