Annals of Applied Sport Science
Volume:1 Issue: 1, Spring 2013

The aim of this study was effect of a single session of weight-lifting exercise on serum testosterone and cortisol and testosterone-cortisol ratio changes in elite weight-lifter of Mazandaran state. 10 elite weight-lifter of Mazandaran state was selected randomly. Moderate-intensity exercise was contained stand snatch (2 sets with 3 repeats of 60 one repeat maximum), Olympic snatch (2 sets with 2 repeats of 60 1RM and 1 sets with 2 repeats of 70 1RM), Olympic clean & jerk (2 sets with 2 repeats of 60 1RM and 1 sets with 2 repeats of 70 1RM), squat on chest (2 sets with 3 repeats of 70 1RM) and heavy-intensity exercise was contained Olympic snatch (idoneous warm up and reach to %100 of record), Olympic clean & jerk (idoneous warm up and reach to %100 of record), mean lift (2 sets with 3 repeat of %120 Olympic snatch record), squat on chest (idoneous warm up and reach to %100 of record). Blood samples were taken at 30 minutes previous and immediately post exercise while the subjects were overnight fast (at least 12h). Blood variables were measurement containing Hemoglobin, heamatocrit, Testosterone and cortisol. Data were analyzed by spss program and paired sample t-test was used to compare mean of previous and Post of information. Finally any significant changes were not observed in blood variables not only in moderate-intensity exercise but also in heavy-intensity exercise. Insignificant changes in testosterone, cortisol and testosterone-cortisol ratio may be accounted as exercise performance time and fitness level of weightlifters.

This study aims to survey the effects of a circuit resistance training session with a light intensity on some hematological parameters of male students of Physical Education. After the release of an announcement and call, 20 male students of Physical Education voluntarily participated in this study. After equalization, they were randomly divided into two groups including light-intensity exercise (35% of a maximum repetition) and no exercise (the control). Persons in the first group were asked to perform 10-step circuit exercise for three non-stop alternating rounds with a rest period at each round. Hematological parameters measured included white blood cells, platelet variables, and red blood cells. Data was analyzed using SPSS software. To compare the means before and after the exercise and to compare to groups with each other, dependent t-test and independent t-test were used, respectively. Results showed that none of the variables related to white blood cells and platelet had a significant change in the group of light-intensity exercise (35% of a maximum repetition) and only mean corpuscular volume (MCV), among the variables related to red blood cells, decreased significantly. In the control group, a significant increase in neutrophil percent (NEUT) and hemoglobin and a significant decrease in lymphocyte percent (LYM) were observed. Other variables showed no significant change in this group. In addition, there was no difference between the groups.

The purpose of study was comparison of conflict management strategies of physical education office managers based on their some demographic characteristics. All of managers of physical education office of Mazandaran (n = 15) and Guilan (n = 16) province and their assistant [(n = 15) and (n =16) respectively] response to Putnam and Wilson’s “organizational communication conflict instrument (OCCI)”.Analysis showed that Mazandaran’s and Guilan’s managers and their assistant hadn’t differences together in conflict management strategies, and using cooperation strategy significantly as first preference, and using compromise, dominance, accommodation, and avoidance strategies as second preference in conflicts resolution and demographic variables (age, work duration, interaction of age and work duration, study proof, study branch, interaction of study proof and study branch) hadn’t effect on conflict management strategies preferences. In conclusion, however there were no significant difference between conflict management strategies preference of Mazandaran’s and Guilan’s managers and their assistant but, it is important that the preference of both Mazandaran’s and Guilan’s managers is cooperation suggesting that the managers use good decision making and appropriate styles for resolution of employees’ problems in offices.

The purpose of this paper is to study the relationship between organizational learning and readiness for change in the staff of Physical Education departments of Guilan, Mazandaran and Golestan provinces. Number of 161 employees from all employees of Physical Education Offices of Golestan, Mazandaran and Guilan province were considered as the sample (all numbers). Research tools were two questionnaires: organizational learning (41-question in five components) and readiness for change (18-question in three dimensions) that their reliability was confirmed and validity of these was calculated 0.843 and 0.816, respectively. The analysis showed that there is a direct and significant relationship between organizational learning and readiness for change (p=0.005, r=0.219). A direct and significant relationship was also observed between mental models (p=0.001, r= 0.323), shared vision (p=0.001, r=0.280), and system thinking (p=0.026, r=0.175) with readiness for change. The results also showed that there is no significant relationship between individual mastery and group learning with readiness for change.

The purpose of this research is Prioritization coping with stress styles in individual and team athletes with an emphasis on gender and the level of championship. The population is 1092 athletes participate in team sports (volleyball, basketball, footsall and handball) and individual sports (ping pong, badminton, track & field, physical fitness, taekwondo and karate) with at least one year championship background. The sampling was selected by considering the lost subject 380 person one by one. For data collection in this research, has been used a 32 items questionnaire of Coping Scale Korea Atletes (CSKA) related to coping with stress styles. Questionnaires were distributed in pilot studies and their reliability was estimated α = 0.81. Data has been analyzed by using Mann Whitney U and in the level of P ≤ 0.05. The results of this research indicated that problem focused coping and emotional coping style were higher priority than avoidance coping style and intuitive coping style. Male use the avoidance coping more than female and individual athletes apply problem focused coping more than group athletes. There is significant difference among athletes with different levels of sport achievement only in avoidance coping. The athletes according to background, genus, and kind of sport, education and levels of sport achievement use different coping style which this subject should be considered by coaches.

This study aims to compare and determine a relationship between self-concept and self-esteem of female and male athletic and non-athletic students in Sari branch Islamic Azad University. For this reason, 200 students (100 athletic and 100 non-athletic) were selected randomly and tested by Eysenck’s self-esteem questionnaire and Rogers’s self-concept one. Research findings implied that there is no significant relationship between self-esteem of athletic students and non-athletic ones. However, there is a significant relationship between self-esteem of female non-athletic students and male non-athletic ones.

recently, with increasing of interest of all people especially young people and teenagers to sports in Iran in parallel the tendency of investors both in governmental and private parts is increased ,and in this part the special places and spaces of sport was not departed , and billion Rials (Iran’s currencies) is paid for making some places for sport or equipped the old building .In this part football stadium are very important , on the one hand , the grass of playground need water and light but the shade of sits of fans make some problems for the grass , but on the other hand , in Europe , in most stadium they have made roof for stadium and in some cases they are equipped with moving roof for making more comfortable place for roof .The aim of this research is the review of technology of making the roof in stadium .This research is the over viewing of present essay .Today’s it is used from cortical layer technology from material ETFE which is very useful for stadium because of special characteristics.