فصلنامه مطالعات جامعه شناختی شهری
پیاپی 38 (بهار 1400)

In this study, the welfare status of residents of slums and marginaized areas of the city of Mashhad was investigated and it was hypothesized that the sense of relative deprivation of residents in distressed areas affects the perceived well-being of this group. In this study, the social welfare theory of Keys and Gur and the views of Bella and Chafts on deprivation were used as the theoretical framework. The method of study was descriptive and analytical and the required data were gathered via a questionnaire. The research population consisted of about one million and five hundred thousand people living in the slums of Mashhad, of which a sample of 384 people were selected as the sample by a cluster technique. The results showed that the respondents had a somewhat high sense of deprivation (142.41) and a low level of social welfare (122) and the relationship between items and components of deprivation with social welfare and its dimensions among the sample were significant and inverse. Interpretation of the results of stepwise regression analysis showed that the variables of deprivation of citizenship rights in economic, social and legal dimensions entered the equation in 3 stages and finally explained about 22% of the changes in the dependent variable, i.e. social welfare. Overall, the evaluation of the findings showed that the present research model had a relatively good explanatory and predictive power and in order to achieve sustainable development, the feeling of marginalization should be reduced.

Although the outbreak of corona disease initially had positive environmental consequences, over time, the dramatic increase in corona disease became a serious threat to the environment. Accordingly, using a qualitative grounded theory approach, the present study has analyzed the environmental behavior in the face of corona waste (residues) among the residents of the city of Boroujerd who were over 18 years of age. The sample consisted of 26 people who were purposefully selected. The method of data collection was in-depth interview. During the three stages of coding the text of the interviews, the paradigm model of Grounded Theory was finally extracted. Also, in order to validate the research, the method of "members' credibility" and to measure the reliability, the method of "internal agreement" has been used. The results showed that the two factors "prevention mechanisms" and "treatment mechanisms" have caused the phenomenon of "coronal waste generation" and after its occurrence, actors’ "environmental behavior" was manifested in one of the following types: 1) environment Friendly (responsible), 2) un-environmentalist (careless) and 3) anti-environmental (vandalistic). The prevailing contexts were: 1) demographic characteristics of the individual, 2) health-care-treatment infrastructure, 3) educational infrastructure, 4) corona disease prevalence rate. Intervening conditions were: 1) personality traits of the individual (environmental commitment and sensitivity), 2) social characteristics of the individual (environmental orientations and attitudes), 3) socialization (Environmental knowledge and awareness), 4) Culturalization (environmental norms and values), 5) Government policies (Environmental trust and belonging). Finally, the environmental behavior of actors has two consequences: 1) positive: environmental purification and 2) negative: environmental pollution

This study aimed to design and validate a model of social development utilizing a mixed method in the neighborhoods of the city of Zanjan. In the qualitative part, the data-based method and in the quantitative part, a structural equation modeling method was used with an emphasis on partial least squares approach. The research population of the qualitative section consisted of knowledgeable experts, that is, experts of the scientific community and academicians who have executive backgrounds at the decision-making levels. Targeted sampling method was used to determine the samples of these experts. After interviewing 12 knowledgeable experts, theoretical saturation was obtained and the semi-structured in-depth interview process was completed. In the quantitative part, a causal type descriptive-analytical research method was used via a survey. the research population consisted of the residents of 25 neighborhoods of the city, whose number according to the Statistics Center of Iran in 1397 was 430871 people. Using Cochran's formula and a cluster and purposeful sampling technique, 384 people were selected as the sample. The results of the qualitative section showed that the social development model includes 5 dimensions, 19 components and 52 indicators. On the basis of these 5 dimensions, the impact of social solidarity and harmony, social justice, quality of life, social security, and ethics of social development on social development was tested using structural equation modeling with Smart- Pls software. The results showed that social development was influenced by social solidarity and harmony (8.183), social justice (4.989), quality of life (4.317), social security (4.106), and ethics of social development (8.906).

This study aimed to analyze the impact of the digital city on women's willingness to find a marriage partner through the virtual space in the city of Kerman. 16 female users were selected through a theoretical and purposeful sampling technique. The data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews and MAX Q DA software version 12 was used to process the data. The findings showed that a significant number of users in the virtual marriage sites were married women who used the anonymity of virtual space to their own advantage. After combining, integrating and comparing concepts, Five common categories were found among married and single female users (chat addiction, having limited experience, evading of face-to-face dating, sex as entertaiment). There were also two specific categories of married female users (disguise of marital status and and low satisfaction with marriage) and two specific categories of single female users (sense of freedom and chat as a cure for loneliness). Based on story line by participants, a core category entitled “chat as a resistance shelter of urban momen” was revealed.

The transformations and developments in the field of art and the variations in definitions of art since the beginings of twentieth century have had a significant impact on the aesthetic views of modern human beings. But which fundamental changes in aesthetic approach are at the roots of the transition from past traditional society to today's modern society? The present study, using an analytical-comparative method based on documentary and library information with a sociological approach and the analysis of the creation process and the transition of art from traditional society to modern society, aims to identify the relative causes of the decline of arts in present aesthetics and the reduction of longevity of contemporary art experience especially in architecture. The findings of the study indicate that aesthetics in arts including Iranian art, has gradually departed from the qualitative symbolic and conceptual aesthetics and tends towards a formal aesthetics with individualistic character which lacks referential concepts and has a more superficial perception which consequently leads to a shorter lifetime.

Applying spatial justice, this paper tries to probe deeply into the true nature of objectified culture in Arak. Our ultimate goals are to recognize the position and role of culture in urban planning systems, and also understand the attribution and distribution of cultural applications as the platform for the formation of cultural activities. It also tries to determine the conformity of these spaces with cultural needs and eligibility of citizens. To do so, quantitative and qualitative data are collected and analyzed simultaneously. A survey is conducted to collect quantitative data pertaining to the amount and type of cultural demands and eligibility. Moreover, the sampling methods is PPS. Secondary analysis is used to gather information about the distribution of cultural land use in Arak and GIS software is applied to localize the obtained data. According to the results, the patterns of spatial distribution of culture in the examined areas of Arak are problematic, inefficient and unjust. Additionally, the distribution of cultural facilities in urban areas is limited, inefficient and unequal. Also, there is no significant relationship between public interests and the cultural needs and eligibility of citizens in the urban areas studied

Today, achieving development is one of the goals of all countries. However, studies show that the city of Tabriz has a long way to go to achieve development. The purpose of this article was to identify social variables related to development in the city of Tabriz. The method used in this research is qualitative and data-based. The sample consisted of 45 development specialists and city officials with executive positions. The sampling method was purposive. Research findings showed that the following 5 social concepts had a great deal of impact on the development of the city of Tabriz: "disruption in the channels of socialization", "erosion of social trust", "weak social and political convergence", "weak interaction between parties and intermediary groups with the people", and "the spread of social indifference." Finally, "Weakness of social governance (dysfunction of the social subsystem)" was selected as the core of the research. The findings of this study are consistent with the theories of Giddens, McLeland, Lipst, Hagen and North and the findings of experimental research.