فصلنامه مطالعات بین المللی پلیس
پیاپی 38 (تابستان 1398)

Maintaining dignity and high human values and emphasizing the right to a fair trial to ensure that the accused will not be punished illegally and unjustly will lead to the adoption of a rule prohibiting trial and retrial in international instruments, including the Convention on Civil Rights. It became political. According to Iran's accession to this Convention, according to Article 9 of the Civil Code, the provisions of the Convention are in accordance with the law and are binding. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the question of how this rule applies to jurisprudential sources, international criminal law and Iran?

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of writing style. The information was collected through a library study by referring to academic and Internet scientific sources.

The results of the research indicate that this rule is emphasized as the basic rights of the defendants in international criminal law; it is also accepted in jurisprudential sources and from the perspective of Islamic teachings. There have been ups and downs in Iran's legal system. So that this rule was forgotten after the revolution. Until with the compilation of the QMA (approved in 2013), it was accepted only in the realm of non-Shari'a punishments. While accepting this rule is in no way inconsistent with Iran's jurisprudential standards and domestic law, in many cases it can even be a strong legal backing for Iran's political actions.

The ideological ideology of Salafism has been at the forefront of Iran's political geography and, by expressing its deepest concern about these developments, has distanced itself from some of its origins and centers and made Iraq the mainstay of its activities.

This research is descriptive-correlational and is a survey method. The statistical population of this research is all staff of faculty members and political science elite of Tehran. The sample of this study is 125 people who were distributed by using the contingency sampling (available) questionnaire. Data were gathered. The data gathering tool in this article is a questionnaire (a researcher made questionnaire consisting of 36 questions). The validity of the questionnaire was used to assess the validity of the questionnaire. The validity of the questionnaire was used and the Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure its reliability. After data collection, data analysis was performed using SPSS software.

The results of the study showed that the effect of four geopolitical variables is increasing; differences between Shiite and Sunni, export of goods to Iraq, security of the western borders, disturbance in the affairs of pilgrims of Atabat) is significant. However, due to the fact that the significance level of the gap in political relations between Iran and Iraq (0.886) and more than 0.05, the influence of takfiri flows on this variable is not confirmed.

To understand the link between white-collar crime and national security, it is necessary to explore the concept of economic security after the corruption of their crimes, and to understand the impact of white-collar criminal behavior on national security or insecurity. Therefore, in this article, we seek to answer the question of how corruption and white-collar crimes affect economic security and, through it, the national security sphere.

This research has been done in a descriptive-analytical way using library resources. As a whole, all the books, articles and works of all thinkers who have commented on white-collar crimes have been studied. Texts were selected and analyzed that included topics related to research questions.

The sum of the theoretical studies conducted in this study shows that white-collar crimes first affect the economic security of societies and then threaten the national security sphere. Thus, these corruptions and crimes, after occurring in the form of discrimination and unjust justice, lead to the destruction of legitimacy, which is one of the important and key indicators of national security. As a result, national security is weakened.

The existence of different states with separate sovereignty and related domestic laws is one of the most important obstacles to a common sense of justice. When the perpetrator commits a crime, his first thought is to escape the crime, and many countries for him will be a refuge for them and easy transportation in the present day will easily allow them to dos so. This study examines the challenges facing law enforcement officials in interacting with Interpol police and prosecuting transnational crime and seeks to improve Interpol's interactions and cooperation with the judiciary and with a closer look at the General Directorate of the International Police Organization, taking into account the situation of our country and special geographic location of Iran and the facilitation of communication between our country and other neighbors, many of the criminals will be expelled from the country. Therefore, the extradition of these people to Iran is accompanied by obstacles that have been addressed in the present study and the findings indicate that carriage and delivery under surveillance, eavesdropping and electronic monitoring of conversations and communications and conduct of hidden research by influential agents were effective ways of detecting and prosecuting transnational crimes, but due to the lack of cooperation of some governments with regard to human resource allocation, technical infrastructure and fear of political interference, interpolation with Interpol police challenged have been faced with challenge . At the end, there are also solutions to improve the situation.

Cyberspace, such as the real space, has been used by perpetrators to commit crimes and they are exploiting other activists in this space. The widespread and transnational nature of this crime has resulted in the fight against cybercrime and the persecution of its victims. So far, no effective action has been taken by the countries. Given the prevalence of cybercrime attacks across the globe, the need for attention paid to the victims of cyber terrorism in international law and international law is seen. No specific regulation has been devised to support the victims of cyber terrorism in Iranian law. By imposing penalties on perpetrators of cybercrime, only custodial support for cybercriminals has been made, and other needs of the victim remain unpaid. Therefore, material compensation for cybercrime victimization is also subject to certain general rules, such as the Civil Liability Law, to compensate for material damage to cybercriminals. International documents, despite the special focus on terrorism in the form of binding resolutions and declarations on the criminalization of criminal criminal behavior, do not contain a specific document on cyber-terrorism, and in other documents related to terrorism, the criminality of cyber-terrorism and victim support has not been addressed.

Extensive human rights abuses, including political repression, intolerance of dealing with minorities, marginalization of any dissenting voice, are among the factors that lead to the spread of violence and terrorist acts. On the other hand, violent behavior, commonly called "terrorism," directly or indirectly violates human rights. In other words, since dealing with terrorist acts must be organized and continuous, and requires relatively strict measures (compared to other crimes), there is always the concern that governments (even government-based ones) On the rule of law and democracy, they must deviate from the path of moderation and rationality and, within the framework of the fight against terrorism, commit themselves to violate or limit human rights. Therefore, the main purpose of this article is to describe and explain the causal relationship between these two concepts and provide appropriate solutions to solve this global problem.

The research method in this research is analytical-descriptive. The data collection method is library-e-documentary and it uses documents and other first-hand sources, books and articles and internet resources.

Taking advantage of the human rights approach to investigating and analyzing international terrorism provides an opportunity for researchers and politicians to examine the issue fundamentally and instead of To reduce the problem and problem of terrorism to the level of an imaginary conspiracy on the part of the government or a group of states, or to attribute it to Islamic fundamentalists and internationa