مجله رویکردهای نوین در مدیریت ورزشی
پیاپی 42 (پاییز 1402)

The purpose of this study was to identify the barriers to optimal energy management in Tehran's arenas. This research was done in a qualitative method and a thematic analysis approach. Research participants included sports facilities managers and experts in sports facilities energy management. We Interviewed 15 subjects by a purposive sampling method. The results showed that the barriers to optimal energy management in Tehran's arenas include inadequate energy management, lack of economic management, lack of optimal energy management infrastructure, community neglect of optimal energy management, lack of new technologies that can be used in places. Sports is the lack of attention to climate design, lack of practical management of sports facilities, lack of attention to environmental pollution control, lack of attention to sustainable development and environmental protection in optimal energy management. According to the results, proper and principled planning and application of energy management principles in these places can play an important role in increasing productivity and efficiency.

The purpose of this study is to explain the effectiveness model of managing old sports venues in selected metropolises of the country with a data theory approach. In this regard, the theoretical foundations and research background in the field of institutional factors, structural factors, content factors and contextual factors with the approach of managing old sports venues were presented. The research method is qualitative and uses a data-based theory theory approach. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes experts in the field of sports management and managers and employees of veteran sports complexes in different metropolises of the country. The sample size was considered as 10 by theoretical saturation and snowball method. Qualitative data collection tools were semi-structured interviews and group discussions. Content analysis method and max-qda software were used to analyze the qualitative data. The results of qualitative analysis by Max-qda software showed that the components of the model of effectiveness of the management of old sports venues in selected metropolises of the country, 1- institutional factors, 2- structural factors, 3- content factors, 4- contextual factors and 5- management They are old sports venues. Also, 54 indicators for these components were finally approved by experts. This study provides appropriate strategies for the effectiveness of the management of old sports venues and by implementing it can increase the effectiveness of the management of old sports venues and increase its speed.

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors affecting corruption in the contracts of players and coaches of the Iranian Football Premier League. The present study was a qualitative research and exploratory research that used the method of field research and in terms of purpose is one of the applied researches. The statistical population of the study included experts and knowledgeable people in the field of football industry, experts and professors in the field of sports management and managers of the league and football federation and referee’s committee of Footbal Fedaration. Purposive sampling was performed. The research tool was in-depth and semi-structured interviews which at the end of 16th interview saturation was acquired. Findings showed that 126 primary identifiers were extracted with a total frequency of 282, which were classified into 16 concepts (axial identifiers) and 7 subcategories (selective identifiers). with respect to the frequency observed in the initial identifiers for all documents, the concept of legal weakness with a significance coefficient of 85, mafia with a significance coefficient of 51, incompetence with a significance coefficient of 38 and mismanagement with a significance coefficient of 33 and individual and social immorality with a coefficient Significance 26 had the highest significance coefficients among other concepts. According to the findings, it is suggested that in order to prevent administrative corruption and operational corruption, in relation to football contracts, the existing structures in football should be reviewed and reformed first. It it is also suggested in the macro policies  the privatization shpuld be seriously considered, because with the privatization of football, politicization will be removed and management reform and meritocracy will be created. Also, in addition to consider macro policies, it is suggested that the federation, clubs and other related organizations pay special attention to the behavioral education to prevent individual and social immorality.

In the recent period, it is believed that sports can help the formation of a healthy mind and mental growth of a person and have a significant effect of transforming national, cultural and gender frameworks.The aim of this study was to comparatively study the motivations of women to physical activity in Iran and selected Arab countries Based on individual, social and Islamic components. The present study was a descriptive comparative study that was performed by field method. The statistical population of the study included female athletes in Iran and Arab countries. A total of 184 people in Iran and 179 people from Arab countries (Iraq, UAE, Jordan) were selected through available sampling as a research sample. The research tool included a questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed and its reliability in a pilot study was 0.95 through Cronbach's alpha. The questionnaire was translated into Persian in Iran and translated into Arabic for the selected countries, and was provided to the participants electronically and through cyberspace. Finally, 363 questionnaires were collected. Manova multivariate analysis of variance using spss22 software was used to analyze the data. Findings showed that between Iranian women athletes and women athletes in selected Arab countries in the components of intrapersonal motivation (p = 0.009 and f = 6.978), interpersonal motivation (p = 0.050 and f = 3.875) There is a significant difference between social motives (p = 0.001 and f = 27.619) and Islamic motives (p = 0.001 and f = 11.339). And this difference is significant at the level of p <0.01 and p <0.05. In other words, in the component of intrapersonal motivations, the average of this component in Iranian female athletes (M = 59.77) was higher than female athletes in selected Arab countries (M = 55.53). In the interpersonal motivations component, the average of this component in Iranian female athletes (M = 26.87) was lower than female athletes in selected Arab countries (M = 28.62). In the component of social motivations, the average of this component in Iranian female athletes (M = 33.08) was lower than female athletes in selected Arab countries (M = 39.64). In the component of Islamic motives, the average of this component in Iranian female athletes (M = 21.55) was higher than female athletes in selected Arab countries (M = 19.04).

The aim of this study was to identify barriers to urban branding through sports The current research was applied in terms of purpose, in terms of descriptive-survey implementation method, in terms of the place of data collection, it was field-library. The statistical population of the study was the faculty members in the fields of sports management, urban marketing, geography and urban planning, sports managers, city managers (municipal and provincial), sports coaches, sports heroes and students. Sampling In this study, 10 people were considered for each variable, and finally 322 correct questionnaires were returned. The instrument used in this study was a researcher-made questionnaire. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 10 sports management experts; And then the reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity of the questionnaire were examined and confirmed. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis in the form of SPSS 24 and Smart PLS 3 software. The results showed that barriers to urban branding through sports included 7 dimensions: socio-cultural, economic, political, media, sports infrastructure, urban infrastructure, and management. Also, the T-value and significance level were more than 1/96 and less than 0/05, respectively, and the standardized factor load value for all questions of the questionnaire was more than 0/4. Also, the results of the binomial test showed that with %95 probability, The 7 identified components can be considered as barriers to urban branding through sports. Given the importance and high potential of urban branding through education in the promotion and development of cities, managers and policy makers can ensure the success of cities by adopting appropriate strategies to remove the obstacles identified in this study.

The aim of the current research was to validate the factors influencing the branding of Premier League soccer clubs based on customer evaluations. The current descriptive-correlational research is a survey research and one of the applied researches that was conducted in the field. The statistical population of the current research is the customers of the Premier League clubs, who are fans and spectators. SPSS Sample Power software was used to determine the sample size in the quantitative stage. Using this method, the sample size was estimated to be 370 people, and 370 questionnaires were distributed and collected among the statistical population. The questions of this section were obtained based on the pattern emerging from the qualitative phase of the research. The type of scoring for this questionnaire was based on a 5-point Likert scale. Also, the questionnaire consisted of 4 main components of the club's capabilities, facilitating factors, developing factors and managerial weaknesses. Further, in order to validate the desired pattern of the desired model, the structural equation modeling of the confirmatory factor analysis approach is used. AMOS software was used for this purpose. The results of the first and second order confirmatory factor analysis test showed 85 primary concepts, 17 main categories (club assets, suitable club results, differentiation from other clubs, stability of the club, communication with fans, cultural factors, popularity and The credibility of the club, the performance of public relations of the club, the executive strategies of the club, branding measures, income generation of the club, the proper performance of managers, legal and legal factors, the pressure of upstream organizations, taste decisions, team margins, functional weaknesses were above 0.4. which indicated that the identified factors have appropriate and standard validity.

Sport events would not be feasible without volunteers; therefore, the aim of this study was to Analysis and explanation of development model in volunteering management of the Iranian university sport events. With respect to the main aim of the study, the methodology was qualitative. The sample consisted of those who had the most relevant data from the subject of the study; therefore in this study were used of the purposive sampling documents and interviews that the researcher after 11 interviews with experts people and experienced in this field, reached to theoretical saturation. In accordance with qualitative researches, data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection. Also, for analyze the research data was used of the Wolcott (2008) theme analysis method. The results included the 152 sub-themes and 8 main themes were discovered from the initial codes, from which it was derived of the 120 basic themes and 7 institutor themes. As a result, the development model of the optimal management in Iranian university sport events volunteering is dependent on the basic strategies based on planning, recruitment, selection and screening, orientation and induction, performance appraisal, rewards and recognition, retention or replacement of the volunteer students.

Currently, luxury consumption and luxury values among sports consumers have increased incredibly in the last two decades, taking the sports space away from its original nature. The present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of luxury values in the preference in Consumers of Sporting Goods (shoes and clothes). The current research is of a qualitative type, which uses the grounded theory method and Strauss and Corbin's approach. Sampling was done theoretically and snowball. Data collection sources included scientific sources and 18 deep and semi-structured interviews (8 people included: university professors, sports management specialists, brand management and consumer behavior, and 10 athletes and club coaches). Data analysis was done in three stages of open, central and selective coding. Reliability criteria of qualitative research were used to check validity, and two coders' agreement method and researcher's coding in a specific time interval were used to check reliability. The results showed that the causal factors include personal commons, interpersonal factors and luxury value factors, contextual factors including economic, cultural and social conditions, intervening conditions including sports environment and demographic characteristics, virtual social networks, sports environment and mass media, strategies including consumption False orientation, change of sports priorities and extreme virtual tourism and the consequences including the consequences of sports culture, personal, social, and economic were determined in the coding paradigm.