فصلنامه پژوهش های سلامت محور
سال پنجم شماره 3 (پیاپی 18، پاییز 1398)

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common metabolic diseases and is more common in women. There are many psychological and physical components involved in the prevention of type 2 diabetes, such as self-compassion and health-promoting behaviors. The present study was done to compare self-compassion and health promoting behaviors between women with and without type 2 diabetes.

This descriptive- analytic study was carried out on 100 women with and 100 women without type 2 diabetes in Tehran/ Iran selected through convenience sampling in 2018. Data were collected using self-compassion and Walker’s health promoting questionnaires. Data analysis was done using t-test and through SPSS22 software package.

According to the results, both self-compassion and health promoting behaviors showed significant difference in women with and without type 2 diabetes. 

It is essential that diabetic patients follow behaviors such as healthy diet, regular exercise and body care to improve their physical health and to reduce depression and anxiety through self-compassion.

The Effect of Health System Reform Plan on Satisfaction of Family Physicians of South Khorasan Province
 
Shaarbafchizadeh Nasrin1, Shabankareh Khadijeh2, Khakdel Zahra3, Farabi Reza4,
Lashkari Reziyeh4, Ghasemi Mohammad3*

One of the important plans of the health system reform plan is the expansion of the family physician program. In fact, the most appropriate strategy for achieving health in rural areas, in a referral system framework, is to employ family physicians to take the responsibility of people's health. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of health reform plan on physicians' satisfaction.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 130 family physicians in 91 centers covered by the program in South Khorasan province in 2018. Subjects were selected through census sampling. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi-square and ANOVA tests and through SPSS version 22.

The overall satisfaction of family physicians was moderate. The highest rate of satisfaction was related to physicians’ performance and the lowest was with patient's behavior. There was a statistically significant relationship between general satisfaction of family physicians and satisfaction with organizational environment, satisfaction with salary and benefits and satisfaction with implementation of health system reform plan.

Since family physicians’ satisfaction can lead to improved productivity and health indicators, attention should be paid to factors that improve physicians’ satisfaction such as proper and timely payment of their salary.

Failure to treat febrile seizure in children leads to physical, psychological and social problems and if not treated timely, might lead to epilepsy which affects the quality of life of children. The purpose of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of two drugs on the quality of life of children under five with febrile convulsion.

This was a descriptive-analytical study that was done in an interventional manner. In this study, the quality of life of 40 children with febrile convulsion treated with topiramate and 51 children who had the same problem and treated with phenobarbital drug were compared. Data collection tool was EQ5D questionnaire. ANOVA and t-test were used for statistical analysis and data were entered into SPSS statistical software version 22.

Mean scores of quality of life in children taking phenobarbital and topiramate were 72.5 and 82.7, respectively. Topiramate had a significant effect on the mean score of quality of life in children with febrile convulsion and increased it. Parental education and early febrile convulsion had a significant relationship with patients' quality of life. 

Health policy makers, physicians, and other members of health care system must provide access to appropriate educational, medical, and therapeutic services for children with febrile seizure in order to improve their health status.

Productivity and performance improvement of human resource, as the most valuable asset and resource in the organization, have a greater impact on success and productivity of the organization than any other factors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the dimensions of human resource productivity based on ACHIEVE model among personnel of hospitals affiliated to Iran University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was performed on 358 clinical and nonclinical personnel in 15 teaching hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences in 2019, selected by stratified relative randomized sampling. To collect data, the standard ACHIEVE questionnaire was used. Data analysis was done using one-way ANOVA, T-test and Tukey post hoc and through SPSS version 22 software.

Mean score of human resource productivity was 2.8 which was in a moderate condition. The highest and lowest mean scores of productivity were respectively related to environment (3.38) and motivation (2.30) dimensions. There was a significant difference in productivity based on gender, occupational group and educational level.

It seems that creating performance-based management systems and fair rewards and benefits systems, as well as continuous performance appraisal sessions between employees and their supervisors could be effective in increasing motivation.

Human resource retention is important for organizations and it is essential to identify the factors that cause staff retention. Ethical leadership behavior via emphasis on norms could provide staff retention and internal rewards, through psychological and social interactions, cause staff retention in workplace. This study examined the role of human resource internal rewards and ethical leadership behavior on staff retention in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was performed on 169 Headquarters employees in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Data gathering tools included three questionnaires of ethical leadership behavior, human resource internal rewards, and staff retention. Data analysis was done used by structural equation approach and through Amos and SPSS software (version 20).

Ethical leadership behavior was effective in staff retention with path coefficient of 0.290.  Ethical leadership behavior affected human resource internal rewards with path coefficient of 0.356 and human resource internal rewards was effective in staff retention with path coefficient of 0.556. Therefore, the mediator role of human resource internal rewards in the effect of ethical leadership behavior on staff retention was confirmed. 

Due to the importance of employees retention in workplace, paying attention to ethical leadership behavior and internal rewards are highly recommended.

Equal distribution of human resources in health sectors was one of the main aspects of Alma-Ata Declaration (2000). Since physicians are among the skillful human resources in health sector, optimal allocation of medical specialties has been always a challenge for policy makers. Distribution of general medicine physicians and specialties is related to medical students’ preferences for speciality choice. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting preferences in choosing medical specialty.

This was a qualitative study based on the grounded theory. Through apllying snowball sampling, participants were selected from senior medical students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in the academic year 2016/2017and 28 interviews were conducted. Data analysis was done based on thematic analysis and applying MAXQDA18 software.

We extracted 4 main themes and 10 subthemes. Main themes included students’ perception of the medical specialties, students’ characteristics, medical specialties’ characteristics, and social conditions. 

In order to attract medical students to more needed medical specialities and optimal distribution of specialities, policy makers should consider both individual and social determinants of medical specialty choice.

The principal purpose behind the initiation of the urban family physician plan in the health care system is to provide equity, create a referral system and increase the responsiveness towards patients in line with their demands and expectations. The present study aimed to evaluate the expected and perceived quality of services provided by urban family physicians in the city of Shiraz from the viewpoints of patients.

This cross-sectional descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 2019. A number of 300 patients referred to urban family physician private clinics in Shiraz city were selected using classified two-step clustering method. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire. Mann-Whitney, Wilcoxon and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for data analysis through SPSS24 software package.

In all dimensions except for "continuity" and “access”, there was a significant difference between perceived and expected quality of service. The largest gap was related to “timing” and the least gaps were related to "continuity", "access" and” perceived effectiveness". 

The gap between patients’ perceived and expected quality of services requires managers’ more attention to the quality improvement programs to provide more patient satisfaction. This gap can be modified by proper management, monitoring, and training patients and health care providers.

 The fastest way to transport patients and the injured to hospital is to use air emergency services. Transporting patients by helicopter provides faster medical services to patients and reduces mortality and disability. This study was conducted to investigate the reasons for transporting patients by air ambulance to hospitals in Shiraz.

 The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional one conducted in 2018. The cases of 107 patients transported by air ambulance in 102 missions out of 219694 from Fars emergency to Shiraz hospitals were investigated using the census method.

 From among all patients transported by air ambulance, 68% were male and 53% lived in urban areas of Fars province. Moreover, 43% of patients were aged between 30 and 60 years old and 99% were taken to hospital. Of these, 50.5% were in the ward, 29% underwent intensive care, 9% underwent surgery, and 4.7% died in the hospital. Accidents and trauma were the most common causes of requests for helicopter transport.

 Continuous monitoring of the reasons for transporting patients by air ambulance is necessary to plan and make interventions, increase public awareness (especially among men) to self-health care and prevent incidents and diseases so as to reduce the number of critically ill patients.