نشریه پژوهش های مدیریت انتظامی
سال شانزدهم شماره 1 (بهار 1400)

The phenomenon of trafficking and its destructive impact on legal production, trade, investment and employment endanger economic security and must be seriously combated, and the premise of this struggle is a model of prevention and struggle. This study was conducted in order to identify and present a model for preventing and combating smuggling of goods and currency based on the idea of ​​the Supreme Command of the Armed Forces.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method, which was done with a qualitative approach. In this study, the statements, rulings and decrees of the Supreme Leader from June 1989 to the end of 2017 were the source of research. The data collection tool was phishing and the data analysis method was qualitative content analysis with inductive approach. In order to evaluate the reliability of the research (research reliability), the second coding method was used and the agreement coefficient between the coders using the Holstie method was 0.95.

Based on the research findings, the model of prevention and fight against smuggling of goods and currency in four dimensions of management and implementation, legislative, cultural - social and judicial, was designed with 25 main categories and 63 sub-categories. Executive categories include increasing the risk of trafficking, the use of intelligent anti-trafficking systems, the fight against organized trafficking, and the destruction of smuggled goods.  

The research findings show that the model derived from the thought of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution has a comprehensive view of the executive, legislative, cultural, social and judicial dimensions and can be appropriate to policies as a suitable model in preventing and combating smuggling of goods and currency. This model by the organizations responsible for combating smuggling of goods and currency can be an effective step to achieve the goals of this fight.

Due to the obvious consequences of natural crises such as earthquakes in disrupting public order and security, law enforcement is always known as one of the main pillars of managing such crises. The main purpose of this study is to identify the methods of disciplinary management in earthquake crisis in the framework of pre-crisis, post-crisis and post-crisis stages.

This research is of classical Delphi type in terms of practical purpose and in terms of nature and is among the exploratory and survey researches. Using targeted sampling and snowballs, the participation of 25 law enforcement commanders who had a history of responsibility in managing the country's earthquake crises in recent decades in the Delphi group was used. The final data obtained from the Delphi questionnaire were analyzed using descriptive statistical tests and Kendall's inferential inference test.

The findings of the qualitative stage revealed 111 propositions in the field of earthquake management, which were divided into 15 different dimensions based on their content, including 5 pre-crisis stages, 6 intra-crisis stages and 4 post-crisis dimensions. During the two stages of the Delphi survey, an acceptable consensus of more than 70% was achieved in all dimensions.

Based on the results of the research, the pre-crisis police management model in 5 dimensions, including command measures, staff training and empowerment, logistical and defense measures, bedrock of internal and external interaction; During the crisis in 6 dimensions, including crisis command, preparedness and dispatch of police forces and equipment, urban and suburban traffic management, crime control and disorder, earthquake-affected staff, protection-security measures and post-crisis in 4 dimensions , Includes the normalization of regulatory conditions in the earthquake-stricken area, control and monitoring measures, repair and reconstruction, and strategic analysis.

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of psychological components on the performance of police chiefs in Greater Tehran. Due to the nature of police work, the components of job stress, distress tolerance, difficulty in regulating emotion and psychological capital on job performance have been studied.

The present study is an applied research in terms of purpose and a survey in terms of method and is in the group of non-experimental causal designs. Data analysis was performed by path analysis method and finally the final research model was drawn. The statistical population of the study is all the heads of police stations in Greater Tehran. Eighty-three participants were selected by random sampling method and four standard questionnaires were used to assess the psychological components and a researcher-made questionnaire for the performance of police chiefs.

The findings indicate that among the psychological components, the coefficient of effect of job stress on the performance of police chiefs is not significant, but other components such as stress tolerance, difficulty in emotional regulation and psychological capital have affected the performance of police chiefs.  

As in the final model, there is a significant effect between the variables of stress tolerance and job stress and stress tolerance and difficulty of emotional regulation with the performance of police chiefs; That is, as the tolerance of anxiety increases, so does the amount of job stress and difficulty in regulating emotion, and as a result, the performance of police chiefs increases. Whereas manpower is the most valuable asset in any organization; If the psychological components of stress tolerance, difficulty in regulating emotions and their psychological capital are taken into consideration in the selection of police chiefs, it will improve the performance of individuals and organizations

Standardizing the behavior of managers and commanders of an organization is in fact the institutionalization of organizational behavior in relation to the behavior of their professions. The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between the components of professional ethics of managers and commanders of the police force of the Islamic Republic of Iran with a focus on commanders and managers of the Kermanshah police command.

The present study is a cross-sectional survey in terms of applied purpose, descriptive method and type of study. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and in order to check the validity of the instrument, the face validity was obtained using the opinion of experts and the reliability of the instrument was calculated by calculating the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.829. The statistical population of the study includes all managers and commanders of rank 16 and above serving in the Kermanshah police command. The sample size was calculated to be 92 according to the Cochran relation. Sampling was also done by stratified random sampling. Correlation test was used to analyze the research data.

The results of Pearson correlation test showed that professional ethics with a coefficient of 0.431 and all its components including work discipline (0.473), responsibility (0.420), observance of justice and fairness (0.382), honesty and trustworthiness ( 0.359), observance of politeness and respect (0.325) have a significant relationship with the performance of commanders and managers.

According to the significant levels observed in the considered variables including work discipline, responsibility, observance of justice and fairness, honesty and trustworthiness and observance of politeness and respect, the normality of the data was confirmed; this means that each of the mentioned components of professional ethics affects the performance of commanders and law enforcement managers in Kermanshah province.

In crime prevention management, futurology is one of the most important and effective principles in predicting and preparing for crime. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the quantification of the occurrence of assault and battery crimes with a mixed approach of scenario writing and futurology using GIS in the city of Ahvaz.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and in terms of methodology, it is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. The information needed to do this has been collected in the form of a library and by referring to organizations. One of the most accurate ways to identify future events is to write a scenario.  

In this study, using some effective drivers in the field of urban assault and battery crimes (pattern of distribution of crimes, population growth and population density, average literacy level of criminals) based on the methods of GIS, Delphi and panel of experts extracted and then it was analyzed. Three possible scenarios were drawn for the city of Ahvaz, which are: increase in assault and battery crimes, decrease in assault and battery crimes and stability of assault and battery crimes.

The final result showed that according to the current situation of the studied variables and the outlined landscape, the most probable scenario of urban assault and battery crimes is related to the increase of the mentioned crimes in the city, which necessitates foresight, crime prevention and finally strategic planning for correct management and rate control reveals crimes numerically in the coming years.

Disciplinary environments are among the environments that have a high level of stress and psychological pressure due to their job nature and special risks as well as the need to maintain physical and mental fitness for employees; Therefore, the present study intends to propose solutions to reduce employee stress by presenting a model of job stress and its effect on personal and family performance of police personnel in Mazandaran province.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of method and has been done via a mixed approach. The statistical population includes commanders, deputies, experts, heads of departments and law enforcement personnel in the year 1998-99 (4000 people) and the sample was selected based on Krejcie and Morgan table 351 people. The authors used stratified random sampling method. In the research, the researcher-made questionnaire of job stressful dimensions (60 questions) in three dimensions (individual, organizational and environmental) and the 151-item standard Patterson Job Performance Questionnaire (2011) and the 53-item standardized questionnaire of Yousefi Family Performance (2011) used. The validity and reliability of the instrument were confirmed. Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Wilcoxon, Mann–Whitney U test, rankings, Pearson correlation, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations tests were used. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 and Samartpls3 software.

The most stressful dimensions of job stress are related to the environmental dimensions of job stress, the organizational dimensions of job stress and the individual dimensions of job stress. Also, law enforcement personnel were above average in terms of personal performance and family performance.

It is necessary to take measures and programs to reduce and eliminate this issue in order to improve the quantity and quality and fulfill the social responsibilities of the organization. This issue is very important in the organization of the police force, which, due to the inherent nature of its professional role and responsibilities, faces many stressful conditions.

It is believed that spectators' familiarity with the etiquette and culture of attending stadiums is effective in improving their security levels; therefore, the purpose of this research was to investigate the role of police in promoting the culture and etiquette of spectators in Iranian football stadiums.

The present study is an exploratory qualitative research. The content analysis method was used to achieve the goals. The study participants were five senior police officers specializing in football security, ten academic experts in the fields of sports security management, violence and aggression, and sports sociology, and three football experts specializing in organizing matches. Purposeful sampling was used for population selection. The interview data was coded, and two fellow experts verified the validity of the coding by reviewing and checking the accuracy of the extracted codes and re-coding the interviews.

The police force can be divided into four main categories and nine (9) subcategories; With the titles of cultural context building (cultural planning, cultural content creation, knowledge and awareness raising), cultural acceptability (training of citizens and empowerment of law enforcement forces), control policies (supervisory measures and executive requirements) and communication and interaction management (systematic coordination and cooperation and cross-sectoral interactions); these factors are influential in promoting the culture and etiquette of spectators in football stadiums should play a role.

The police force is one of the main players in improving the space and environment of football stadiums and can reduce the level of violence and aggression of spectators and other people present in stadiums by developing the culture and etiquette of attending stadiums and improving the level of stadium safety and sense of security participants.