نشریه اقتصاد و برنامه ریزی شهری
سال دوم شماره 1 (بهار 1400)

Water, environment, food and energy are vital resources for human beings; Therefore, creating sustainable security in these interconnected resources is very important. In this research, a solution called Mini Energitic Dark Greenhouse (MEDG) is introduced and its components are described. The impact of this system on various areas of urban management is also explained. This approach can simultaneously help to increase the sustainable security of water, environment, food and energy in the framework of the water, environment, food and energy nexus in urban life. Mini Energitic Dark Greenhouse (MEDG) is used on a home scale. For this system, economic analysis has been done from two perspectives of investors and households in Tehran and costs and revenues have been calculated from these two perspectives. According to the calculations made, the cumulative profit and loss of this system at the end of each year is presented from these two perspectives. From the investor's point of view, this system has a payback period of about 5 years. From the perspective of Tehran households, this system has a return on investment of less than 4 years.

As management is one of the most important elements for all activities of the current world and as Iran is one of the most hazardous countries in terms of natural disasters, the issue of management gains special importance in crisis. The main purpose of crisis management is reducing crisis risk and the ways to achieve this goal are various and have been evolved over the time. Crisis management includes a disaster before the beginning to the end and the operations after the disaster. While occurrence of each accident, the Committee of Crisis and Disasters analyzes the situation from different dimensions using existing instructions and makes the best decision and provides it for the involved organs. Due to importance of time, the main part of the process of crisis management is taken before the disaster. Reducing the risk of crisis with the integration in its heart with spatial planning is required. In this regard, spatial data infrastructure (SDI) provides required conditions for collecting and maintaining spatial data to facilitate sharing the data and creating an integrated management. Therefore, the objective of this study is to evaluate spatial data infrastructure as a context for realization of integrated management to reduce risk of probable crises using descriptive-analytical method.

In the sustainable development approach,in order to control the horizontal growth of cities,which causes physical and social problems,the formation of worn-out structures and imbalances in the urban service system,it is better to empty vacant lands within the city,especially worn-out structures,instead of infrastructure.To be developed,provided that they are accompanied by an increase in the percapita municipal services.The present study examines the social-economic dimensions of infill development and its impact on urban sustainability in accordance with the teachings extracted for the historical context of Tehran;Analyzes and presents strategies and policies for the infill development of Tehran's oudlajan neighborhood.By reviewing the literature of this approach in Iran and the world and documentation the concept of redevelopment of abandoned and brown lands,the importance of this issue in urban development has been explained,then by documenting domestic and foreign experiences and examining the strengths and weaknesses of implemented programs,knowledge promotion A view has been provided in the field of internal development and redevelopment of these lands in order to adopt more effective policies.The research method is analytical-interpretive based on the study and evaluation of case studies and its results indicate the importance of redevelopment of abandoned lands within the city that in addition to improving the quality of the project in the context as an incentive for urban regeneration programs.The main purpose of this study is to identify and study the infill development zones oudlajan neighborhood and its priorities and capacities and to answer the main question:What opportunities does oudlajan neighborhood of have for infill development?

Today, economic development, population growth, and urbanization have made the environment highly vulnerable to damage and destruction. In this regard, municipal solid waste plays a significant role in demolition. The economic disadvantage of the waste management process is the most important issue that neglects to spend on managing external environmental impacts and therefore the financial sustainability of this process is essential.In this paper, the economical and financial appraisal of three phases of waste management process including storage, collection and transportation paid for the city of Robat Karim by cost-benefit analysis. The results showed that in the present situation, considering that the cost of project) fixed and variable costs (are much higher than the proceeds of the residual income, this process is not from the private sector investors point of view. In order to examine the financial feasibility, three scenarios of change include a 15% reduction in fixed costs of the project, a 30% increase in revenue from the sale, and finally in terms of indirect benefits of reducing health costs due to proper waste management performance, Was investigated. The results showed that in terms of these changes in the above scenarios, the internal rate of return will be 40% and the benefit-to-cost ratio will be about 1.20 and the payback period will be 4.25 years, so the waste management process can be financially feasible. The results of this study can provide the necessary information for determining governmental incentives to make the process of waste management by the private sector.

It is believed that forests are effective in producing water, preventing floods and reducing soil erosion. Today, using advanced techniques and the latest technologies, floods are directed to aquifers, to make optimal use of the minimum rainfall, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. It is possible to create vegetation and especially to create a forest park in the urban suburb of arid and semi-arid areas. Therefore, this study seeks to evaluate the role of flood spreading in the creation of tree vegetation. Therefore, in this study, soil moisture storage and the amount and speed of permeability in the treatment without flood spreading and flood spreading in arboreal vegetation (dense forest) were investigated. The results show that the cost-effectiveness index in flood spreading treatment with tree cover is less than flood spreading treatment without tree cover (rangeland). In fact, combining flood spreading with planting trees is less than planting shrubs at 88000 Rials per cubic meter of water. Therefore, by using flood spreading technology and combining with suitable tree species, in addition to increasing the effectiveness of moisture retention, more water can be stored to penetrate the aquifer into the soil.

In the current era, and especially in the context of developing countries, despite the uncertainties, unknowns and complexities that are mostly exposed by external environments and outside the control of the planning system as well as national and transnational spaces, traditional methods of spatial development management and planning have lost their effectiveness in the face of unforeseen and nonlinear conditions. A review of the methodology of the plans prepared in Iran in dealing with the future shows that most of them, from a positivist point of view, consider the future in the form of quantitative models in the continuation of past trends and present simple scenarios in the most optimistic case. The inefficiency of conventional approaches has turned the agenda of the article to the thought and application of new and flexible methods of future research and its integration into the study of extra-territorial jurisdiction; the area of about 6000 square kilometers which is approved by the High Council of Urban Planning and Architecture, which due to the presence of various actors, has become one of the main complexities and uncertainties of this metropolis.In this regard, foresighting methodology has been used in a scenario-based method based on the approach of participatory future workshops. The result is the introduction of three scenarios; pessimistic and chaotic scenario (Extra-Territory as the backyard of Tehran and the metropolitan area as multi-core region and the multiple island community), the scenario of opportunity and gradual improvement (Extra-Territory as a green belt) and the optimistic, progressive and active scenario of the integrated metropolitan government; With the idea that by visualizing these scenarios, a suitable platform for future sustainable decisions, plans and planning will be provided.