Iranian Journal of Comparative Education
Volume:3 Issue: 4, Autumn 2020

The present study aimed to validate the comparative model of teacher education systems. For this quantitative study, correlation method and path analysis test were used in line with research purposes. The statistical population was faculty members of Farhangian University, Iran. The cluster sampling method was used to determine the sample size, and 250 faculty members from all over the country were selected as the study sample. A researcher made questionnaire including 50 items designed based on the components of the comparative model of the teacher education system was used to collect the data. Moreover, the exploratory factor analysis test was used to investigate the reliability of the instrument, employing the Principal Components Analysis (PC). The results showed that 7 factors had been identified according to the eigenvalues. The results of the explained variance showed that these 7 factors predicted a total of 70% of the structural changes. Then, in order to test the theoretical model, the proposed conceptual model analyzed by path analysis, employing the maximum probability method. After testing the model with fit indices, it was shown that the tested model enjoyed a good fit with the conceptual model and the collected data. In the end, suggestions were made, including that researchers and those involved in teacher education systems all over the world can use this model as a conceptual framework in their comparative approach in order to benefit from successful methods of teacher education.

The commercialization of education in various countries of the world is on rise; however, many aspects of it are still unknown. One of the challenges is position of educational business in commercial law, especially in difficult economic situations such as downtime. The purpose of this paper is to analyze reconstruction of educational activities with an emphasis on commercial law in Iran and selected countries from a comparative perspective. Accordingly, the research method was comparative-analytical and method of data collection is documentary. Data analysis method is a descriptive-analytical approach according to Theisen, and Adams’ categories. The findings of study showed that educational business in Iran has several legal loopholes in terms of determining legal status in commercial law. The second finding reveals that there is disagreement between ministries and various organizations of Iran regarding business nature of educational activity. In this way, the various ministries disagree with each other in deciding on commercial issues - such as bankruptcy, stopping and rebuilding educational businesses - and follow different rules. In addition, the research findings show similarities and differences between Iran and France and the United States regarding to educational trade law. The common denominator of three countries is legislator's attention to continuation of business after bankruptcy with priority of main investor. The main difference is frequent referral of Iranian legislators to civil law to settle lawsuits between stakeholders. In view of these findings, it is proposed that an educational commercial law that is independent of commercial law and civil law be prepared and approved by legislators.

It seems that the current English textbook developers are not only interested in developing their audience's communicative competence but also willing to improve the learners' intercultural competence. This shift in instructional goals is in line with the emerging shift in the learners' need to use English as an international language rather than a second or a foreign language. It is noteworthy that there has been considerable research on the cultural content of high school textbooks in Iran; however, little attempt was done to adopt a comparative intercultural perspective to them. Having noticed the weighty contributions of the locally developed textbooks in Iran and India with regard to their expansive distribution and use among English learners, the researcher investigated Iranian high school textbooks (Prospect and Vision) and the official high school textbooks in India (Standard English) from a comparative perspective based on intercultural communicative competence emphasizing critical awareness, and discovery and interaction skills as its defining criteria. Through content analysis, the whole contents of the Iranian and Indian high school English textbooks, 12 volumes in all, were analyzed and the instances the intercultural communicative competence were quantatively recorded, classified and discussed. The results revealed that, Standard English, the textbook developed in outer circle in India, to little extent, included intercultural communicative competence, especially, critical cultural awareness. By contrast, the Iranian high school English textbooks totally were deprived of intercultural communicative competence components since there was not a plausible example of interculturally communicative tasks in Prospect and Vision.

Achieving peace is one of the constant human desires and one of the most important goals of religions. Contrary to this goal, many international conflicts in recent decades have had a religious aspect and have taken away peace from people around the world. In this situation, many theologians have tried to emphasize on commonalities of religions and focus their attention on a common understanding in matters such as peace and tranquility in religious sources. The present study also stems from the belief that the Abrahamic religions seek afterlife salvation and worldly peace for all humanity. The purpose of article is to explain role of religious education in the face of new millennium’s crises by emphasizing peace as a method of education in two religious books of Muslims and Christians, the Qur'an and the New Testament. The research method is historical comparative and documentary method is used to collect data. The method of data analysis is qualitative content analysis with a concise approach. The research findings show that the most important common component in theistic religions is that belief in God and religious legitimacy automatically leads to peace. Another finding is that different interpretations of the content of religious books can turn concept of peace into a tool to justify violence. The final finding is that content of Qur'an and the New Testament show that both heavenly books seek peace of man in both worlds.

The purpose of this study was a comparative investigation of organizational pathology patterns in order to provide a suitable strategy for Iranian organizations. In order to identify and classify the effective components in organizational pathological patterns and achieve a comprehensive model, we can use the analysis and comparison of existing models. The method of the present study was a qualitative comparative based on content analysis approach. The statistical population including all organizational pathology models and sample of research was selected through purposive sampling method. Data collection method documentary and data were evaluated through internal (content accuracy) and external evaluations (document accuracy). Qualitative content analysis method was also used to analyze the data. Findings reveal that in most of the existing models for organizational pathology, designers have considered dimensions such as structure, systems, goals and missions, strategies, management and leadership styles, communication and environment. In addition, the main difference among patterns is in the financial, marketing and customer orientation dimensions. Another finding of the research is that most models emphasize organizational aspects more than individual dimensions. According to the research findings, organizational decision-makers are advised to choose a model to determine and identify the pathology of their organization that has more in common with other existing models and is also more appropriate to prevalent conditions of Iranian educational organizations.

The aim of study is to identify different dimensions of national identity in education system policies of selected countries based on Herbert Mead's theory. The present study is a qualitative, non-experimental and comparative study using George Bereday's four-step approach. The unit of observation is at macro level (countries) and sample selection strategy is "different systems, different outcomes" including Canada, France, Iran and Japan. The data collection method is documentary (upstream documents of selected countries), books and articles. For data analysis, content analysis method was used. The findings of study reveal that in Japan's centralized education system and after the Meiji Revolution, emphasis was placed on fundamental Japanese philosophy and Confucian values. In France's centralized education system, the emphasis is on training based on republican values ​​(equality, democracy, individual and social rights and responsibilities), and in Canada - despite federal parliamentary democracy - there is no unified educational institution. In the centralized educational system of Iran, importance is given to Islamic philosophy and values. Although the past is emphasized in Iran, Japan, and France, Canada cares more about past achievements (such as the construction of railroads) than historical events.  The benefit of experiences of Canada, France and Japan- in terms of the dimensions of national identity- can pave the way for policies in Iran’s education system.

The word "child" indicates a new concept and one of the achievements of the new civilization, while the concept of the rights of the child is more recent. For this reason, ignoring the rights of the child has become a global challenge recently that has had its impact on art and literature. Iranian society is no exception and child rights have been approached from different angles. Since the power of literary forms such as poetry, short stories, and novels on educating people and increasing their awareness of children's rights is great, the purpose of this article is the comparative analysis of two works by Charles Dickens and Iranian writer Houshang Moradi Kermani from the perspective of children's rights. The research method is analytical-inferential and the statistical population includes all the works of the two selected authors. The research sample is limited to two books, "Oliver Twist" by Charles Dickens and Bachehaye Qalibafkhaneh [The Children of the Carpet Weaving House] by Houshang Moradi Kermani, which have been purposefully selected. The method of data collection is documentary and the method of data analysis is thematic content analysis. The research findings indicate the commonalities of the two novels in revealing children's living conditions as the main and central theme of the stories. Another common denominator of the two novels is the concern of both authors about children's rights and the identification and explanation of their problems. While Dickens's goal is to reform society in favor of child rights, Kermani has tried to awaken the conscience of the people - without creating tension - by using language of humor against exploitation of children.