پژوهشنامه اقتصاد و کسب و کار
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1392)

This research as provide a method to evaluate business agility in maunfacturing firms.using data envelopment analysis stage technique"was performed.the first,the theoretical foundations of research were studied.data sets,at this stage collected,provide the opportunity for researchers explain a concept model.then,using interviews with experts were identified indicators to measure the model variables.In the second stage,designed survey questionnaire.  The results showed agility capacities of organizations are less affected by environmental factors,and these factors most are affected enables agility.and environmental drives are affected organizational agility capacities through instruments enabling agility.and organizational capacities are affected for forming results agility. Finally,using final model and data envelopment analysis stage technique,organizational agility is evaluated.

Today,the most important goal of economic countries is achieving to economic Growth through productivity improving productivity improving can be achieved by optimum utilization of the production factors and it plays an important role in continuous economic growth and sustainable development.  Productivity of factors of production in agriculture sector is very important.Because in Iran,agriculture is the largest production sector after oil and services that has allocated around 20 present of Gross national product and main share of non oil export to it.Moreover,relation between agriculture former and hinder with other sectors will help output growth and employment,by increasing population and limiting resources,require optimum utilization of resources and increasing production factors productivity.In this study,data have been used as annually time series of data for the period of persian data 1350 till persian data1387.And variable of agriculture productivity is computed by using Kendrick index and then influence of agriculture productivity to economic Growth is estimated by model of ARDL and ECM that the test results indicate the signs of estimated coefficients for all variables match with visionary asters and the variable of capital,agriculture productivity,labor have positive and meaningful influence in economic Growth.And Granger causality test showed that there is a overhand relationship from agriculture productivity to economic growth.

Increasing attention to the entrepreneurship and highlighted the role of spin-off compainies in knowledge transfer and technology transfer have shown the increasing importance of spin-off companies.this paper has been explained the conceptual model of growth of academic spin-offs by case study:ACECR spin-offs.this study mixed qualitative and quantitative research methods.In qualitative part of this research by study documents and information resources and spin-off articles the first conceptual model has been created,then based on the sixteen in depth interview by academic experts,founder and manager of the ACECR spin-offs and analysis data,the influencing factors including individual and organizational and invironmental factors and their subcategories have been identified and accepted.In the quantitative part of study,with the questionnaire,correlation between dependent variables and independent variables,individual and organizational and environmental factors have been evaluated.The results with path analysis have been shown that organizational factors have a direct impact on growth of spin-offs and personal and environmental factors indirectly affect the growth of ACECR spin-off companies.Environmental factors effect on individual factors and have less impact on organizaional factors then,individual factors influence on organizational factors and organizational factors directly effect on the growh of ACECR spin-offs

Comparison between the Capital Asset Pricing model,Fama and Ferench three factors model and Artificial Neural Network model in predicting Tehran stock Exchange returns is discussed in this research.the first two models are linear and the following are nonlinear.Four hypotheses have been designed for this purpose.To examine these hypotheses,the expected return was calculated daily during 1383 to 1387 for 110 companies.companies in each quarter have divided to 6 portfolios by size and book to market value factors. Results showed that the performance of Fama &Ferench three factors model is better than Capital Asset pricing model.Also Univariable and Multyvariable Artificial Neural Network models have better performance in compare with their corresponding nonlinear models.

Human resource context is a new concept in Turkish.documents of this article are the results of an experimental study about determining factors of human resource context in 217 manufacturing industries of turkish.this study aims to make a new theory by evaluating detemining factors in human resource practices context such as recruitment and selection,training and staff development,pay and benefit,assistance of  performance,career development and experience of industrial relation issues and external environment primary,it focused on human resource practices and the use of the same experience allowed the evaluation of detemining factors is human resource activities.this event has helped us to know he relation among human resource activities of other organizations and internal factors.It also enables us to discover the determining internal,external factors and controlled variables by knowing the relation between 6 human resource activities.

The aim of this paper is to investigate the reasons of public reluctance to use of electronic bank cards on the customers of Mellat bank in Tabriz.for this purpose four hypotheses have formulated.the research population includes the all customers of Mellat bank in Tabriz city.the number of 385 people have selected.for sample using the sample calculation formula.A questionair has used for data gathering.the validity has confirmed by face validity and the reliability by Cronbank alpha coefficient.for data analysis Kolmogrov-smirnov and T-test was used.the results shows that lack of knowledge and skill for using electronic bank cards,lack of instruction the process of using these cards,lack of existence of electronic sale system on the majority of shops,institutions and offices,and lack if trust for E-banking among  customers are the major reasons of public reluctance to use of electronic bank cards among the customers of Mellat bank in Tabriz.

The speed of liquidity of the asset is an important factor of dicision makings ai the capital market.investors consider the amount of liquidity in choosing investment options besides their risk and retum.the impact of this attribute of the securities on the variables of capital market is the subject of many financial researches.the purpose of this research is surveying the influence of stock liquidity on the stock return corporations listed at the Tehran stock exchange.In this research Bid-Ask spread and share Turnover were considered as the criteria of liquidity and the size of the firm&the ratio of book value to market value and finance leverage were taken as the control variables.In this way,89 firm of the statistical population were selected as the research sampel from 2005-2009.This study is descriptive-comparative with applied goals and Research hypothesis were tested using combined regression method.The results of the research showed that,there is a positive relationship between Bid-Ask spread and share turnover as the criteria of liquidity with stock return corporations listed at the Tehran stock exchange.

As it seems inevitable for all countries to get involved in world economy.on one hand,expanded needs and necessities,and on the other hand specialized production have caused no country could pace in isolation.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effect of globalization on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products in Iran.In order to consider that,Cobb-Douglas and frontier production function with econometrics approach,Corrected ordinary Least Square(COLS),is used.The results reveal that the integration of intemational Trade(ITT) as the globalization has no effect on technical efficiency of pharmaceutical products.