نشریه جامعه شناسی فرهنگ و هنر
سال سوم شماره 2 (تابستان 1400)

Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used. The required data has been collected, classified and extracted and therefore analyzed by SPSS statistical method. Finally, results indicate night-time indices such as sense of security, access to public transportation, attractiveness and beauty of space, increase hours of activity, as well as the recovering previous use of space. Night can attract people and the dynamics of the space, which reduces social and physical damage and also restores the main identity of the street. Urban deteriorated fabrics is a large part of Iran's cities, exacerbated by the aging of the fabric. Many metropolitan areas in Tehran also face such problems. As a result, the need to organize these urban spaces has become more and more evident, thus by changing lifestyles, residents of cities at leisure, at night and out of work hours, have fun and entertainments that contribute to the liveliness of urban environments. Night time use of space not only does not depreciate it, but the continued presence and activity of citizens makes it more important for people and city managers. This paper, according to the indices affecting night life, as well as the general knowledge of various features of Tehran and the features of the historical range of Laleh-Zar as a case study, is to provide strategies for creating previous use, this is to increase vitality, reduce damage of social and physical education, attract capital and restore main identity of the area. In the present study, two different methods, observation and questionnaire have been used.

Explaining the environmental behavior of Shiraz youth through spiritual healthThese days, metropolitan areas face many environmental problems and Young people, through the role of capable actors in the community, can be the founders of the flow of awareness, positive social movement and appropriate environmental behavior in the field of environment. The aim of this study was to explain the environmental behavior of the youth of Shiraz through spiritual health. The statistical population was all the youth of Shiraz that using Cochran's formula, 400 people were selected as the sample size and selected using multi-stage cluster sampling method.. The research tool was a standard questionnaire that was developed using environmental behavior (Mirfardi etal, 2017) and spiritual health (Poltozion & Elison, 1983). Findings showed a positive and significant relationship between spiritual health and its dimensions (existential health and religious health) with environmental behavior. Among the contextual and demographic variables (level of education, level of education of parents, social class and gender) had a significant relationship with environmental behavior. According to the results of the study, it is suggested to find the identity of young people and increase their spiritual health, thus helping to reduce environmental problems and increase more responsible environmental behavior.

In this article, an attempt has been made to identify and analyze the world of Arak carpet art using Howard Becker’s theory of art world. Becker argues that to understand sociology of art, we must see art as a collective activity. In this article, the issue of collective artistic activity about the art of carpet in Arak region is studied. A qualitative research method was applied using techniques of documentary field studies. Data collection has been done through gathering related documents such as books, and other sources. This was completed using field study including active observation, talking with people active in this field and taking notes. Having several trips to important centers of weaving in the region, we talked to designers, weavers, sellers add experts of Arak carpet. The question asked included subjects such as technical characteristics of weaving, the meanings of patterns as well as beliefs, rituals and social relations in the carpet art world. All these were considered relating to the society and its culture. Study on the three areas of production, distribution and consumption of Arak carpet art world showed that not only carpet production is a collective art activity, but also each of the participants in this art world influences the final product, which is the carpet, and determines its shape and hidden meanings. In addition, this art is not only produced in the society and is therefore affected by it, but also affects it due to its close interaction and close relationship with society.

Safavid art in conjunction with dominant discourses of society become a power tool and in other level it transforms to symbolic violence.in spite of that Safavid era ,many arts, including carpet weaving,were produced in court workshops and were under the direct support and supervision of that. It intensifiers this mentality that court has tried to reflect interests and ideologies on these cultural and social art productions.Motifs,Symbols and signs on urban style carpets reflects dominant discourse, represent the relations in society its value and norms .This new field was one of the strongest artistic fields of era which created potential forms which become active and practical in certain circumastances. The main purpose of this research is to identify discourse relationship on Safavid carpet field , the manifestations of symbolic violence on carpet designing in this era.The research is qulalitative and historical with an analytical descriptive method.it has explained the function of discourse and manifestations of symbolic violence in urban carpet field .The theory used is pierre Bordieu’s symbolic power Theory.This method helped us understand special superviosion and attention to quality and production and usage of culture and art by Safavid to develop and deepen its discourses has led to formation of specialized fields in various fields especially new field,Symbolic violence is also the result of the formation of this specialized and allows the artist to create art in a way that conditions of the field of power require.

The purpose of this article is to study the social and cultural status of Iranian women in the Qajar era (1789-1925). This study has been done by historical method. The findings of this study indicate that Qajar society was a completely patriarchal society. Patriarchy had caused that women do not have equal opportunities with men. Women as a social class were completely dominated by men. In the street, in addition to the women's tent) chādor(, they also had to cover their faces. Therefore, their faces should not have been seen. This type of coverage was mandatory. Women did not have the right to choose their clothing. They were not allowed to talk to men on the street. Urban women were not allowed to work outside the home. They had no independent income. Also, girls did not have the right to education. Schooling was forbidden for girls. While the boys could go to school. As a result, women's cultural and economic capital was very low. By the end of the Qajar period, the literacy rate of Iranian women was less than 3%. These conditions made women lower position than men.

This research is an attempt to analyze critically the green politics as the basis of the approach of environmental associations to the ecosystem. This attempt is done through relying on the concept of consumer culture and its role in destructing ecosystem in contemporary world. The main argument is that environmental associations neglect the role of global capitalistic mechanisms when analyzing the causes of environmental crises and its solutions. Hence, they fall into the trap of a marginalist cult due to concentrating on particular and contextual phenomena. From the viewpoint of this research, the destruction of nature in contemporary era is something deeply related to social and political conditions, and this relation can only be explained through analyzing texts, documents, attitudes and activities of activists of environmental associations. The field of study is Chya Green Organization in Mariwan. The data are gathered in two levels: texts and documents produced by Chya and interviews with active members of this association about their attitudes and behaviors towards environment. The first data are analyzed by way of symptomatic reading and the second data through thematic analysis. The findings show that culturalization, violence, management, human rights, nostalgia, ecotourism, Zagros, Zaribar and campaign are among the most prevalent signs in texts and documents produced by this association. Also, constitutionalism, identification and realism are the central themes as to the green politics of Chya.