نشریه برنامه ریزی توسعه شهری و منطقه ای
پیاپی 7 (زمستان 1397)

The ecological city approach is one emerging of area, which has provided different perspectives on cities in terms of environmental and social dimensions. This approach is considered to provide a comprehensive and integrated way of achieving the sustainability goals with a focus on the environment, the economic development, and social justice. Such a city is supposed to be coherent with and in line with the natural order and tune. Since Bojnourd has a significant natural context, it is a good case for study and use of the ecological city approach. A number of rivers and underground reservoirs have provided for a variety of local vegetation. The present study aimed to provide a suitable model for the future development of Bojnourd based on the aforementioned approach. The method used here is descriptive-analytic and explorative. Our focus has been on future studies, and we have attempted to discover the driving forces and the uncertainties in order to present a number of scenarios for the future of Bojnourd. In the GBN method, we had to contemplate on at least three uncertainties. We have used the Delphi interview method to gain a more comprehensive knowledge of the basic issues of Bojnourd. Then, using scenario planning, three key factors including systematic and controlled urban development, environmental protection, efficient public transport, and intelligent and efficient use and consumption of energy, and development of a smart city based on utilization of information and communication technology were shown major factors influencing the  future of the city.

Many governments around the world are highly interested in the expansion of medical tourism industry as a national strategic industry, and as one form of health services trade and try to plan for it. Considering Iran’s capabilities in this industry, the present research aimed to compile/develop and prioritize the strategies of medical tourism development of health region No.2 taking the approach of service integration towards the development of health villages.  In the first phase, the data were gathered from a number of key experts by using documentary- analysis method (content analysis approach), interview and survey. Data analysis was done by using MAXQDA-18 software.  In the second phase, the data obtained from the previous phase was examined by SWOT technique. Thereafter, by combining two techniques of SWOT and fuzzy DEMATEL towards research objectives, different types of strategies were determined and prioritized by AHP technique. Statistical population under study in the evaluation and prioritization phase included 20 subjects/participants selected from the health tourism experts of Azerbaijan Region.  The results obtained from the integration of multi-criteria decision-making techniques and SWOT model revealed that offensive strategies (SO), review (revision) strategies (WO), defensive strategies (WT) and diversity strategies ranked first to fourth in terms of priority.

One the most important issue in urban and regional planning and geographic debate is space and it’s changes in time. Space defined as process of different dimensions like economic, social, cultural, environmental ones, and that has a different vision so space which is a combined product of a lot of actors. In regional scale space, that is the product of relational process, creates different spatial structure like concentration, disperse and semi-disperse. Thereby dominant flow like goods, population, information, and so on are basic leverage of spatial structure change in regional scale. The aim of this paper was the analysis of South Alborz Region land scape with emphasis of goods flow in the three periods of 1997, 2007 and 2017. The research method was based on the fundamental and applicable type, and in terms of aim it is analytical-descriptive. Data collection method is documentary like statistic center data (industrial corporation, transportation, …) and paper and books. Arc GIS software and UCINET and NETDRAW were used to analyze the spatial structure and flow network. Based on the result obtained in Tehran centrality and power in spatial structure and in flow and outflow, evidence indicates that some new center emerge and absorb the saturated element of Tehran.

Regarding the dual relationship of various studies between financial decentralization (expenditure and income) and regional development at the national level, this study examined the relationship between regional inequality and financial decentralization (expenditure and income) in the provinces of the country. For this purpose, the calculations were carried out in two stages: In the first stage, the index of regional inequality (CIRD) on 5 dimensions (macroeconomics, science and innovation, environmental sustainability, human capital and public services) is calculated by using the principal component analysis (PCA). This index is the development composite index that it is calculated for the years of 2006 and 2016. In the second part, using the simultaneous equations (SEs) and error component two-stage least squares (EC2SLS), examine the dual relationship of financial decentralization (expenditure and income) and regional development. In the next section, which examined the interaction of financial decentralization variables and regional development, the effect of both decentralization variables on regional development index are significant but the effect of financial decentralization of expenditures on increasing regional development is greater than the effect of financial decentralization of income.

The positive relationship between the level of economic activity and the measured nighttime light (NTL) by satellites can be justified, and several studies have confirmed this relationship. In this research, this relationship, in the period of 1992-2013, was investigated in Iran. The first step is to analyze the analytical approach based on NTL data and the process of data extraction, and then the relationship between NTL data and the level of economic activity was investigated. The results indicate a positive and significant relationship between real GDP and NTL; therefore, it is expected that income and NTL variables distributions have a positive relationship too. The covariance reveals the existence of the positive relationship, which indicates the similarity between the distributions of both variables in the provinces. Accordingly, by more uniform distribution of economic activities, income distribution at the provincial level can be directed towards greater equality. In other words, in the field of regional planning, the distribution of economic activities at the province level should be such that the distribution of income leads to greater equality.

Today creative cities are very important, and they are in different subjects of creative industries. Cinematic cities are important in cultural, economic, social and even political aspects. Therefore, this paper’s goal is to study the capacities for fulfillment of creative cinematic city in the upstream documents, and to present strategies for the future. The used method was applied, qualitative and descriptive, and content analysis was also used for analyzing the upstream documents such as Iran 20-year vision plan, the sixth development plan etc. In presenting strategy for the future, documental method and interview (snow ball technique) were used. Results show that the documents have capacities for fulfillment of creative cinematic city, but are not enough and needs policymaking and urban planning. Therefore some strategies are presented in systemic model.