نشریه نثر پژوهی ادب فارسی
سال بیست و دوم شماره 45 (بهار و تابستان 1398)

The manuscript of Latayef Ashrafi fi Bayan Tawayef Soofi by Haji Nezam al-Din Gharib Yamani is one of monastery texts in 8th and 9th centuries. This work contains status, traditions and keramate of Seyyed Ashraf al-Din Jahangir Semnani, the Iranian- origin indian mystic , and it carries 60 chapters entitled "Latifeh". The mentioned work is studied throu analytical-descriptive method and according to its outstanding features in three levels of linguistic, intellectual and literaty. According to the findings of this research, some characteristics such as phonetic variations in some words, the usage of words and phrases in Arabic, Indian and Turkish, the special usage of women's name, and the old form of progressive verbs and ... are among linguistic features of the work. From intellectual point of view, mysticism, philosophy, exotic sciences, different branches of religion and thought stand among chief subjects of this work. From literary perspective, the prose is mingled with poetry and replete with alliteration, pun, metaphor and simile among which alliteration and pun are more frequent. Key terms: Islamic mysicism, manuscript, india, Ashraf al-Din Semnani, Latayef Ashrafi fi Bayan Tawayef Soofi

Human societies, when they see prosperity and happiness that they feel responsible about the society of human beings and knowledge, and with the religious teachings, the knowledge and human nature to deal with the problems of the community. It is imperative that such people, with valuable methods, pave the way for life for their people and adopt a pattern for others and children. To solve problems easily and do not suffer from various injuries and know the way out. With such an insight into the lifetime of the Mongol tribal afflictions, Hamoei obliged him to think for the community and restore his dignity. In this paper, we try to investigate the method of preventing social harm caused by practical neglect of religious teachings, which leads to a loss of confidence in people. Thus, attitudes are divided into four categories: human being and God; man and prophet; human beings and mystics and humans; virtues and vices; and the purpose of the author, which is necessary for the happiness of each society, is explained by the fact that Such a way is one of the ways in which society can be guided by happiness, based on Islamic teachings, and brought back to the times of dignity.

In mystical literature, issues, opinions and various methods for lawyers find the right way to reach the highest levels of mysticism, part of which is derived from the teachings of Islam, the Quran and Sunnah, and part It has been expressed by its elders over time and with the formation of different sects and groups of mysticism and Islamic Sufism. Among these issues, the important issue ''Association'' among the mystics is that there are various ways of association and company, behavior with friends, meeting and rising, and how to associate with others in various mystical books. In the present study, after mentioning the Sufi rules briefly, the place of association in two books ''Ensan Al-kamel'' Nasafi and ''Mesbah Al-hedayah and Meftah Ai- kefayah'' Ezzoddin Kashani has been studied in descriptive-comparative manner. The writer of both works considered the Association as one of the Sufi customs. They have referred to one of the traditions of Sufism, all of which in their works refer to Quranic verses, traditions, narrations, and elders' statements. The writer of both works have association with the right to association with the people. There are also differences in some cases.

Azizeddin ibn Mohammad Nasafi (700 AH), student of SaadedDin Hamuyei, is a famous and great mystic in the seventh century, which has written many prose works in the field of Persian mystical Literature. He familiarized himself with the teachings of the mystical school of Ibn Arabi through Saadeddin Hamuyei and his Works. Nasafi identified all the key concepts of Ibn 'Arabi's theoretical mysticism, such as Vahdate Vojud, Ayane Sabeteh, Haghighate Mohammadieh, Feyze Aghdas, Feyze Moghaddas and Hazarate Khams, with the use of metaphors and Literal Language. He emphasized the concept of perfect man in this key word of Ibn 'Arabi, and used metaphors such as the Majune Akbar, Eksire Azam, Jame Jahannama, Aeeneyeh do giti and GrateTeriaq, Mesre Jame and Balade Azam for the perfect man. In this article, we are going to examine and analyze all the fundamental terms and symbols of Ibn Arabi's school in the works of Nasafi. This research has been done through content analysis And the key elements of Ibn Arabi's mysticism are adapted to the works of Nasafi.

Cultural semiotic is a concept which counts as an earlier matter for analyzing which always have been created by semioticians in order to choosing cultural elements. This science analyzes the mental and material methods which have created for better realize from own culture and other cultures, so they are not face to just single culture and mostly engaged with relations among the cultures, therefore, one of usage of this science is to analyzing texts that hosts one or several cultures. writing text of Nafsatolmasdoor book by Zeydari-ye Nasavi is such text that have written because of reporting chaos made by presence of Mongolian in Iran which counts as a multi-cultural text. So in this essay we try to analyze Nafsatolmasdoor’s text from Cultural semiotic point of view by descriptive and analyzing method. For this goal after definition of theorical concepts related to cultural semiotic and Tartu school pattern we try to positioning own and others culture’s place in mentioned book’s text and then how to representing language codes, quantity, act, religion, means and architecture in relation with own and others will be analyzing under this essay. The results of research suggest that majority rioted on system and this majority mostly related to codes with literature imaginary structure and much more tangible in this section.

This study aims at discussing Bayhaqi’s History and the execution presented in the book under Michel Foucault’s patterns in Discipline and Punish: the Birth of the Prison (1977). Therefore, the major aim of this paper is to pursue torture, torment, power, and punishment in Bayhaqi’s History based on what Foucault expounded in his analytical book. In his writing of »The Execution of Hasanak the Vizier, Peace be upon him«, Abu’l-Fadl Bayhaqi attempts to present a dramatic history and to reveal an execution rite in Ghaznavid Period of Iranian history. Text analyses under the modern theories which are the products of the new world and its complicated societies never carry contemporary reader to the old time, but bestows new and fresh outlooks to the text and increases the pleasures of reading. Bayhaqi’s History, written by Abu’l-Fadl Muhammad ibn Husayn Bayhaqi (died in 1077), is a living and documentary book which enjoys literary and historical merits, and consequently demands social and sociological reviews and evaluations.

One of the motifs of epic and mythological stories is the supernatural forces’ intervention made in the form of supernatural aids from God in support of a hero. In mythology, the inability of a hero is offset by supporting forces or supernatural forces. A mythical hero, praying and seeking help from God, fights a battle against an anti-hero, a demon, a dragon, and wins the victory over all his enemies with seeking help from God. The hero of the epic has a strong connection with the divine and supernatural forces, which often occurs in the form of association with the gods and predictions of his destiny. The predictions usually are made through seeing dreams, hearing the voice of an invisible speaker (soroush), the astronomers, spiritual leaders, fairies and Simurgh. And the association of the hero with God and his benefitting from the gods’ support sometimes directly takes place. Magical objects, ceremonial armaments and special armaments for killing dragons, such as the ox-headed mace and the armaments that are memorials from heroes' ancestors, including armlet gem, realistic and mythological animals, and supernatural beings such as fairies and demons and natural forces such as wind come to help the hero. Here in, referring to the narrative scroll of “Haft Lashkar” I have tried to examine analytically and descriptively the supernatural powers that are supporting and helping a hero.

Technical prose is more than the meaning in the thought of the arrangement of the word, and uses a lot of rhetorical delusions to decorate the word. One of these linguistic and rhetorical delicacies is the guarantee of poetry during prose. In this paper, the names of the poets that their poems are quote in Kalileh and Demneh, and the semantic and content links of the quote lyrics in Kalileh and Demneh with the text are investigated. Nasr al-Lah Monshi was not defeated by word and his priority was meaning in the selection of the quote verses. He has specially looked at content and language in the selection of verses. Educational and wise thoughts, social sciences, religious and mystical teachings, fanatical approach, and subjective and thoughtful ideas are the main subjects that have linked the text with quote poetry. The authors suggest that other prose books should be investigated from this approach in order to clarify some of the links between poetry and prose in Persian literature, and the methods and techniques and hidden and obvious tips of the quote poetry in Persian prose should be critically analyzed and criticized.

One of the recordings related to the debate and the scientific dialogue is the treatise on the discussion of Bahr al-'Alum with the Jews of Zhulkfel. The principle of the treatise is in Arabic, written and written by the disciples of the late Bahr al-ulum, and then translated into Persian by Ayatollah Mohammad Kazem Hajjarribi. Arabic and Persian Manuscripts This essay has been edited by Dr. Zabineh Schmidkeh (professor of German Islamology) and Mr. Reza Pourjavadi, and has been published in the Publishing of Heritage Letters. The text provided by the moderators - despite its many advantages - is accompanied by bugs and disadvantages. In the present letter, the text of the revised articles is carefully examined and correctional, editorial and editorial errors, along with the statement of evidence, have been reported analytically and critically. In reviewing the revised text, in addition to the handwriting used by the respected commentators, two other versions are also used to compare. The review and critique of this book, and the evaluation of the method of revision, is the present paper's mission.

Initial Vav is highly frequent in the course of simple prose and with a deviation from the standard language, it is considered to be a methodological phenomenon. What is the aesthetic role of placing this letter in the beginning of the sentences, in the simple prose? To find an appropriate answer and by adopting a descriptive-analytical method, based on structural stylistics, with a focus on semantics, the speculations of rhetoricians and syntacticians have been examined. And the simple prose texts have been analyzed inductively, based on the theory of figurative pole of language. The results show that the initial Vav in the simple prose, was not influenced by the Arabic language, nevertheless as an important tool in Farsi, it transformed the language from within. And while virtualizing the language through syntactic reciprocation. And with emotional, musical, brevity, textual coherence, the creation of syntactic balance, the imposition of secondary implications on the text, the word order, and the reinforcement of literary facilities. It truly transforms and enhances the simple prose