مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 575 (هفته سوم تیر 1399)

Promoting self-management behaviors is one of the most important supportive measures for people with diabetes. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of home visit program on self-management behaviors and glycemic control indices in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin.

This clinical trial study was performed on 64 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (32 patients in each case and control groups) in Shahid Asghar Shabani Center, Isfahan, Iran, in 2018. For the two groups of case and control, the demographic and self-management questionnaires were completed immediately, and three months after the intervention. The intervention was performed as a 4-6 session of the home visit program for the intervention group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square, independent t, and paired t tests via SPSS software.

Before the intervention, the mean score of self-management behaviors and blood glucose control indices did not differ significantly between the two groups. However, the mean score of self-management behaviors became significant immediately and three months later, and the mean blood glucose control indices became significant three months after the implementation of the program in the intervention group. (P < 0.001).

The home visit improve the patients' self-management behaviors scales, and fasting blood sugar and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) tests.

The most common causes of mortality in patients with diabetes mellitus are cardiovascular disorders; and one of their reasons is inflammatory factors. Given that physical activity can reduce inflammation, the present study aimed to investigate the effects of two types of progressive resistance training (RT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on the expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) gene and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in male diabetic rats.

 In this experimental study, 72 male rats were divided into 6 groups of 12 diabetic rats, control, diabetic + intensity interval training (DIIT), HIIT, diabetic + resistance training (DRT), and RT. Progressive resistance training was performed in 6 week, 3 sessions per week, as climbing a vertical ladder with additional weights of 50%, 75%, 90%, and 100% the body weight of the animals. After successful completion, 30 grams were added to the weights, to the extent that the rats could not carry the ladder. HIIT were also performed at in 6 week, 3 sessions per week, with an intensity of 50% to 110% of the VO2</sub>max. 24 hours after the completion of the training, the hand grip and time to exhaustion functional test was taken, and the animals were autopsied 48 hours after the test. Finally, the expression of NF-κB gene was evaluated using real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) technique and ANOVA statistical test.

 The expression of NF-κB gene in HIIT group increased more than RT group (P = 0.0007), and serum TNF-α decreased significantly after both types of exercise in HIIT group (6/13) which was more obvious.

 6 weeks of HIIT and RT training can play an important role in significantly reducing inflammation, and adapting to strength and endurance.

Pregabalin is used as an adjunctive therapy in partial seizure, fibromyalgia, neuropathic pain, and generalized anxiety disorders. This study was designed to determine the effects of pregabalin on memory of rat using object recognition task (ORT) method.

 Male wistar rats were divided into 4 groups (n = 7), and were injected 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day of pregabalin or normal saline for 28 days. For evaluation of memory, animals underwent ORT during two 3-minute trials with an one-hour interval to explore similar and similar or different objects. For this reason, the discrimination (d2) and recognition (R) indices, as well as the frequency of new object exploration (f), were compared in the second period of exposure (T2). The P-values of less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.

 Administration of pregabalin with the dose of 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg/day for 28 days significantly reduced the d2 (P < 0.050, P < 0.010, and P < 0.001, respectively) and R (P < 0.010, P < 0.001, and P < 0.001, respectively) indices, and frequency of exploration (P < 0.050, P < 0.050, and P < 0.001, respectively) in the T2 trials compared to the control group. 100 mg/kg of pregabalin showed more decrease in these factors compared to the dose of 10 mg/kg (P < 0.050, P < 0.001, and P < 0.050, respectively).

 The findings of this study indicate that long-term administration of different doses of pregabalin disrupts cognitive memory to new object in rats. The memory decline follows a dose-dependent pattern.