نشریه دانش زیستی ایران
سال چهاردهم شماره 1 (بهار 1398)

FOXP3 is required for the generation and function of regulatory T (Treg) cells. The gene is involved in regulation of inflammatory responses and neuronal cell development. Migraine is an inflammatory disease and is considered as a polygenic multifactorial disease, and it seems that many genes are involved in this disease. The aim of the present study is to determine if any relation exists between foxp3 rs3761548 gene polymorphisms on the individual susceptibility of migraine.

In this study, 148 patients with clinically definite migraine and 149 ethnically-matched healthy controls participated. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP method for the mentioned polymorphisms in the FOXP3 gene. Logistic regression test were used for estimating odd ration and 95% CI by using SPSS ver.16 software.

No significant difference in distribution of foxp3 rs3761548 alleles and genotypes was found in females and males with a history of migraine in comparison to control (p=0.08).

This is the first report concerning the association between foxp3 gene polymorphisms and migraine. The further study of FOXP3 related pathways and gene networks might result in the better understanding of the pathophysiology of migraine and related symptoms.

Using probiotics such as Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) to produce valuable food is a universally accepted trend. Dairy products made from locally produced raw milk with different inherent characteristics make up an important part of the daily diet. This makes dairy a rich source of LAB screening. The aim of study was to isolate and identify probiotic lactic acid bacteria from traditional yogurt in Varamin province. 32 samples of traditional yogurt were collected from Varamin and lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified based on biochemical tests. The probiotic properties of the bacteria were determined based on acid tolerance test and bile salt stability test. After molecular identification by PCR and sequencing of some samples the isolated bacteria were identified at the genus and species level. Nine lactic acid bacteria were isolated and identified. Seven lactic acid bacterial isolates were isolated from bovine yogurt samples and 2 isolates from sheep yogurts. Morphological and biochemical properties and fermentation ability of sugars were investigated by isolated lactic acid bacteria. In acid tolerance test, 8 acid-resistant strains were reported and all 9 non-acid-resistant strains were resistant to bile salts. All 9 isolates contained 16srRNA gene. The results of sequencing three isolates showed the presence of one Lactobacillus casei and two Enterococcus faecium. Most of the lactic acid bacteria isolated in this study had probiotic properties.

Delphinieae tribe in Ranunculoideae subfamily has about 700 species. Delphinium is one of the genus in Delphinieae that has 29 species and two subgenus in Iran. Differences between subgenera are in the form of seed and vegetative period. Olighophyllon and Delphinium, which are perennial and annual species, respectively. In this study pollen grains of 27 species were examined by Scaning Electron Microscope. Pollen grains were grouped into spheroidal, prolate-spheroidal and subprolate-perprolate. In this genus surface ornaments of grain were seen as scabrate ،microperforate scabrate- and scabrate-reticulate. To investigate similarities among genus for palynology characteristics, cluster analysis was performed by SPSS. Also, PCA analysis was performed and the most variable characteristics were determined. The results showed that the first component included P / E ratio traits, polar axis length and colpi length size, and the second component included equatorial axis diameter and mesocolpium size traits, which played the most important role in the similarities and differences of taxons. Micro-morphological studies of Delphinium pollen in this study show that closely related species do not have very similar morphological characters. Pollen characters could not group the species studied. Pollen Phenogram in this study provides useful information to determine the status of D. elbursense, D. saniculifolium, D. aquilegifolium, and many other species.

In order to investigate the effect of sowing date on the physiological growth indices of maize, an experiment was performed in the form of randomized complete blocks with three replications in Varamin at 2015 year. The treatments included five sowing dates (9th of April, 21th of May, 18th of June, 30th of June and 15th of July) and the cultivar of Karoun (single cross 701) used. In each of the 5 to 7 day periods of each plot, 5 plants were randomly selected and the traits studied in connection with this study included: total dry weight, leaf area and leaf dry weight to draw the curve of physiological growth indices of maize plants during the growing season. The results showed that the effect of sowing date was significant on the maximum leaf dry weight, total dry weight, leaf area index (LAI), relative growth rate (RGR), crop growth rate (CGR), specific leaf area (SLA) and fresh yield. In the meantime, the fourth sowing date (30th of June) had the highest maximum leaf dry weight, total dry weight, leaf area index, CGR and fresh yield, and the second sowing date (21th of May) was superior to the rest of the sowing dates in terms of maximum RGR and SLA. The CGR was reduced in different sowing dates after reaching its maximum and eventually became negative. According to the results of this study, maize sowing in the first decade of July can be recommended for Varamin region.

Many valuable drugs have now lost their effect on Acinetobacter baumannii, and the drug resistance of A. baumannii is a major cause of failure in the treatment of hospital infections. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Thymus vulgaris essential oil and ZnO nanoparticles on multidrug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

This study was performed on 46 strains of A. baumannii isolated from clinical samples of patients at Tehran Heart Hospital. Antibiotic susceptibility of the isolates was determined by disk diffusion method according to CLSI 2018 standard. Micro-dilution broth test was then performed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for amikacin, ciprofloxacin , imipenem antibiotics, T. vulgaris essential oil and ZnO nanoparticles.

Based on the results of disk diffusion sensitivity tests, it was found that the highest resistance to imipenem and ciprofloxacin antibiotics were 97.82%. In the present study the most susceptible strains to the T. vulgaris essential oil were observed at concentration 0.5 µg/ml and the least sensitivity at concentrations 0.312 and 0.625 µg/ml. also based on the results obtained in this stady the highest susceptible strains to ZnO nanoparticles was at concentrations 4096 µg/ml and the lowest sensitivity at concentrations 256 µg/ml.

the results of this study indicate the potent inhibitory effect of T. vulgaris essential oil and ZnO nanoparticles on Acinetobacter baumannii

Essential oils have many antimicrobial and pharmacological effects, but they are very volatile. The capsulation of drug substances in polymer nanoparticles can improve the therapeutic effects of compounds that are generally volatile. Chitosan is considered as biodegradable biopolymer due to better capsulation, controlled release, and low toxicity in drug delivery. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Zataria multiflora essential oil capsulated to chitosan- caffeic acid nanogels in comparison to free essential oils. First, nanogel was synthesized by self-cumulative polymerization of chitosan and caffeic acid, and their shape and size were analyzed by spectrophotometric (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), then nanogel was Used for capsulation of Z. multiflora essential oil. Antimicrobial effect of capsulated and free essential oil was studied by disc diffusion and broth microdilution method. The results showed that the capsulated essential oil had a higher bactericidal effect on the bacteria than free essential oil.