نشریه بهداشت کار و ارتقای سلامت
سال چهارم شماره 3 (پیاپی 14، پاییز 1399)

Today, commercial complexes are among the most important shopping centers in cities that account for one of the most important urban development infrastructures. Evaluation and management of fire is essential to prevent accidents and disasters such as fires. Due to the increased population density and slow access to safe and secure outdoor space during the disaster, human casualties and financial losses have increased. The aim of this study was to make strategic decisions in fire risk management in Aftab Gorgan commercial complex using artificial intelligence model.

In this study,  all technical documentation, including technical-physical and urban properties as well as notification and extinguishing system of the commercial complex under study were investigated. Later, the important and influential components of the design were identified, paired, weighted, and compared using Delphi questionnaires. In the next stage,  the SWOT matrix was applied and quadratic strategies were designed and modeled after designing a hierarchical tree to model and prioritize the strategies.

According to the outputs of the performed modeling using Matlab and Neuro-Solution 5 software, we found that in weighting and ranking of the eight designed strategies, only one strategy was ranked (and has equal priority) in both models and other scenarios were different. Therefore, integrating strategies for fire risk management was considered essential.

The findings showed that the strategy of adopting the systematic and strategic-operational management approach of fire risk in Gorgan Aftab 3 Complex design were the most ideal possible strategies. This was due to the special attention paid to optimization of physical spaces and fire alarm systems as well as implementation of business classification and continuous excellence system of HSE-MS and crisis management.

Musculoskeletal disorders are one of the most common injuries among computer users, which probably affect the quality of life (QOL) and efficiency.

In this descriptive-analytical study, 150 Nordic questionnaires were distributed among computer users in Hamedan province and a total of 110 questionnaires were collected. Later, 60 participants (female: n=20 and male: n=40) were evaluated based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Musculoskeletal disorders and workplace ergonomic principles were considered as independent variables and quality of life dimensions were investigated as the dependent variables. Rapid Office Strain Assessment (ROSA) was applied to evaluate workplace ergonomic, Nordic questionnaire was administered to evaluated musculoskeletal disorders, and SF-36 was used to assess QOL. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22. Independent t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient were also run to analyze the data.

According to the findings, 3% of users were in the safe zone, 16% in the alert zone, and 78% in the danger zone. The findings also showed that the most common pain segments were neck pain (85%) and back pain (75%) in women, but neck pain (52%) and back pain (55%) in men. Additionally, the results showed that ergonomics of the workplace has a negative and significant relationship with the physical dimension of QOL (R=-0/26, P=0/042). Musculoskeletal disorders have a negative and significant relationship with the general health dimension (R=-0/29, P=0/022) and with the pain dimension of the QOL (R=0/29, P=0/022). Moreover, a negative and significant relationship was observed between QOL and BMI (R=-0/49, P=0/001).

Based on the results, workplace ergonomics has an effect on the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders and ultimately the QOL of computer users in non-office environments and computer services

To prevent accidents and minimize the risk of unexpected disasters in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries, an inspection of equipment in terms of mechanical integrity and safe and consistent service providing are of utmost importance. The purpose of this study is integrated risk and asset management by implementing risk-based inspection techniques in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries.

Firstly, this systematic review study identified a list of keywords based on RBI and then exclusively on the internal and external databases of Science Direct, Pub med, Google Squalor, SDI, Google Searcher, and Scopus without a time limit. Afterward, keywords, including risk management, probability of failure, asset integrated management, risk-based inspection, consequences of failure, and corrosion management, were searched.

A review of various studies showed that the risk-based inspection approach provided the necessary platform for upgrading and formulating new inspection, repair, maintenance, equipment risk management systems and asset integration in the oil, gas, and petrochemical industries and played a significant role in reducing the risk levels to its acceptable limits.

By analyzing the results of studies, it was found that using this method will lead to the effective implementation of risk management, reliability, and corrosion management in oil, gas, and petrochemical industries. In fact, the system intended to provide process safety, increase risk perception of damage in line with the respective risk management, and ensure the integrity of the assets in operational units.

Behavioral safety and behavioral psychology is used to promote safe behavior in industries based on employee participation, and its data collection tool is behavioral checklists that contain safe and unsafe employee behaviors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the behavioral safety of employees in international projects of the oil, gas, and petrochemical industry (Masjed Soleyman Petrochemical Company).

The research method is descriptive and analytical in terms of purpose. The statistical population of this study was 589 Iranian and Chinese employees working in ten different departments of Masjed Soleyman Petrochemical Company. The tool for collecting data in this study was the standard tarantula checklist that was confirmed by Cronbachchr('39')s alpha. Data were analyzed by SPSS software, version24.

The results of this study showed that there is a significant difference between Iranian and Chinese groups. The Friedman test also showed that Chinese group is better than Iranian group in behavioral safety.

The main results of this study are the positive and strong safety of the staff that will prevent many occupational accidents. In other words, a strong positive safety culture among employees will facilitate the organizational drive to achieve higher safety standards.

The achievements of happiness at work have been so significant and effective that it has convinced many organizations to mention the applications of happiness at work as a new and efficient approach to create a sustainable competitive advantage for organizations. It is essential to examine the factors that increase happiness. This research aims to identify and prioritize the factors affecting the happiness among the ceiling cranes staff of Isfahan Mobarakeh Steel Company.

This research is a descriptive-analytical study. The statistical sample of the study consisted of 120 randomly selected employees of Mobarakeh Steel ceiling cranes. To measure variables used, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, the NEO Personality, Waltonchr('39')s Quality of Work Life, General Health, and Demographic Questionnaires. Data analysis used the Pearson correlation coefficients, Spearman, One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), stepwise & moderated regression analysis.

The findings showed a significant positive relationship between employee happiness and extraversion and a significant negative relationship between employee happiness and neuroticism (p<0/05). Also, a significant relationship between the components of the quality of work-life and happiness was found (p<0/01). Components of GHQ showed a negative correlation with employee happiness (p<0/01). There was no significant relationship between demographic variables and happiness. Regression analysis showed that general health, the quality of working life, and some demographic variables had the highest share in predicting the staff’s happiness, respectively.

The results showed that the components of the quality of working life and general health have an essential role in predicting happiness.

Urban sanitation workers, including waste disposal workers and street cleaners, are exposed to a wide range of occupational hazards and accidents. No study regarding such accidents has been carried out so far in Kashan city. Therefore, the incidents that occurred for this group of workers at the Kashan municipality from 2015 to 2018 were examine in this study.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Demographic data and injury data were collected through periodic medical examination reports of workers who were injured in a work-related accident during the period of this study. Also, official accident forms completed by authorities were used for gathering information about the accidents. Descriptive and analytical statistics were utilized to analyze data.

Two out of 95 occupational accidents resulted in death. Garbage collection workers (69.5%) had the highest amount of accidents. Among those, individuals who were involved in accidents, those who had work experience of one year (45.26%), those who had primary school education (43.2%), those having two children (32.6%), and were in the age group of 30 to 39 years had the highest number of accidents. The most common cause and type of accidents were the sharp objects injuries into hands and feet (26.3%) and sprains/strains (50.5%). Most accidents injured limbs (hands and feet). There was a statistically significant correlation between the cause and effect of accidents (P = 0.001).

The results demonstrated that urban sanitation workers suffer from occupational injuries more commonly from bruises and sprains/strains that require medical interventions. The application of personal protective equipment (PPE) is widely accepted as an essential factor in preventing occupational injuries. Therefore, the application of this equipment is recommended.

Musculoskeletal disorders are multi factorial phenomena and they are developed  under the influence of several causes  . Dental jobs involve  risk factors that result in  musculoskeletal disorders, generally  they are divided in to four categories including morphological factors, genetic factors, social factors, psychological factors and biomechanical. In this study regarding  the specific bodily  position of the dentists during their work a survey  has been  carried out on the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in Ilam city dentists.

In this descriptive analytical study the positions of dentists  working in Ilam city health centres during their work with RULA have been assessed. Skeletal and muscular disorders prevalence rate has been determined by using(Nordic) standard questionnaire

In this study 18 dentist have participated with the mean age of  39/2 years and with the range of  (25 - 47) years of age , from this number  7/16% were  (3 women) and 83/3% were (15 men). The  12 months prevalence of disorders  in different regions of the body were particularly located in the waist  77/8% , both neck and back 66/7 % ,  and the knees 38/9% respectively. The findings obtained from RULA showed that 16/7٪ persons were at the priority correction action level 2 and  83/3٪ persons  were at the priority correction action level 3.

According to the achieved  results due to the pain in different body regions, the dentists  have missed many days of work and daily activities ,therefore designing sports and training programs can be helpful in the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders.

In recent decades, there have been profound changes in the nature of jobs that have had an impact on employees’ health. It is important to measure people’s perceptions and feelings about their health. This study aimed to evaluate the general health level of the accountant staff of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and some related factors.

This study is cross-sectional (descriptive-analytical). The statistical population consists of all accountants of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. 50 accountants and 50 non-accountants were chosen with census method as the sample size. Data collection method was performed using demographic characteristics questionnaire and GHQ-28 standard general health questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using descriptive-analytical statistics and SPSS ver. 19 software.

The results of the mental health assessment showed that entirely 53% of the total study participants had a disorder in at least one area of public health. Also, among different areas of public health, the most common disorder was depression, and the lowest prevalence was related to physical health.

Due to the relatively high prevalence of mental disorders (anxiety and depression) in accountants compared to non-accountants studied, it is suggested that the necessary planning provided in the field of individual skills and macro-ergonomics to increase their capabilities and psychological capacity.