فصلنامه مدیریت اسلامی
سال بیست و نهم شماره 2 (تابستان 1400)

Researchers in the field of management and leadership believe that the most important leadership skill involves the power of influencing people and the ability to help achieve goals. Relying on the same power of social influence, martyr Ghasem Soleimani succeeded in arriving at the position of the most popular political and military figure in the country at the public level, the axis of unity, and the center of gravity of all streams of the Resistance Front at international level, and changing regional equations in favor of the resistance. Hence, from this perspective, social influence can be regarded as one of the components of leadership in the General Soleimani’s school. As a result, the researcher is making an attempt to explain the dimensions and components of social influence in this school through thematic analysis by analyzing 12 interviews, lectures and documents related to his leadership and management style. An analysis of the results showed that the possibility of social influence in Shahid Soleimani’s school is based on “sources of influence”, which is the product of the power of social authority, credibility and attractiveness. Realization of influence is based on six “strategies of influence” including the creation of drivers on the basis of inspiring aspects, understanding the needs and interests of the audience and addressing them, drawing kindness and affection, participatory management and decision-making, populism and constructive interaction with different groups of people, and progressive leadership. This process of influence has led to the “outcomes of influence” at four levels.

If the Jihadi management, as a successful indigenous management style in different areas of politics, defense, culture and construction in the first step of the Islamic Revolution, is used as a reproducible model, it can be very helpful in the second step of the revolution. A very successful experience in this field involves the megaprojects and services in Khatam al-Anbia construction headquarters. This study is mainly intended to design a model for Jihadi management in construction activities. Having reviewed the theoretical literature and the background of the subject, the researchers identified the variables affecting Jihadi management through thematic analysis and the opinions of experts, which resulted finally in 22 variables adding to interpretive structural modeling. These variables were classified and stratified at different levels according to their influence and dependence. In order to test and confirm the model, the researchers employed Micmac analysis and Dematel technique. The results revealed that the only component of La Ilaha Illa Allah (there is no god except Allah) is the basic principle and root of Jihadi management model. Four components of value-orientation, belief-inclination, knowledge-orientation, and Jihad-orientation formulate the intellectual and philosophical foundations of this approach. The second level, Jihadi management, includes seven components of mission-orientation and idealism, duty and result orientation together, holistic vision and practice, beyond contraction look, beyond party perspective, people orientation and relying on personal, ethical, and revolutionary characteristics. The third level contained four components of localization and self-sufficiency in science and technology, focus on bottlenecks (using all capacities), focus on implementation of the value chain (discovering and facilitating capacity), and using industry and universities in construction and adopted strategies. The fourth level of the model contained three components of overcoming obstacles and limitations (overcoming sanctions, monopolization, and breaking the deadlocks), environmental management, agility, mobility, and results. The fifth level, included three components of progress (line breaking), propulsion (acceleration and short-jump movements). Leaving everlasting effects and modelling contained the   sixth level of Jihadi management.

Motivated human resource is an influential factor in the survival, dynamism and fulfillment of the policies and goals of the organization. It is essential to understand the dimensions of human beings before taking any action in the field of motivation. Due to the differences between Islam and the West regarding the dimensions of human existence, Islamic countries and organizations need to design indigenous and Islamic models to motivate Muslim human resources. This research is intended to design a contextual model of employees’ motivation, and to design a process model of employee motivation from the viewpoint of Imam Ali (as). This applied research is an exploratory and basic one which follows grounded theory for collecting the data for designing contextual and process models of employees’ motivation based on documents, books and articles about Imam Ali’s  way of life. Kappa’s index was employed to validate the model, which resulted in the confirmation of both models. The results showed that the contextual model of human resource motivation based on the life history of Imam Ali (as) contains 23 indicators, nine components and three dimensions (spiritual, psychological and natural needs).  The process model of human resource motivation includes dimensions of causal conditions, intervening conditions, contextual conditions, category orientation, strategies and outcomes. It is expected that the findings of this study can pave the way for managers in motivating employees in the Islamic societies.

The purpose of this study is to design a conceptual framework for religious buffering in organizations. Religious buffering is a new term, the inefficient literature on which led the researchers to conduct in-depth interviews with 13 academic experts in the field of theology and organizational behavior management through a grounded theory for proposing a comprehensive and coherent model of the issue. The validity of the interview protocol was confirmed by measuring the face validity and content validity, and its reliability was achieved by agreement between two coders. Clarifying the nature of religious buffering, the final model distinguished the causal, underlying and intervening factors which influence this method and introduced strategies and positive consequences of the fulfillment of religious buffering along with its negative consequences. The results revealed that religious buffering contains a multifaceted concept identifiable at four mental, functional action level, social action level, and functional levels. It was also found out that the religious buffering is composed of specific factors which are predictable to some extent. Finally, this study introduces strategies of the performance of religious buffering and its context and consequences.

One of the problems in identifying the competencies that organizations face involves the selection of a concept model or a comprehensive, accurate and in-depth framework of organizational competencies. This research is intended to design a competency model for the servant helpers of Astan Quds Razavi, which has not been dealt with so far. In this regard, an extensive study was carried out regarding research literature, and a large amount of data was collected through interviews with servant helpers, experts and responsible managers in Astan Quds Razavi. Having reviewed the interviews and the related documents several times, the researchers analyzed the data on the basis of the grounded theory (covering all five steps of identifying and classifying data). In the next stage, based on the results of analyzing the interviews and the theories and scientific findings, the dimensions and components of the competencies of Astan Ghodsar Razavi's servant helpers were identified. four types of competence including sincere Jihadi service, individual competencies, interactional competencies, organizational competence were identified. Finally, the competency model of the servant helpers in Astan Quds Razavi was designed.

This study is aimed at explaining the organizational spirituality excellence model with emphasis on Islamic teachings, as well as providing solutions for spiritual excellence in the Health Insurance Organization of Iran. Employing mixed method, this study intends to identify the components of the model of organizational spirituality excellence and their relationships through an Islamic approach. Using the data gained by the interviews and the opinion of experts through thematic analysis, the dimensions of the model of spiritual excellence in the organization with an Islamic approach were identified. Then, the leveling of the criteria of the model of organizational spirituality excellence was performed with an Islamic approach. This was fulfilled by distributing the questionnaires among the members of the Health Insurance Organization of Iran. Thematic analysis method finally resulted in 53 basic themes, eight organizing themes and three comprehensive themes. The findings of the content analysis indicated that the main components of the model of spiritual excellence in the organization with an Islamic approach includes moral Islamic virtues, the organization's knowledge foundations, adherence to ethical principles and conscience with regard employees, the organization's performance with an Islamic approach, and the spiritual atmosphere affecting the organization's performance. Stakeholders are justice-oriented and the cultural and spiritual growth and promotion of employees are considered. The results of structural equation modeling revealed that epistemological foundations mostly influence the process, and organizational performance with Islamic approach stands at the highest dependence.