نشریه تغییرات اجتماعی - فرهنگی
سال هفدهم شماره 4 (پیاپی 67، زمستان 1399)

In Tehran, despite the variety of social identities available at the local level. There is a relative social solidarity that in some areas threatens this coherence. The purpose of this research is to "investigate the impat of Awareness on social solidarity in the neighborhoods". In theoretical foundations, related theories are used and, at the end of the research theoretical model is designed. This research was carried out using field studies and survey method. The statistical population of all people over 15 years old in Tehran was 730 as a statistical sample. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire and distributed among respondents after validation and reliability. After data collection, data were analyzed based on inferential statistics and using spss software. The results show that awareness of citizenship rights It has a significant effect on social solidarity. And according to regression in the form of path analysis The goodness of fit of the theoretical model was investigated. In the most powerful effects of social solidarity The direct effect on political rights variables can be as high as 0.23 Legal rights amount to 0. 160 Participation rights at 0/234 and Social rights 0. 172 Impact on social covariate dependent variable, weight 0.337.

Incompleteness Rate of Registered Mortality Data and the Impact of Reform in Life Expectancy Case Study: Ilam Province, Iran 1395 Zeinab Saddoghi ,Alireza Teimouri Ali Pezhhan Abstract One of the most important components of health planning is mortality. For this purpose, the mortality data accuracy has an important role. This study aimed to evaluate incompleteness rate of recorded mortality data and the Impact of reform mortality data on life expectancy in the province of Ilam in year of2016.This is a descriptive and analytical study. To achieve the objectives of this paper, the Brass method has been used on mortality data that recorded to evaluate the coverage in Ilam province,2016.Using brass growth balance method showed completeness rate of mortality data for total, male, female urban and rural population as, 60%, 73%, 47%, 58% and 62% respectively. For the population groups the adjust values are 1.68, 1.38, 2, 1.72, and 1.59 respectively. For the total population, life expectancy estimated as 79.8 and 75.2 before and after adjustment. The trends for males is 78.9 and 75.1, for females are 81.5 and 75.3, for urban are 79.5 and 74.8 and for rural population are 80.1 and 75.9. from the study concluded that the coverage of mortality has an important role in well estimated life expectancy.

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the theoretical model of the relationship between aging and the dimensions of the sociological concept of their religious identity in the statistical community related to sanatoriums of Rasht, in 2019. The present study is a cross-sectional study of statistical methods based on multiple regression models. The statistical population of this study also includes elderly in the sanatoriums of Rasht, which included six sanatoriums: Maloulin, Kowsar, Shalizar, Maryam, Rangin Kaman Zandegi and Mandegar, which were managed around the clock. A total of 603 elderly people lived in those sanatoriums, of which 235 were selected based on Morgan and Chrissy sampling. After distributing the old age questionnaire, the data about the independent variables and the indicators affecting the dependent variable were collected and analyzed based on multiple regression method and path analysis. After testing the variables related to research hypotheses and using appropriate statistical methods, it was concluded that the social isolation variable had the greatest effect on the tendency of elderly people living in sanatoriums of Rasht to their social alienation and religious identity index had the least effect. Indicators of loneliness and depression were second and third. As a result, it can be stated that although elderly people living in Rasht sanatoriums were less inclined to social alienation due to their desire for solitude, depression, and ultimately social isolation, due to the profound influence of religious identity and religious beliefs in God,, they factors did not have much expansion and comprehensiveness;

This study aimed to identify the causes of instability of democratic developments in contemporary Iran. The four waves of transition to democracy in Iran are: the Constitutional Revolution, the Oil Nationalization Movement, the Islamic Revolution 57, and the Reform Movement. But at every turn we are witnessing a fragile democracy. To explain this issue, experts have proposed their views. Samuel Huntington's integrated theory has been proposed as a guiding theory in qualitative analysis by emphasizing the role of leadership ability as a Agency And the influence of the nature of government, civil society and international conditions as structural conditions in contemporary Iran has been proposed as a guiding theory in qualitative analysis. The historical-comparative method with Boolean algebra has been used. The result of the qualitative analysis of this research shows the power of explaining the structural aspect of Huntington's theory. Although the ability to lead and influence the great powers such as the United States, Britain and Russia have been influential in contemporary history, But they have not been a sufficient condition for the consolidation of democracy. In the final analysis, the weakness of civil society and the fragility of the nature of the state (patrimonial, rentier and ideological) are considered as a necessary and sufficient condition for the event of fragile democracy in contemporary Iran.

This study aims to analyze and interpret the identity of students in the city of Hir in Ardebil. The study population included all the first and second grade boys in Hirs city, Of these, 42 students were selected through theoretical sampling and evaluated. The method of research of the thematic analysis in the method of Brown and Clark (2006) has been used as a research method. The findings show that in "student orientation towards ethnicity", most of them (69.05%) have a negative attitude towards their own folk and related semantic elements. In contrast, only 11.91% of them express themselves in a self-defining sense of self-esteem. And the greatest perception of the "other" or orientation of the students studied is with 45.24% of the Tehranians and then the Persians (without mentioning the specific geography) with 40.48%. Students in their characterizations associate themselves with sub-themes: subordinate, traditional and not up-to-date, immoral and personality weaknesses, fear of ethnic self-expression, authoritarianism, poor religion, leisure use, deprivation, rural village Inappropriate, violent, unscrupulous, and so on at the same time, they have introduced the "other" with arrogant themes, escaping the law, and rich jobs, distrustfulness and ignorance of relatives, pleasure, ethics, and ....

People's tendency to risky behaviors is an important social issue that has affected the quality of life of people, social ties, human capital and social health of communities. The aim of this study was to explain the influence of rural sociological factors on the tendency to high-risk behaviors using Durkheim anomie theories, Sutherland differential linkage, Park and Bridges ecology, Hershey social control, Alexander adaptation, Seaman social alienation, Cohen subculture ) Done. The research method is survey type that the data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is all people over 18 years of age in the villages of Rudsar city, which are based on the 2016 census (6205 people). The sample size was determined using Cochran's formula of 400 people. The sampling method is cluster sampling. The research findings showed that the average tendency of villagers to high-risk substance abuse behavior is lower than the hypothetical average. Inferential analysis of the hypotheses confirmed the influence of cultural, social, ecological and individual factors on people's tendency to risky behaviors.

the external business environment is composed of numerous external elements outside the organization and generally business managers are incapable of fully recognizing and exercising control over them. However, this environment and its components influence the decisions of business managers and their performance. In this study, an attempt was made to investigate the effect of the components of the business external environment on the performance of industrial units in Ardabil province. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. The statistical population of this study was all managers of industrial units in Ardabil province. The minimum sample size for completing the questionnaires of this research was 184 entrepreneurs and was randomly selected and the questionnaire was distributed among them. The validity of the research instrument was calculated using the confirmatory factor analysis model and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SMART PLS software using descriptive statistics and structural equation modeling. Findings showed that the business external environment has a significant and positive effect on the production-commercial performance of industrial units. Also, the research findings indicated that the components of political and legal environment, economic environment, cultural and social environment and technological environment have a significant effect on the productive-commercial performance of industrial units.

Markets often provide opportunities for economic development and local employment, as well as the possibility of social interaction and fusion of different cultures. But why are some markets economically and socially successful and growing and others are not? The overall purpose of this study is to choose the most important role as the main issue of research among the components affecting social interactions in traditional markets versus today's shopping centers. The present research is a survey method in terms of cross-sectional time and according to the sample size is a wide-ranging and applied studies. The statistical population of this research is the citizens of Tabriz, Zanjan and Urmia, of which according to Morgan Georgian table 300 The subjects were selected and the questionnaire was completed. Sampling method was available and Cronbach's alpha was used for the reliability of the questionnaire. Design factor, cultural values, location and shopping route had a significant effect on the level of social interaction of people in indoor markets in the three cities. In this study, the role and capability of designing physical environment, functional quality of space and human components in promoting social interactions are confirmed. Common place and identity, people of the market, sense of familiarity, solidarity, relationship between building form, institution and architectural spaces that make up the market, everything tangible and material is so intertwined with spirituality and living in harmony that the two become components of separation They have become impenetrable and have become a whole.

Using drugs and its consequences are included in one of the major social and economic problems in societies. The phenomenon of road accidents and also its causes and consequences, is considered as another problem in our current society. Regardless of the factors such as safety and standard of cars and roads, the human factor is considered as one of the most prominent causes of road accidents. So The purpose of doing this study was to determine the causes of Kerman truck driver’s tendency to drug abuse and also its consequences. The research method is qualitative and the method of gathering information is through interviewing with 20 truck drivers who works in Kerman province that is done through purposeful selection until the conceptual saturation stage is reached. The findings of this study showed that there are such feelings that in this case is a kind of business affinity between drug use and truck driving. This proximity reinforces stereotypes about the need to use drugs to overcome fatigue and increase physical strength. Among the consequences of job proximity in drug use are fatal road accidents, occupational problems and imprisonment.

This study seeks to revisit the structure and architecture relationship to enhance architects' understanding, human perception, and human security by recounting the operating system process for resolving the relationship between architecture and architecture, and to try to explain structural concepts in order to better understand them. Human perception of the environment is one of the most central issues in environmental psychology and a sense of security is a social-psychological phenomenon. They are a process by which human beings select the necessary data based on their needs and direct and indirect experiences of the conditions of the environment around them. Without knowing the effective factors, it will not be possible to provide a sense of social security for people in the community. Was. Architects have always faced the problem of not understanding structural concepts, because concepts that can be applied to the structure of an applied architecture do not exist or are scattered. In this descriptive-analytical research, a survey was conducted with a sample of 78 experts and a sample of 78 people. The results showed that the stability and resistance to psychological and physical security, physical security technology, The geometry of safety, the balance of social security, the integration of physical security, the compatibility of psychological security cannot be demonstrated.