مجله محیط زیست و توسعه فرابخشی
پیاپی 57 (پاییز 1395)

This study conducted to develop the framework for the establishment of a SIA system in Iran. Accordingly, cross-cultural survey method was employed to assess the standpoints regarding ontology, concepts, methodology, approaches, and experiences. Interviewed people was elected by the purposive method of critical case sampling. Perspectives of scientists (7 people), experts (6 people), politicians (6 people) and NGO members (5 people) were explored and analyzed about seven issues and key concepts including ontology, ontology, stockholders and actors, the orientation and the priorities, regulation and rules issues, the position of universities and research institutes, and implementation level of SIA. Results revealed that there is a positive perceptions toward the effectiveness of SIA in organizing of developments plans, however, there are a few conflicts and dilemma about relationship of SIA with EIA. Some perceived SIA as sub-EIA. It shows a lack of suitable capacity and suitable epistemologies assumptions among national stockholders of sustainable development. Based on findings, a plan consists of five steps was developed. It includes: capacity building, institutional development and equipment, planning, implementation, evaluation. Finally, highlighting capacity building in organizations and institutes which are affected and effected on development plans in different timelines were recommended.

This study is done in order to educational needs assessment of teachers in field schools of Ahvaz Environmental Protection. Study is descriptive-survey. Samples includes 108 teachers (54men and 54women) which were selected random and based on Morgan table. Tools Questionnaire of researcher was made in environment field which was made by shabina (2009). Analysis of data was done by SPSS software. Significant difference between variables was used t-test and analyse variance (ANOVA) and relationship between variables Pearson correlation. Results of study showed that environmental information of teachers was average and in biodiversity, energy and natural resources parts was weak, also there is not significant difference between environmental information and gender of teachers however difference between field of study and environmental information of teachers is significant. There is not relationship between educations with environmental education of them.

Environmental pollution and the role of chemical reactions in these pollutions caused the chemists to design chemical methods without pollution. In this regard, “Green Chemistry” defines the classification and principals in order to this aim. Green Chemistry that has been suggested by Paul Anastas, means invention, design, production and usage of synthesis productions and procedures in order to reduce or eliminate the use or product of toxic substances. Also Green Chemistry is caused to prevent or reduce the resource pollutions and has an important role in achieve the sustainable development of human society. Some principals of Green Chemistry are the use of renewable resources, reducing the number of process steps, increasing energy efficiency, design the materials and chemical products, increase the efficiency of chemical processes, and the use of raw materials with low-risk. Nowadays, the chemical-based technologies as a new and efficient approach have been attached. This paper tried to investigate and study of important growing methods of green solvents.

The ecological footprint is a tool that offers comprehensive comparison of demand and supply of natural resources, has stated objectives and strategies useful in preventing damage and material inequalities, and institutional decisions will lead to the correct duct. This is a descriptive study and sample of this research is Sari that related data to determine the parameters of the ecological footprint of water and energy (electricity and petrol and gas oil and natural gas) is obtained by referring to the authorities and quantitative analysis of 1393. In this study, we tried to be answered this question: Is Sari ecological environment, can meet the basic needs of the population in the provision of water and energy? The results show that the EF Sari 0.735 acres of water and energy has been, that the share electricity consumption by 0.53 largest and lowest share among other things, the use of natural gas in the 0.0053 hectares per person respectively. Since the biological capacity of Iran is 0.8 hectares, So ecological footprint is dedicated 0.735 hectares of Sari means 0.83 times greater than their share in the country's capacity to make life bearable, And with the current trend of consumption of water and energy resources needed to meet of Sari space more than 73 times its current size, and space is needed more than 0.8 of the area.

The environment watch assistance course (Mohit-Yar) was held with the aim of enhancing of environmental knowledge of primary students by the department of environment. The main purpose of this study was to the analysis of Mohit-Yar courses in the Ahvaz city. The present study is experimental and practical. All of the primary students were considered as the statistical population which a sample of 1325 students from 2 groups of trained and untrained (control group) was selected randomly. The present study has been done in two separate phase. The first phase was done with the purpose of determining overall educational situation and investigation of educational content. In the second phase investigated the environment knowledge of students with using researcher-made questionnaire on the basis of educational content. The second phase data were analyzed using SPSS (V20). The results showed that between environment knowledge means of the control group and trained group there is a significant difference. The result of chi-square test confirmed the relationship between environmental levels of knowledge and experimental groups, which indicating the high success of the training course on the enhancing of the environmental knowledge level of primary school students.