مجله دانش و تندرستی در علوم پایه پزشکی
سال پانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1399)

Palmatine is a protoberbene of the alkaloids group with antioxidant activities in various animal models. Recent studies have shown that palmatine prevents gentamicin-induced apoptosis in kidney tissue with antioxidant effects.Brain ischemia-reperfusion can cause irreversible damage especially in the area of the hippocampus. The aimof thestudy was to evaluatethe effect of Palmatine on cognitive function, antioxidant activity and neuronal cell death following brain ischemia-reperfusion in male rats.

21male wistar rats were divided into three groups. 1-Sham group, 2-Ischemia group due to obstruction of both normal carotid arteries for 20 minutes,and3-Treatment group in which palmatine injection at a dose of 100 mg / kg was performed intraperitoneallyat the beginning of the reperfusion period and again after 24 and 48 hours.Spatial memory test was evaluated by Morris water maze.The brains were removed forantioxidant enzyme evaluation and Nissl staining to assess necrosis neuronal death within the hippocampal CA1 area.

The results showedthat the rate of learningin treatment group improved versus the ischemia group(P<0.05). Moreover, the attendanceof animals in the target circlein the probe test, in the treatment groups was significantly higher than the Ischemia groupwhich indicates an improvement in memory performance (P<0.05). Palmatine could significantly reduce necrosis cell death(P<0.05) in CA1 area of hippocampus.Also palmatine could significantly reduce MDA and increase SOD concentration (P<0.05).

The findings showed that treatment with Palmatine significantly ameliorated hippocampal injury and spatial learning andmemory impairments after brain ischemic. These protective effects of Palmatine appear to be mediated by many mechanisms such as necrosis and apoptosis cell death by suppression of free radicals formation.

ntroduction:Electrospinning method with the ability to make porous parts similar to bone matrix is a suitable method for making bone scaffolds. On the other hand, theuse of drugs in inducing osteogenesis along with tissue engineering scaffolds is very important as a new approach in repairing damaged bone.The aim of the study was to evaluate the MG63 cells behavior with electrospun nanocompositescaffolds of polycaprolactone and carbon quantum dot containing captopril for bone tissue engineering.

The microstructure of synthesized CQDs was evaluated by both transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microstructure and hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity ratio of scaffolds were assessed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and wettability test, respectively. The mechanical strength of the scaffolding was measured using a tensile test. The cell viability, attachment, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of scaffolds were assessed using MG-63 cell line in vitro. Based on our results, the scaffold containing CQDs and CP led to a significant increase in the cells’ proliferation and ALP activity.

The results of cell culture showed an increase in the growth of MG-63 cells on nanocomposite scaffolds containing 0.5% by weight of quantum dot carbon and 10% captopril compared to other scaffolds.In addition, a significant increase in alkaline phosphatase secretion on nanocomposite scaffolds containing 0.5% by weight of quantum dot carbon and 10% of captoprilwas quite evident.

Therefore, the PCL/CQDs/CP scaffold has a promising potential for bone tissue regeneration

Coronary heart disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. It is a complex multifactorial disorder influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. The aim of study was to determine the association of rs6929846 of BTN2A1 with the development of Coronary heart disease (CAD).

In the current case-control study, we genotyped rs6929846 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 150 CAD patients as well as in 150 healthy matched subjects by the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.

Genotype frequencies did not deviate from the Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium in the controls and cases (all P>0.05). There was no significant difference in allele and genotype frequency between the control and patient groups. (P>0.05)

This is the first study exploring an association between the BTN2A1 gene polymorphism and CAD risk in an Iranian population. Based on the results, no significant association was found between BTN2A1 gene polymorphism and CAD disease. Future studies with different populations and stronger power are required to confirm the findings of the study further

Selenoprotein (SelS) S is a member of the selenoprotein family whose studies have shown that it may be involved in glucose homeostasis and lipid metabolism and antioxidant effects. The aim of study was to determine the level of seleno protein S and oxidative stress in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients and to determine their correlation with blood glucose level and lipid parameters.

This case-control study was performed on patients referred to the diabetes clinic of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad. 10 ml of venous blood were taken from the study subjects and serum level of SelS was measured by ELISA kit. Serum levels of HbA1c, FBS,and lipid profile were evaluated by autoanalysis.

The results showed that the serum level of SelS in patients with type 2 diabetes was significantly lower than the control group (P=0.016). Also, serum levels of TAC and MDA decreased (P=0.000) and (P=0.000) in the patient group compared to the control group, respectively. It was also observed that there was a significant inverse correlation between serum SelS concentration and HbA1c level (r=0.279 and P=0.049, respectively).

Increased serum level of SelS in healthy subjects compared to diabetic patients and the presence of a significant relationship between diabetes biomarkers such as glycosylated hemoglobin may indicate the role and importance of SelS as a new strategy in prevention and improvement of macrovascular complications of diabetes.

Quercetin is a flavonoid compound in most plants that due to its pre-apoptotic and anticancer properties can increase the toxicity of drugs such as chemotherapy drugs. The study aimed tofabricateand characterizethe niosomal system containing quercetin to increase its therapeutic properties.

In this in vitro study, with thin-film hydration, niosomal carriers containing quercetin were prepared and after sonication and size reduction, filtration and free drug separation were performed. Subsequently, the amount of quercetin was loaded and the process of quercetin release from the niosomal nanosystem was investigated. The nanoparticles were also evaluated for size, zeta potential, particle morphology,and chemical interactions between the niosomal system and quercetin.

The encapsulation efficiency of quercetin in the niosomal carriers was 64.49±2.3%, the size and zeta potential of the nanocarrier before quercetin loading was153.8 nm and -9.5 mV respectively, and after quercetin loading was170 nm and -1.6 mV, respectively. The pattern of drug release indicates that overall quercetin release was slow and 95% of quercetin was released from the niosome within 72 hours. Electron microscopy images and FT-IR results also show that the niosomal system was formed and that no chemical interaction was observed between the niosomal system and quercetin.

The results of the present study show that nano-carriers containing quercetin have appropriate physicochemical properties. Therefore, this niosomal system can be a suitable carrier for quercetin delivery.

The mTOR and SREBP1 proteins are key proteins in the metabolism and adipose tissue regulation. Obesity and type 2 diabetes can disorder with the function of these two proteins. The purpose of the present study was to investigatethe effect of high-intensity interval training on the content of mTOR and SREBP1 proteins in subcutaneous fat tissue in obese type 2 diabetic male Sprague-Dawley rats with diabetes.

In this experimental study, 16 two-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats with a mean weight of 300±20 g were selected. After diabetic induction with STZ and Nicotinamide, rats were randomly assigned to two groups, diabetic training (8 heads) and diabetic control (8 heads). The training group trained HIIT for 4 days a week in accordance with the trainingprogram for 8 weeks, while the control group did not have any training program. The independent t-test was used to analyze the data.

There was a significant increase in the content of mTOR (P=0.001) and SREBP1 (P=0.001) proteins in the training group compared to control; The control group weight (P=0.001) and training group (P=0.009) significantly increased at the end of the eighth week compared to the first week; Also, blood glucose levels in the control group showed a significant increase in the 8th week compared to the first week (P=0.001). But in the training group at the end of the eighth week, it was lower than the first week (P=0.001).

Endurance training can adjust the weight, blood glucose and proteins content of mTOR and SREBP1; therefore, the HIIT exercise can be a good way to regulate metabolism and adipose tissue.

Breast cancer, as a heterogeneous disease, is the second most common cancer in the world and the most prevalent cancer among the women. Despite improvement in treatment methods, it has still high mortality rate and requires new treatment approaches. Nowadays, many researches have been focused on application of medicinal plants for cancer treatment. Therefore, according to antioxidant properties of Danae racemosa plant, in present study the cytotoxicity effects of the hydroalcoholic extract of Danae racemosa was assessed on breast cancer cell line.

Danae racemosa plant was collected, washed and dried. Then, the hydroalcoholic extract of Danae racemosa was extracted via maceration method in darkness. The 4T1 cell line of mouse breast cancer was cultured in RPMI1640 and then treated with seven concentration of extract (31.25–2000 μg/ml). Subsequently, the viability of the cancer cells was assessed using MTT test after 24, 48 and 72 h.

According to the results, the viability of the 4T1 cells was significantly reduced upon the increase in extract concentration and treatment duration (P<0.05). The maximum viability of the cells was 93.87%, referred to 24 h treatment with 31.25 μg/mlof extract and the minimum viability was 13.29%, referred to 72 h treatment with 2000 μg/mlof extract.

The results of present study indicate thecytotoxicity effects of Danae racemosa extract on 4T1 cells in concentration andtime dependent manner. Hence, Danae racemosa plant could be considered as a substitute or complementary treatment for breast cancer. However, its therapeutic application requires more studies