International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:6 Issue: 4, Oct-Dec 2020

Tramadol is a drug used to control severe pain. Various side effects of this drug have been reported, one of the most important is seizures. The exact cause of tramadol-induced seizures is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of tramadol addiction on convulsion and related factors in 2018.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 216 patients with convulsion referred to Imam Hossain Hospital of Shahroud in 2018. After reviewing and stabilizing vital signs, a questionnaire containing demographic information, medical history, medication use (especially tramadol), and drugs was completed by patients. The association between recurrent convulsion and predictors were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. Data were analyzed and compared using SPSS statistical software, version 16 and related statistical tests. The significant level was set at 0.05.

In this study from 216 participants, 154 (71.3%) of them were male and the rest were female. The mean age of the all patients was 44.8±18.2 years (17-72 years) that was no significant difference between the two groups. Recurrent convulsion was significantly associated with history of opium use (Pvalue<0.032) and tramadol using (Pvalue<0.001) and there was no significant relationship with other variables. Tramadol using cans double your chances of having a recurrent convulsion [OR=2 (95% CI: 1.752 – 2.689)].

The results of this study showed that taking tramadol in opium users can increase the incidence of recurrent convulsion, but more research is needed to fully confirm this.
Key words: Tramadol, Convulsion, Side effects

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 6-week interval and Continuous training with Zizphus Vulgaris Extract supplementation on the hippocampus’s BDNF male Wistar rats.

Among 36 male rats (250-350 gr), randomly after adjusting the body weight, 6 rats were separated as the control group. 30 rats were divided into 5 groups: Continuous group (n=6), Interval group (n=6), Continuous with Zizphus Vulgaris Extract group (n=6), Interval with Zizphus Vulgaris Extract group (n=6) and Zizphus Vulgaris Extract group (n=6). The training groups completed 8 weeks of the training program, 5 days/week according to protocol. The Endurance Continuous protocol includes running exercise on a treadmill for, 10 m/min, 10 min/day to up 16 m/min, 40 min/ day. Endurance Interval protocol includes running exercise on a treadmill for, 5*4 min, with intensity 10 m/min to up 23 m/min, 52 min/ day. The Zizphus Vulgaris Extract group, every 6 weeks, each rat consumed 400 mg/kg.day and 1.5 mL. At the end of the intervention, the animals were euthanized and the hippocampus’s BDNF was measured. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA tests (Pvalue<0.05).

Interval with the Zizphus Vulgaris Extract group had significantly increased hippocampus’s BDNF compared to control and Zizphus Vulgaris Extract groups ( respectively p= 0.01, p= 0.02). Other comparisons were not significant.

Interval with Zizphus Vulgaris Extract induce more effective favorable changes in the hippocampus’s BDNF in male rats. Likely, that be the best Strategy to prevent negative effects on the hippocampus’s BDNF decrease.

Diabetes is one of the chronic diseases that need continual medical care and self-care education, as well as nutritional therapy as an integral part of dietary management. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of bulk bread formulated with portulaca oleracea on quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted on 104 patients with type 2 diabetes. Participants received bulk bread containing 10% portulaca powder for 8 weeks (intervention group); the control group used their normal daily bread. The quality of life score was estimated in both groups by the use of the Short-form 36-Item (SF-36) questionnaire before the intervention, and 8 weeks after dietary intervention, the quality of life score between both groups was compared. The significant level was set at 0.05.

The difference in the mean score of quality of life of the studied units in different dimensions of physical function, role limitation due to physical problems, role limitation due to emotional problems, physical pain, social function, energy and vitality, mental health, general health, and overall quality of life showed that there was a significant difference in the mean in all dimensions and quality of life, except mental health, was observed in the case group after the intervention. The mean difference in quality of life in different dimensions before and after the intervention in the intervention group is significant.

According to the results, it was revealed that consumption bulk bread formulated with portulaca oleracea can promote the quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes. So, it can be concluded that portulaca oleracea as a functional plant can be found in bread as a new treatment and prevention method in patients with diabetes.

Subjective well-being is considered as one of the most important measures for the health of a society, and it refers to emotional improvement to be able to enjoy life. The main objective of the current study was to investigate the mediatory role of self-efficacy beliefs in the relationship between self-perception, peer support, and subjective well-being in visually impaired teenagers.

The study was a descriptive correlation performed by path analysis. The statistical population included all female students with visual impairment in Kermanshah city and 176 of which were selected as the sample of the study using convenience sampling. The research instruments included Ryff's Psychological Well-Being Scales (PWB), the Self-Concept Scale, the Peer Support Questionnaire, and Self-Efficacy Beliefs Questionnaire. The proposed model was evaluated using path analysis with AMOS software.

The results showed that all the direct paths, except for the path from self-perception to subjective well-being, were significant (P= 0.0001). Moreover, the indirect paths through self-efficacy beliefs to subjective well-being were also significant (P= 0.0001).

According to the results of the study, the proposed model had a good fit, and is an important step in identifying the factors affecting the subjective well-being of adolescents with visual impairment.

The high prevalence and mortality of heart failure is associated with reduced quality of life. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between self-efficacy and perceived stress with quality of life in patients with heart failure.

Participants were 298 patients referred to the Cardiac unit of Farabi Tamin Ejtemaiy Hospital in Mashhad. They completed three questionnaires. They were evaluated with the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire MLHFQ, 21 items (Rector 1984), self-efficacy (10 items, Schwarzer et al., 1982), and Perceived Stress Questionnaire (14 items, Cohen et al., 1983). Data were analyzed by SPSS and LIZREL software.

The findings revealed that the quality of life of patients with heart failure is affected by perceived stress and self-efficacy. Therefore, perceived stress hurts the quality of life. Self-efficacy has also been able to mediate the relationship between perceived stress and quality of life, so that its path coefficient was equal to -0.36. Evaluation of the model with multiple indices RMSEA (0.082) and GFI (0.92) showed that the proposed model fits the data.

Due to the fact, perceived stress conversely and also through self-efficacy can improve the quality of life of patients with heart failure.
Keywords: Patients heart failure, Quality of life, Self-efficacy, Stress, Structural equation model.

Obesity is one of the most common problem among women, leading to many chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer. Various factors such as emotional problems and lifestyle have a special role in women's obesity. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of emotion-focused therapy group (EFT-G) and schema group therapy (SGT) on the difficulties in emotion regulation and the health-promoting lifestyle of obese women referred to nutrition clinics in Mashhad in 2018.

Thirty-six obese volunteer women were selected and assigned into two experimental groups (each group consisted of 12 women) and a control group (n = 12). A meeting was held to explain the objectives of the research and intervention. Each one of the experimental groups received 90-minute weekly sessions for 2.5 months (10 sessions), while the control group did not receive any intervention. Before and after the training phase, all of the participants completed the demographic questionnaire. Finally, they had also completed the difficulties in emotion regulation scale and the health-promoting lifestyle profile. Data were analyzed by using SPSS 22 software. The significant level was set at 0.05.

The outcomes of data analysis by using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that there is no significant difference between the two experimental groups on the research variables (Pvalue>0.05). The results also showed that EFT-G and SGT improved health promoting lifestyles and difficulties in emotion regulation in obese women (Pvalue<0.05). Also, the results showed that EFT-G was effective on difficulties in emotion regulation, but group schema therapy was not effective on emotional regulation difficulties in obese women (Pvalue>0.05).

Generally, the results showed that there is no significant difference between the two experimental groups on the difficulties in emotion regulation and health-promoting lifestyle. The EFT-G decrease the difficulties in emotion regulation and increase the health promotion lifestyle in obese women. Furthermore, this study illustrated that the EFT-G can improve the difficulties in emotion regulation and the health promotion lifestyle of obese women.

Marital relationship has been described as the most important and fundamental human relationship because it provides the basic structure for forming a family relationship and life satisfaction. Also, one of the factors which play an important role in the marital satisfaction of couples is positive feelings towards the spouse, which include both positive emotions. This study aimed to investigate the effect of emotion-focused couple therapy on marital satisfaction and positive feelings towards the spouse.

This semi-experimental method with a pre-and post-test design was conducted on a sample group of 14. The statistical population of the present study includes all married women who in 2018 were referred to counseling centers and neighborhoods in the 10th district of Tehran city. The sampling method in this research is a purposeful sampling. Thus, the questionnaires of enriching and nurturing relationship issues‚ communicating and happiness(ENRICH) and positive feeling questionnaire (PFQ)were completed by married women referring to counseling centers and shelters in the 10th district of Tehran. After scoring the questionnaire, select 14 people who are allowed to score or below average in ENRICH and PFQ. A Paired t-test was used to significantly evaluate the differences between the means in the pre-test and post-test stages. Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS-24. The significance level was set at 0.05 for all tests.

The results of the paired t-test showed that there was no significant difference between the mean scores of the subjects in the pre-test and post-test stages in the variables of marital relationship, relationship with relatives, and friends and spiritual beliefs (Pvalue<0.05), but in There were significant differences in the variables of personality issues, conflict resolution, sexual relations, marriage and children and the total score of marital satisfaction and positive feelings towards the spouse.

Emotion-focused couple therapy is effective in marital satisfaction and positive feelings Spouse, hence; family counselors and family therapists can use the results of the present study for therapeutic interventions based on emotion-focused couple therapy to increase marital satisfaction and positive feelings in couples.

One of the most significant issues of areas of work and family interactions is work-family conflict. Dominant traditional and stereotypical attitudes toward women’s roles and doing institutionalized house chores provoke problems such as a decline in organizational performance and adverse physical, mental, and behavioral effects in women. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of choice theory education on reducing work-family conflict of women working in the hospital.

The quasi-experimental research conducted in a pre-test and post-test control group design aimed to examine the effectiveness of the choice theory education on reducing work-family conflict of 12 participants in the experimental group and 12 participants in the control group who were selected by multistage cluster sampling.

The result of Covariance analysis revealed that there was a significant difference between the experimental and control group in post-test (Pvalue< 0.001, F=50.13).

It can be concluded that the education of choice theory's concepts can be used as one of the strategies of reducing the work-family conflict to confront its negative consequences in organizations and families.