مجله رویکردهای نوین در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 3 (زمستان 1392)

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of social and intellectual capital with knowledge management in the Sport and Youth offices of West and East Azerbaijan provinces. The population consisted of employees in the Youth and Sport offices of West and East Azerbaijan provinces. All the subjects (N=n=120) were selected and the questionnaires were distributed and collected. In this study, there were three main variables Bontis standardized questionnaire (1998) was used to measure intellectual capital variables, Kamkar questionnaire (2012) was used to measure the social capital and Hemmati questionnaire (2010) was used to measure knowledge management. Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, one sample t test, Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Findings showed a significant relationship between intellectual and social capital and knowledge management (r=0.674, P=0.001). Multiple regression analysis showed that the two variables of social capital and intellectual capital explained a total of 43% of the knowledge management variance. In general, knowledge management can be used most efficiently in the organization through educating of effective communication, creating a competitive atmosphere to learn, promoting teamwork and group learning, establishing and enriching databases and improving the system of documentation to register trades and records.

The present study aimed at investigating the model of the structure of sports in Iran. The research method was descriptive-analytical and in terms of the purpose, it was an applied study. Data were collected by review of related literature, Delphi method and finally a researcher-made questionnaire. Using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, the reliability of the questionnaire was obtained as 0.91. The study population consisted of the managers in the Ministry of Sport and Youth, managers and experts of the National Olympic Committee, heads of federations, the managers of sport associations of School Sport Federation and the faculty members. The sample was equal to the population 302 questionnaires were sent to the sample and 238 questionnaires (79%) were returned. For data analysis, the descriptive statistics and tests of Friedman and Kruskal-Wallis test (H) were used. Results showed that sport for all, training sport, championship sport and professional sport were respectively the priorities of structure of sports in Iran. Also, in formulating the Fifth Five-Year Development Plan of Iran, none of the four parts of sport have been highly taken into account.

The aim of this study was to survey environmental and individual barriers to entrepreneurship in sport for women and providing suggested strategies. Research method was mixed and integration and data were collected by purposive sampling. Statistical population consisted of sport management professors and entrepreneurial women in sport. The questionnaire included 23 items in the form of Likert scale (5 points). The questionnaire reliability was obtained 0.846 by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient after the validity had been confirmed. Factor analysis (KMO=0.864, χ2=2138.987) was used to analyze the data. The most important individual barriers to entrepreneurship in sport for women were a lack of financial independence, a lack of experience, lower self-confidence in comparison with men to invest and the most important environmental barriers was a lack of accessibility to resources. Attention and increased social support are necessary to develop entrepreneurship for women as this development in sport develops sport for women and improves lifestyle and supports sport in the whole country. Therefore, with regard to the value added by entrepreneurship, this research supports entrepreneurship for women as the sequence is an improvement in quality of life, health and sport for women.

This study aimed at investigating the factors influencing the brand equity of Tehran Persepolis football club. The design of the study was descriptive with practical goals. The statistical population consisted of two groups: the first group consisted of sport experts and sport officials. The participants in the second group were the fans of the mentioned club. The sample consisted of 68 sport officials and experts and 196 fans of Persepolis football club. A researcher-made questionnaire with 59 items was used to collect the data. The validity of this questionnaire was confirmed by 10 sport management professors and the reliability was measured 0.95 by Cronbach alpha test. Descriptive statistics were used to describe respondents' demographic features. Friedman ranking test was also performed for inferential analysis. SPSS 18 was the software for data analysis. The results showed that from the viewpoints of the officials, experts, and fans of Persepolis football club, fans’ loyalty, team stars, team success, team management, stadium, club history, head coach, media, sponsors and logo respectively had the highest effect on brand equity of this club.

The aim of this study was to examine and compare the perspective of sport professionals and managers on the role of championship sport and sport on for all in social development indicators. This study used a descriptive approach and was conducted as a survey. The statistical population involved physical education professors, doctoral students of sport management in Tehran province and employees of sport federations (N=700). 203 subjects were selected as the sample by stratified random sampling method. A 38-item researcher-made questionnaire was developed its content validity was confirmed by 15 university professors and experts and its reliability was determined in a pilot study with 30 subjects using Cronbach's alpha (α>0.7). The results of construct validity described that all factors could be good predictors of the social development with regard to the factor load and T-value. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample and independent t tests and analysis of variance) were used. The results showed that the perspective of sport professionals and managers on the role of sport for all and championship sport in social development of all indicators was great (except for social justice). Therefore, proper planning should be implemented to employ sport for social development.

The aim of this study was content analysis of master dissertations and doctoral theses in the field of physical education in Payam Noor University (PNU) based on research methodology. The statistical population consisted of all dissertations and theses in the field of physical education in PNU from the beginning till the end of the summer of 2013 and all were selected as the statistical sample of the study (N=341). A coding sheet with an appropriate coefficient of agreement between coders (P-Scott 0.92) was used. The results showed that the majority of the research methods were descriptive (%76.2) based on strategy, survey (%44.3) based on performing and application (%100) based on goals. Also, simple random (30.5%) and the total number (%18.2) sampling method were used more than other methods. Questionnaires (%59.2) and tests (%31.7) were most used in physical education dissertations and theses in PNU. Status of these instruments was firstly standard (%63.3) and secondly researcher-made (%32.3). Face validity (19.4%) was used more than other validity types. In order to determinate reliability, Cronbach's alpha was used more. In addition, the Likert scale was used more than other measuring scales.

The aim of this study was to design the model of the relationship between multiple intelligence and organizational intelligence in Sport and Youth general office in Kohgloyah and Boyer-Ahmad province. The statistical population included 121 personnel of Sport and Youth general office in Kohgloyah and Boyer-Ahmad province and all of them were selected as the sample. The Gardner (1999) Questionnaire of Multiple Intelligence and Albrecht (2003) Questionnaire of Organizational Intelligence were used to achieve the objectives. The validity of the two questionnaires was confirmed by 15 experts and their reliability was calculated as 0.81 and 0.96 respectively in a pilot study with 30 subjects. Descriptive and inferential statistics including one sample t test, and structural equations with SPSS and AMOS software were used to analyze data. Results showed that multiple intelligence and organizational intelligence were desirable in this office. There was a significant relationship between multiple intelligence and organizational intelligence and all their subscales. Also, multiple intelligence had an effect on organizational intelligence with the path coefficient of 0.52 and their relationship model had a desirable goodness.

The aim of the current research was to design the structural model of the effect of spiritual leadership on psychological empowerment in faculty members of physical education and sports sciences faculties. Research method was descriptive-survey and field. The statistical population consisted of all faculty members of PE faculties (N=205) and the statistical sample equaled the statistical population. Two questionnaires of Spiritual Leadership (Fry, 2005) and Psychological Empowerment (Spritzers, 1995) were used to collect data. Their validity was investigated by specialists and experts and their reliability was calculated by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient respectively as α= 0.89 and α=0.91. Descriptive statistics were used to categorize the findings and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and Pearson correlation coefficient were used to survey the hypotheses. Also, SEM (Structural Equations Model) was used to propose the model for causal relationship with an emphasis on LISREL9.2. The results showed a significant relationship between the spiritual leadership and its dimensions including the organizational vision, faith to work, altruistic love, membership in organizations, organizational commitment and meaningful work and the empowerment of faculty members (P˂0.05). No significant relationship was found between the performance feedback and the empowerment (P>0.05). In general, there was a significant relationship between the spiritual leadership and the empowerment of faculty members (t=16.50).