نشریه خانواده و بهداشت
سال دهم شماره 1 (پیاپی 23، بهار 1399)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of group reality therapy on quality of life, marital satisfaction and inefficient attitudes of couples in Isfahan.

The research method was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design with control group. The statistical population of this study was all couples who referred to counseling centers in Isfahan in 1397. The statistical population were selected through purposeful sampling based on Beck & Weisman's dysfunctional attitudes questionnaire (1978), Enrich Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire (Olson & Favers, 1989) and World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (1998) and inclusion and exclusion criteria. Exclusion, 20 conflicting couples were selected. These 20 couples were divided into two groups of 10 experimental and control couples. The experimental group received reality therapy based on the Glaser treatment program (2012) and the control group received no treatment. Covariance analysis was also used to analyze the data and to accelerate the results of SPSS 21 software.

The results showed that reality therapy significantly increased quality of life (P = 0.0001, F = 49.73) and marital satisfaction (P = 0.0001, F = 38.47) and decreased dysfunctional attitudes (P = 0.001). P = 0.0001, F = 27.23) Isfahan city couples.

The quality of life and marital satisfaction of thشe couples in the experimental group significantly increased and their dysfunctional attitudes decreased compared to the control group.

Social anxiety disorder is the second most common type of anxiety disorder characterized by fear or perceived anxiety about one or more specific social situations. The purpose of this study was to predict social anxiety based on anger rumination, problem solving, and aggression.

This was a correlation descriptive study and the population of this study consisted of all students in Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch in autumn 2015 which trough them 600 students were selected by multistage sampling method. The study tools were included Anger Rumination Scale, State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2, Problem Solving Styles Questionnaire and Social Anxiety Questionnaire.

Results showed that anger rumination (β=0.394, P=0.0001), non-constructive problem solving (β=0.323, P=0.0001), constructive problem solving (β=-0.096, P=0.049) and aggression (P=0.0001, β=0.256) were significant predictors of social anxiety.

It can be concluded from the results of this study that anger rumination, by weakening the anger management ability, impedes the use of constructive problem solving in social situations in which the person has anxiety and becomes aggressive.

Binge eating has become a major public health concern because of its association with adverse psychological and physical consequences. The purpose of this study was to predict binge eating based on difficulties in emotion regulation, alexithymia, defensive styles, and childhood trauma in overweight individuals.

The research method was descriptive correlational and the statistical population of the study included individuals aged 45-45 with BMI between 25 and 30 referring to health centers, sports clubs and weight loss centers of Karaj city in 2017-2018 which through them 200 people were selected as available. The instrument in the study were childhood trauma questionnaire by Bernstein et al (1994); Toronto alexithymia scale by Bagby et al (1994); defense style questionnaire by Andrews et al (1993); emotion regulation difficulties scale by Gratz & Roemer (2004) and Binge Eating Scale by Gormally et al (1982). Data were analyzed using a hierarchical regression method.

The regression coefficients showed that among the components of difficulties in emotion regulation, the difficulty engaging in Goal-directed behavior (P<0.01, β=0.372), lack of emotional awareness (P<0.01, β=0.241), lack of emotional clarity (P<0.01, β=0.243); alexithymia (P<0.05, β=0.129), and among the components of defensive styles neurotic style (P<0.01, β=0.231) and childhood trauma (P<0.05, β=0.145) predict binge eating.

Childhood Trauma brings with it immature defensive styles, emotion dysregulation, and alexithymia. Emotion dysregulation prone people to difficulties in eating and obesity. Individuals respond to the lack of recognition of emotions and inappropriate responses to their emotions cope with inappropriate and overeating.

School engagement is one of the most important aspects of students 'relationship with school, which has been considered as one of the factors affecting students' academic and behavioral outputs. The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of self-determination training and psychological capital training and the integration of these two methods on increasing school engagement in female high school students.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group and an one-month follow-up and the statistical population included female high school students in one of the girls' schools in Tehran in 2016, among whom based on the criteria 60 people were selected and replaced in four groups. Participants completed School Bonding Questionnaire developed by Rezaei Sharif et al. (2014). The first experimental group was trained in psychological capital, the second experimental group was trained in self-determination and the third experimental group was trained in psychological capital and self-determination. During this period, the control group did not receive any training. The data of the present study were analyzed using intragroup covariance analysis.

The results of the present study showed that the effect of all three methods on increasing the school engagement was significant and lasted for one month. Integration of psychological capital and self-determination education more than separate education led to an increase in school engagement among female students.

Based on the results of the present study, it is suggested that in addition to teaching psychological capital and self-determination to students, this training is be given to teachers to familiarize them with the basic needs of students and support them and help increase the level of intrinsic motivation of students.

Relationships between couples play a key role in various aspects of their lives, affect their lifestyle and are the basis of marital satisfaction of couples. The aim of this study was to explain the relationship between personality features with marital satisfaction based on the mediating role of forgiveness.

The research method was descriptive-correlational and the statistical population included all married teachers working in the first and second secondary schools of Tehran's 6th educational district, with a total of 4080 people, among whom using random sampling 28 schools and finally among them, 304 were selected as volunteer teachers according to Klein's (2016) suggestion. To collect research data NEO-Five Factor Inventory of Costa and McCrae (1989); Family Forgiveness Scale by Pollard, Anderson, Anderson & Jennings (1998) and ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale by Olson, Fournier & Druckman 1983 were used. After deleting 10 distortion questionnaires and 3 outliers, for data analysis, structural equation modeling was used.

The results of the present study showed that the indirect path coefficient of conscientiousness (p<0.01, β=0.065) and agreement (p=0.01, β=0.184) personality characters with marital satisfaction were positive and the indirect path coefficient between neuroticism personality character and marital satisfaction (p<0.01, β=-0.0171) was negative and significant at the level of 0.01.

By focusing on increasing forgiveness between couples in couple therapy, it is possible to increase the marital satisfaction of incompatible and conflicting couples and reduce the manifestations of negative personality and the consequences of marital dissatisfaction such as emotional divorce and real divorce, thus achieving healthy families.

Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (ROCD) is a form of obsessivecompulsive disorder focusing on intimate relationships. Such obsessions can become extremely distressing and debilitating, having negative impacts on relationships functioning. The aim of this study was to prediction of couple’s obsessive beliefs based on narcissism and attachment.

The research method was descriptive and correlational type and the statistical population consisted of all residents of Karaj in the summer of 2018. 250 residents of Karaj city were selected through available sampling method from amusement, cultural and artistic centers. They answered Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, Narcissistic Personality Inventory, and Relationship Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory & Partner-Related ObsessiveCompulsive Symptoms Inventory. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and entire regression analysis.

Avoidance attachment positively and significantly predicts relationship obsessivecompulsive beliefs (β=0.331, P=0.000). Anxiety attachment predicts positively and significantly partner-related obsessive-compulsive beliefs (β=0.165, P=0.009). Avoidance attachment and significantly predicts partner-related obsessive-compulsive beliefs (β=0.572, P=0.000).

Attachment theory is a psychological model attempting to describe the dynamics of long-term and short-term interpersonal relationships between humans.

Introduction:

One of the most common diseases in Iran and the world is metabolic syndrome, which can be an important risk factor for other diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver, cholesterol, etc. The aim of this study was to develop a group semantic therapy program and evaluate its effectiveness on existential anxiety in female patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods:

This study consisted of two stages. In the first stage, a meaningful intervention program was developed and then in the second stage, after compiling and validating the treatment program, a semi-experimental research method with pre-test-post-experimental design with control group and two-month follow-up period was used. The research population included adult women between the ages of 25 and 60 with metabolic syndrome who referred to the health centers of Semnan city in 1397. Sampling method was selected as a sample of 30 people and individuals were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The research tool was the scale of existential anxiety (Thani et al., 2015).

Results:

The findings showed that the effect of group semantic therapy on death anxiety was also confirmed in patients with metabolic syndrome (p <0.01), but its stability was rejected over a 2-month period (p> 0.01). The effect of this training on loneliness anxiety and its 2-month stability was also rejected (p> 0.01). However, its effect on semantic anxiety and the stability of its effect were confirmed in a period of 2 months (p <0.01). Also, the effect of the training program on anxiety was rejected (p> 0.01), but the stability of its effect was confirmed in the 2-month follow-up period (p <0.01).

Conclusion:

The results showed that the developed training program has practical features and can play a decisive and effective role in some of the variables of existential anxiety.

The aim of this study was to develop a Wittgenstein’s philosophy therapy protocol and its effectiveness on depression and anxiety in derelict adolescents in welfare organization centers.

This study was a cross-sectional study in two stages. In the first stage, we developed and validated the Wittgenstein’s philosophy therapy protocol and validated it using content analysis method. The second stage of this research is semi-experimental and practical with a pre-test post-test with control group. The statistical population of this study was all adolescents living in Tehran's welfare centers in 2017-2018. A sample of 30 adolescents residing in welfare centers of Tehran in 2017-2018 who was randomly selected and assigned to two control and experimental groups. For sampling in this research, simple random sampling method was used. In order to collect data, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) were used. After formulating the protocol and investigating its validity, this intervention was performed once a week in eight 60 minute-sessions.

According to the results of Weinkenstein's philosophy of therapy in the post-test of depression components reduce sadness, pessimism, feelings of failure, dissatisfaction, guilt, expectation of punishment, dislike, self-blame, suicidal thoughts, indecision, loss of energy, stimulation Is acceptable (p≤ 0.01). Also, this treatment in the post-test of anxiety components reduced tremors in the legs (F = 7.11, p = 0.001), inability to relax (F = 5.69, p = 0.001), heart rate (07/07). F = 9, p = 0.001), variable state (F = 10.24, p = 0.001), nervous (F = 4.86, p = 0.05), fear of death (22.78 = F, p = 0.001) and the state of fear (F = 6.37, p = 0.05).

Generally based on the results of this study, Wittgenstein's philosophy therapy can be considered as a suitable way to reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety.

Cyberspace depicts world that have emerged from fiction; however, for many people, cyberspace has become a part of their daily lives, affecting their psychological wellbeing and family functioning. The aim of this study was to predict family performance based on psychological well-being and readiness for social media addiction among student users.

The research method was descriptive-correlational type and the statistical population of this study included all students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch in the academic year 2016-2017, from which 200 people were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. Research tools include the Affective Family Climate Scale; Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale-Short Form and Social Media Addiction Questionnaire. Pearson correlation and simultaneous regression analysis were used to analyze the data.

The results of the present study showed that the dimensions of family functioning have been associated with psychological well-being. Dimensions of family functioning have been associated with readiness social media addiction.

It is suggested that by educating families and parents for families with children and adolescents, in addition to prevention, the level of family performance and consequently the well-being of children, adolescents and young adults can be increased.