پژوهشنامه مددکاری اجتماعی
پیاپی 13 (پاییز 1396)

Abstract Social health means the appropriate and desirable role and function of the individual in the society and having appropriate social connections within the social networks in the society. On the other hand, cities, and especially metropolises, are faced with a multitude of social health problems and problems that all affect the individuals' physical and mental health. Due to the increasing importance of social health in the present study, this study aimed to investigate the important social determinants affecting social health. This study was conducted among 400 citizens living in District One of Tehran and was used theoretically to explain the subject from the theoretical point of view of Curie Keys and Shapiro. In the method section, the questionnaire survey and cluster sampling method were used to complete the questionnaire. The results showed that the four variables of social support, quality of life, social security and socioeconomic status all correlated with the dependent variable of social health and the independent variables listed were able to predict the social health variable. Accordingly, the highest predictor was related to the social support variable and then to life satisfaction, social security and socioeconomic status, respectively.

Empowering in social work is an intervention strategy for helping families that have risk factors in their mental health. This study evaluated the effect of an empowering model on improving the mental health of women with husbands who have chronic mental disease. In this experimental research study (pre-test, post-test and follow-up design with control group), 40 women whose husbands lived with chronic mental disease and were clients of Farshchian hospital in 2012 were selected and randomly assigned into experimental and control groups. The experimental group attended eight sessions of empowerment training and the control group received no intervention. The SCL-90 Questionnaire was used to gather information on the mental health of the participants. To examine significances, variance analyses (ANOVA) and Tukey tests were used. The findings indicated that the empowering modelhad a significant effect on the improvement of women’s mental health in the experimental group in comparison with the control group on the SCL-90-R Questionnaire (P=0/01) in both the posttest and follow-up. The empowering model for improving the mental health of women whose husbands had chronic mental disease was effective and could potentially improve the quality of life of both patients and their families.

In all developing societies, cases of gender gap and gender segregation are observed. The issue of employment, university education, social functions and other situations in which women have been neglected or regarded as the second most important are examples of these inequalities. Therefore, this research study was conducted to measure the attitudes of women in Tehran to gender gap in employment and the social and economic situation of the society. In this study, women in the age group of 30-40 years were selected and completed a researcher-made questionnaire. The data were analyzed by the SPSS software. Findings showed that there was a meaningful relationship between women's employment and attitude toward gender gap. There was a meaningful relationship between the socio-economic status of women and gender-based attitudes. There was a meaningful relationship between social inclusion of genders and attitude toward gender gap, and there was a significant relationship between gender stereotypes and attitudes toward gender gap among women.

Abstract This study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of spirituality education on the reduction of marital conflicts. After investing various issues and perspectives, two major hypotheses about the relationship between the variables in the study were discovered. The tool used for data collection was Sanaei’s standard questionnaire for marital conflicts. The statistical population consisted of all couples referring to Judicial Counseling Centers in Shahrood in 2016. Using a random sampling method, 30 couples were assigned to the experimental and control groups. The research design was a semi-experimental design with a pre-test, a post-test and a control group. At first, the pre-test was given to each group, then an experimental intervention (spiritual skills) was executed in 10 sessions. After completing the training program, a post-test was conducted. The couples were followed up after 45 days. The results of the assumptions were analyzed using the one-variable and multi-variable covariance analysis method. The data analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. In other words, the training of spirituality reduced conflict among the couples. Keywords: Spirituality Education, Marital Conflicts, Problem-Solving Approach, Spirituality.

In recent years, the necessity of professional ethics has attracted the attention of the authorities of organizations and institutions while aiming at improving the quality of services. Professional ethics is a fundamental part of social work practice in providing social services. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to develop a social work professional ethics questionnaire and standardize it. This study is of exploratory nature and its population is composed of all social workers employed in social service organizations of the Iranian capital of Tehran, meaning that the study pool is composed of about 868 people. A sample of 325 people was examined. The tool employed for collecting data for this study was a researcher-made professional ethics questionnaire whose factual validity was analyzed by university professors, content validity by the use of Cronbach's alpha, which was calculated 0.81, and its construct validity was investigated using exploratory factor analysis under the KMO test. The reliability of the information gathering tool was, also, examined through a re-examination method with a correlation coefficient of 0.85. According to the factor analysis performed, except for a few items that were eliminated, the validity of all items according to the KMO test were higher than 0/60. The eight dimensions considered for professional ethics according to the theoretical literature in this area were confirmed by the deletion of certain terms. These results indicate the validity and reliability of this questionnaire as a normative tool.

Abstract This study investigated the effects of spiritual intelligence training on the resilience of women in female-headed households in Yazd. The population consists of female heads of households who were supported by the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in 2016. Thirty women were randomly selected and then randomly divided into two equal groups, experimental and control. The data was collected using Connor & Davidson’s Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The experimental group received eight weekly sessions of spiritual intelligence training based on the package by Bowl (2004) and then both groups completed the post-test. Data analysis was done through an ANCOVA. The results indicated a significant increase in all components of resilience, namely personal strength, control and secure connections, at mean scores of subjects in the experimental groups on the post-test.

This study investigated the effects of spiritual intelligence training on the resilience of women in female-headed households in Yazd. The population consists of female heads of households who were supported by the Imam Khomeini Relief Foundation in 2016. Thirty women were randomly selected and then randomly divided into two equal groups, experimental and control. The data was collected using Connor & Davidson’s Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). The experimental group received eight weekly sessions of spiritual intelligence training based on the package by Bowl (2004) and then both groups completed the post-test. Data analysis was done through an ANCOVA. The results indicated a significant increase in all components of resilience, namely personal strength, control and secure connections, at mean scores of subjects in the experimental groups on the post-test.