مجله حقوق کودک
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1399)

After the emergence of innovative information technologies and them casting a shadow upon people’s lives, the effects of this gift on many aspects of individual and social life will become apparent and its domain will expand to an extent that some Pillars of personal and public rights of individuals and nations will be under its sphere of influence. The issue of rights of the child have such great significance that many international documents focus on them and a convention under the name of the Convention on the Rights of the Child has been assembled upon basis of which children in need will receive more protection. Also, anything that would threaten the personal future and reputation of the child needs to be reexamined, because by publishing content in cyber space a proof and document of a an event is created in an endless space in which the deletion of said data is almost impossible; therefore the preservation of dignity and protection of children’s rights in cyber space is a fundamental issue that needs special examination. Thus in this study which is conducted in an analytical-descriptive manner, the focus is on the subject of the right of the children in cyber space by relying on the laws regarding electronic trade in Iran, Convention on the Right of the Child and International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights with focus on credibility of data and electronic records.

This research was aimed at "the typology of child-related policies in Iran." After defining the sensitive concepts of the research, they were identified by the exploratory methodology of policy making, and then we analyzed the qualitative content analysis method. Findings and results show that child-related policymaking in Iran can be summarized in three phases of typology, respectively, which include domestic policy-making, include: 1. Sovereignty; 2. Government policy making; 3. Bureaucratic policy making (bureaucratic institutions); 4. Civil society (NGOs and charities), as well as policy making Foreigners included two cases: 1. The policies of the international community; 2. The policies of the Islamic world. As a result, child-related policies are widespread and broad in Iran, covering a wide range of aspects of children's lives.

Every child & juvenile, in every place & time, is equally entitled to the enjoyment of his or her human rights as an inherent & inalienable right. Whether that child & juvenile is a criminal or a non-criminal, children & juveniles deprived of their liberty are among the most vulnerable groups in society whose rights cannot be ignored. Today education is considered an essential element of the progress & development of human societies & the right to education of children & juveniles deprived of their liberty is also considered as one of their human rights & citizenship. Although, having the right to education of children & juveniles deprived of their liberty can play an essential role in re-socializing & reforming them. However, the implementation of this right in Iran has several challenges.

The present paper, which is written using library documents & resources in a descriptive & analytical manner, examines the challenges facing the right to education of children & juveniles deprived of their liberty in Iran & offers solutions.

Findings & results of the study indicate that the implementation of the right to education of children & juveniles deprived of liberty in Iran faces numerous cultural, financial, judicial, legal, administrative & security challenges that must be addressed in order to address the existing challenges using the solutions provided for each What better way to take action than to enforce this right.

The facts show the need for societies to have places that can keep inconsistent & abnormal people out of society for a while & to make arrangements so that they can reform & return to society for social welfare. The right to education of children & juveniles deprived of their liberty is one of their fundamental rights & it is the responsibility of governments to take measures in this regard to take. So that they, like other members of society, can achieve the right to education as their human right.

The right to food is one of the basic and fundamental rights for every person. In order to be able to benefit from other rights, people’s nutritional needs must first be satisfied. Without securing and attending to this right and innate need, a human will not be able to live and benefit from the rest of human rights. The right to food is not a separate and distinct topic, it's one of the subsets rights of economic and social rights that are recognized under the title of right to adequate standards of living including right to food. The result of this research shows that in addition to the universal importance of right to food and nutrition, children’s nutrition is more important because of their age and health status. Child nutrition as well as other rights, particularly right to education is very closely related. These are the things that turn the right to food into one of the most important human rights that requires attention, infringement on which should be followed up and investigated.

In today's society, the issue of identity is a fundamental issue in childhood, because if we do not pay attention to it, the current and future generations will suffer from imbalance and confusion. The present study aims to investigate the right to art and identity for children from the perspective of Persian poetic texts (poems of Hafez, Rumi, Saadi, Ferdowsi, etc.). The research method is qualitative analysis in the form of library and using the technique of taking notes and using theoretical sources and theory about children's identification According to the obtained results, it can be said that the identification of children in contexts such as family, society and education system is emerging, so its development depends on the development of these contexts. Therefore, when researchers address the issue of child identification, they provide the means for the development of individuals first and then for the development of society. Attention to the rights of children in various dimensions is also in the focus of attention of different societies and religions in the world, so that various laws in this field have always been approved by various organizations and institutions.. Recognizing a child's art, literature, and identity as fundamental rights has an important role in the process of forming his or her identity. Parents are the first and closest reference to the rights of children in all aspects of education and identification, and certainly an informed parent can provide the most and most useful help to his or her child. The study of art in Persian poetry also reveals the influence of art on human mental development, moral development and attention to physical dimension.

The astonishing advancement of information technology in the early years of the twenty-first century has brought about countless changes in the various fields and opened another door to the new world so that all human economic, social, political, cultural and scientific activities are fundamentally changed. Law is also a branch of the humanities that regulates human relations in the context of collective life. It has developed laws to prevent children from unsecured entering the virtual world and legal measures to protect them. Adopting a distinct approach to the substantive criminal law of cybercrime can minimize harm to children and adolescents by prevention. In the meantime, questions and doubts have been raised about the limits of freedom of use of the Internet for children, the limits of free flow of information against child users, protection of child privacy in cyberspace and finally the role of legal regulations to protect this vulnerable group that easily can be exploited in this boundless world. In this research, through data collection tools and using library and internet resources with rational analysis of the content to study the legislative policy of criminal law on criminal security for children in cyberspace, in comparison with the iranian legal system and international documents, in order to better confront and prevent these crimes, the issues and problems and the strengths and weaknesses of the enacted laws are presented and suggestions and solutions for solving these problems are discussed.