نشریه صنعت و دانشگاه
سال یازدهم شماره 41 (پاییز و زمستان 1397)

The fields of engineering and technical possess the great importance in the knowledge-based economy due to the interaction they have with technology and scientific development. Over the last few decades, the main trend of engineering education in industrialized countries have been constantly changing, and they tend to be biased toward engineering science and engineering technology. The engineering technology is for immediate and direct industrial needs, and the engineering sciences is to formulate methods and standards in design through modeling and analysis, and the acquisition of basic abilities for entry into graduate education for the production of science and innovation. Considering that scientific development is mainly carried out by PhD students by carrying out developmental research in the field of engineering and technical, and the development of technology is realized by senior students and research centers in applied research; therefore, in this paper, the results of studies on the teaching of science and engineering are presented with a look at the experiences of the industrialized countries and the suggestions for improving the methods of engineering education especially mechanical engineering are presented too .

In the past two centuries, Iran has not only expanded its market in industrial confrontations with the West and the East, but has failed to maintain its market. The West and the East, at different times, began the offensive by sending cheap and varied goods to Iranian markets. The Iranian economic and political system was not able to institutionalize, fund and equip resources, establish efficient commercial and industrial policies, and in particular design efficient and appropriate institutional structures, to support and support innovation to generate competitive capacity in the industrial economy. It has therefore failed to organize adequate defenses and has been steadily retreating and becoming the surplus of industrial economies and supplying cheap petroleum raw materials to emerging economies. This historic trend, which began as the industrial revolution unfolded and the emergence of the global economy, led to a collapse in Iran's hand-made industrial economy, which was unable to produce competitively and machine-made. The level of systematic and efficient functioning of government institutions, property rights, the education system, and businesses are major contributors to development development. The purpose of this research, which is based on a library method based on analytical sources and historical documents and with a descriptive-analytical approach, is to investigate the performance of institutional elements in the leather, handbags, footwear and related industries in the 19th century. Iran to analyze. It has therefore failed to organize adequate defenses and has been relatively steadily retreating, becoming a surplus of industrial economies and a supplier of cheap petroleum raw materials to emerging economies. This historical trend, which began at the same time as the Industrial Revolution and the emergence of the world economy, caused Iran's hand-made industrial economy, which was unable to produce competitively and mechanically, to collapse. The systematic and efficient performance of government institutions, property rights, the education system and enterprises as major factors involved in the development context are important parts in this regard. The purpose of this research, which has been done by library method and relying on analytical sources and historical documents and with a descriptive-analytical approach, is that the performance of institutional elements in the leather, bag, shoe and related industries in the nineteenth century, In Iran, to analyze and study.

This article presents the experiences of more than two years of scientific advisory responsibility in China, relying on universities and their relationship with industry. First, the history and development process of higher education as well as the scientific achievements of universities are presented on the achievements of universities. China's scientific capabilities and publications, and to some extent comparisons with the world, are discussed. Some of the scientific centers that play an important role in building China today and tomorrow, including the Chinese Academy of Sciences, are briefly described, and finally, the joint scientific activities between industry and academia, namely patents and joint papers.

The purpose of this research, which is a descriptive research with qualitative approach. Identification of agricultural entrepreneurship barriers in university education in Isfahan province. The statistical population consists of knowledgeable entrepreneurs from different fields of agriculture, which is estimated at 40. And all members were examined. Required data were collected through a semi-structured exploratory interview. Using content analysis strategy, 26 items were extracted. The categories were presented to the statistical population in a questionnaire and their degree of importance was asked based on the Likert spectrum. Then, using exploratory factor analysis, SPSS software was used to identify the variables. The KMO value was 0,829 and the value of the Bartlett test was 3328.763 which was significant at 99%. The results of factor analysis showed that the total variance explained by the five factors extracted from the studied items was 69.221%. In this research, motivational and attitudinal barriers, structural barriers, educational barriers, economic and environmental obstacles and personality barriers were explained by 17.11%, 17.066%, 14.336%, 11.465% and 9.218% respectively Total variance was identified as the most important obstacles to agricultural entrepreneurship in university education. 

The commitment of business owners to the design of the business model in away that ,in addition to providing its own benefits, improves the commuintys well- being and environmental sustainability, is at the forefront of customers attentino. The purpose of this study was to redesign the business model with an emphasis an social and environmental considerations at scientific and educational organizations. The present research is a practical purpose and the research organization of this research is the largest educational nongovernmental educational institution in Iran, which is active in the field of teaching and publishing study books and conucting program tests and academic planning. For this purpose and as a research sample, 1300 of the customer groups including students, students and funded scholars, blind and disabled students as well as groups of school builders, university dormitories and libraries were Selected and reviewed. Given the proposed values, the business model was presented in the social and environmental responsibility layers, so that in the new business model, the three proposed values in the field of social responsibility include social justice (educational), special services for particular classes and promotion Commonly accepted values of the community and two proposed environmental values, including the promotion of environmental protection and the use of green technologies.

Science and technology parks, as an organization with the aim of increasing wealth in society, are managed by professionals to move the flow of knowledge and technology between universities, research and development institutes, private companies and the market. Through growth centers, these parks strengthen innovative organizations and facilitate reproductive processes, and act as an environment in which independent research units, affiliated with organizations and industries, are integrated and covered to support creativity and innovation. To pay. The ultimate mission of these parks is to reconcile the results of academic research with the needs of industry in order to fill the gap between industry and academia, and this will ultimately lead to the commercialization of knowledge. Therefore, due to these functions, the formation and development of many emerging technological phenomena occur from within these parks, and governments try to provide working conditions for small and medium-sized companies and attract international technology-based companies by creating a suitable environment. In Iran, in recent years, these parks have expanded significantly and in a situation where the country is facing unilateral sanctions, they have been able to play an effective role in the use of indigenous knowledge and technology. In this regard, the purpose of this article is to address the importance and main functions of science and technology parks in the world as well as in Iran. In the following, considering the role of Pardis Technology Park as the largest and most important technology park in the country in the development of knowledge-based economy and also its strategic position in the innovation ecosystem, has been studied.