مجله نظارت و بازرسی
پیاپی 55 (بهار 1400)

This study was conducted with the aim of achieving the competencies of the commanders of higher education centers. After studying the verses, narrations and statements of the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces (Modzaleh Al-Aali), the components of the model were classified. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of method. Inferential descriptive statistics have been used to analyze the data. The statistical population of this study is 120 commanders, managers, experts and researchers of the Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The number of statistical samples was determined using Cochran''''s formula of 92 people who were purposefully selected. The tool of this research is a researcher-made questionnaire that was sent to get the opinion of experts. After receiving and applying the opinions, the modified model was given to 110 experts for final validation and a total of 88 questionnaires were collected. The validity of this questionnaire based on the formula of Lauche coefficient is 0.9 and its reliability is equal to 0.95 Cronbach''''s alpha. The results showed that this model has five factors, which according to Friedman test are: value, professional, professional, jihadi and organizational competencies, respectively. The results also showed that the measure of revolutionary spirit is the most important among other measures (the whole model) and the measure of safety and security measures is the least important.

The purpose of this study is to design a pattern of self-developmental behavior.</span></span> This research has been done with a qualitative approach. </span></span></span>Participants in this study are 16 managers and experts of the country's water and electricity industry who are active in the field of technology and human resources and participated in the study through purposeful sampling and theoretical saturation rule. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview and the validity of the interview questions was collected using the participants' feedback strategies and receiving the opinion of colleagues in the research. The method of data analysis is content analysis using coding at three levels: open, central and selective. Findings indicate the identification of four categories of individual development, organizational development, extra-organizational development and self-development strategies, each of which has several components. In the category of individual development, components of self-efficacy, mental maturity, self-awareness, delegation and innovation and in the category of organizational development, components of organizational support, organizational trust, flexible structure, teamwork, in the category of extra-organizational, components of social culture, stability and resources Necessary and identified in the category of self-development strategies, components of education, talent development, succession and the path of career advancement. The results showed that self-efficacy, organizational support, succession and career path are the most important components of self-development behavior in the country's water and electricity industry.

The purpose of this study is to design a model to determine the effective factors in the occurrence of corruption and to investigate the role of organizational oversight and transparency in its prevention. The research is applied in terms of purpose, method and method. The statistical population in the qualitative section of 16 experts are aware. Section data were obtained through interviewing, identification, and the Delphi method. In the quantitative part of the statistical population, 4700 people working in the Social Security Organization are in the branches and medical centers of Tehran and Tehran province. 355 samples were selected using Cochran's method and confirmatory factor analysis and structural equations were used to analyze the data. During the identification process, 134 initial concepts and after the Delphi method, 90 indicators were extracted in two axes. Then, the initial model of the research design was evaluated and confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis methods and structural equations. Interpretation of the results of path analysis shows that the organizational factor has the greatest impact on corruption. Environmental factor has the second rank and individual factor has the third place in the spread of corruption in this research. Indicators of weak supervision, weak risk of crime detection, collusion and superiority of individual interests over public interests, distance from spirituality (extreme materialism and luxury) are among the factors that play a major role in corruption. Periodic and random monitoring and inspections can increase the risk of crime detection in organizations and make the organizational environment unsafe for any violations and corruption. And corruption was curbed.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of organizational commitment, Islamic work ethic, work alienation in relation to job satisfaction and the organization with the possibility of breaking the law of employees. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey method. The study population was all employees of government offices in Najafabad city. Morgan table was used to determine the sample size and 331 people were determined. Of these, 306 members of the statistical community answered the questionnaire. To measure the research variables, the standard job satisfaction questionnaires of Minnesota Weiss et al. (1967), Sims satisfaction (2002), Banai and Russell job alienation (2007), Allen and Meyer organizational commitment (1993), Islamic work ethic and lamentation, respectively. Et al. (2015) and Five Ethical Troubles / Problems were used in the form of six Sims (1999) scenarios to investigate the possibility of breaking the law. The general research model approach has been structural equation modeling with partial least squares (PLS) approach and WarpPLS software. Findings show that job satisfaction and satisfaction with the organization have an inverse effect on work alienation. Job satisfaction and organizational satisfaction have a direct effect on organizational commitment. Organizational commitment has the opposite effect on work alienation; But organizational commitment does not affect the likelihood of breaking the law despite being reversed. Job alienation predicts and has a direct effect on employee law-breaking. Islamic work ethic as a moderator variable has been able to reduce the effect of organizational commitment on work alienation at the level of 99% (β = 0.25 and P <0.10) and also the effect of work alienation on the probability of breaking the law at the level of 95% (0.17 - = β and P = 0.04).

In this research, the most important techniques of preventing the situation of military armies were tried. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in a descriptive-analytical manner. The data were prepared using a library study and by censoring and referring to legal sources and internal documents and were reviewed and evaluated. Due to the lack of a proper criminal policy against economic crimes, especially the military, this crime has grown in the armed forces in recent years, and until this problem is resolved, it requires the help of various solutions, including prevention. Among the most important consequences of this crime will be the loss of public trust in the armed forces, followed by numerous injuries and the possibility of security breaches and the failure of the armed forces in strategies and missions. In order to control and reduce the crime of bribery, various preventive measures should be used, including preventive measures such as increasing the desired effort (effort) that is necessary for bribery; These include increasing the risk of bribery, reducing the expected gains from bribery, or eliminating excuses or eliminating factors that motivate or encourage a person to commit bribery.

Under what conditions do people support police use of force? In this paper we assess some of the empirical links between police legitimacy, political ideology (right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation), and support for ‘reasonable’ use of force (e.g. an officer striking a citizen in self-defence) and ‘excessive’ use of force (e.g. an officer using violence to arrest an unarmed person who is not offering violent resistance). Analysing data from an online survey with US participants (n </em>= 186) we find that legitimacy is a positive predictor of reasonable but  not excessive police use of force, and that political ideology predicts support for excessive but not reasonable  use  of  force.  We conclude with the idea that legitimacy places normative constraints around police power. On the one hand, legitimacy is associated with increased support for the use of force, but only when violence is bounded within certain acceptable limits. On the other hand, excessive use of force seems to require an extra-legal justification that is – at least in our analysis – partly ideological.  Our findings open up a new direction of research in what is currently a rather sparse psychological literature on the ability of legitimacy to ‘tame’ coercive power.