نشریه برنامه ریزی و توسعه گردشگری
پیاپی 37 (تابستان 1400)

This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of survey method at the exploratory level and is based on a futures research approach. Due to the nature of the research, first 25 experts, specialists and executive officials were selected as the sample population and then according to the Delphi method and documentary studies, key driver forces were determined. In the next stage, structural analysis method and Micmac software were used to weigh and identify the most important key driver forces affecting the formation and development of business tourism in Dehshikh-Sigar commercial area. The results showed that among the studied driver forces, the most effective are related to economic, advertising, marketing and information, planning-management and socio-cultural driver force, respectively, which are the coefficients extracted based on the structural model of the research, respectively for each, it is 87, 85.71, 75.15 and 69.38. The results also showed that among the 51 factors studied, 20 key driver forces including: proximity to maritime borders, proximity to commercial markets in the southern Persian Gulf countries end etc. in The formation and development of commercial tourism in the Dehshikh-Sigar region are influential.

The present research is a practical study in which a descriptive-analytical method was utilized. Data was collected via evident methods and field work (questionnaires). The statistical population included foreign and domestic tourists who visited the summer residency of the Qashqai community in the summer of 2017. The statistical sample size was calculated to be 322 based on the Cochran formula, and questionnaires were distributed and completed based on the available sampling method. In this study, Cronbach’s alpha test was employed. Cronbach alpha values of 818% and 873% were obtained for pull and push factors, respectively. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics including the use of means, standard deviations, percentage, T-tests, the Friedman test, one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The results of the study demonstrated a significant difference between push and pull factors. Amongst the push factors of motivation, in order, the highest ranked motivators were experiencing the Qashqai lifestyle, enjoying life for one night amongst the nomads, and exploring new places. Amongst the pull factors, the attractions of traditional nomadic clothing, music and dance, and a secure destination were the top four motivators, in order of priority.

The recent crisis of the Covid-19 virus has severely affected all of the world's tourism destinations, including Iran,Therefore, the present study aims to develop and explain the Murphy three-stage model (before the crisis, during the crisis, and after the crisis) in order to manage the crisis in Iran s tourism industry. Accordingly, this research has been done by using a qualitative approach and using the content analysis method (theme), and using the opinions and views of 24 experts in various fields of tourism. The findings of the interviews are categorized into three levels of open source, axial, and selective by MaxQDA software. As a result a strategic model that explains the management of the tourism crisis in three stages based on the objectives, strategies, and specific actions. Based on the findings of this study, appropriate goals and strategies in the three stages of this research, respectively: pre-crisis stage, prevention goal and its strategies of preparation and empowerment; The crisis phase, the purpose of managing its effects and strategies, action/reaction strategies and damage reduction; And in the post-crisis phase, the goal of revitalization and promotion and its appropriate strategies is to review marketing, financial management / operational efficiency and business resilience.

This study was conducted with the aim of leveling the provinces of the country in terms of having the main tourism facilities and infrastructure and their optimal distribution in terms of number and variety of services and facilities to provide services to tourists and study the spatial-physical system of tourism industry. This research is an exploratory study that has been used to level the provinces of the country using the FANP and VIKOR models. Based on the research findings, the provinces of the country were classified into 5 groups with very high to very low in terms of number and variety of communication network facilities and infrastructure. The results show that the government as the main policy-maker of tourism development in the field of spatial-physical planning and planning approach to the tourism industry in the provinces, has not been successful and has caused an unbalanced development so that the concentration of tourism facilities in some provinces and shortage They are quite evident in some other provinces, so the need for various services in the field of tourism, distribution of various facilities and infrastructure in the provinces to cover all types of needs of tourists is very important and vital.

Creative tourism is a new and promising genre of tourism that is increasingly prevalent in the global tourism market. . Although cultural tourists are increasingly trying to actively experience cultural events and engage directly in creative activities, empirical knowledge about creative tourists is limited. The purpose of this study is the phenomenology of the lived experience of creative tourists with a focus on nomads in Kerman province. The statistical population of this study is international tourists who have visited nomadic areas in Kerman province. The sample members were selected using the snowball sampling method. Research data were collected using semi-structured interviews. After eleven interviews, theoretical saturation was obtained. The seven-step Clays method in phenomenological research method has been used to analyze the data. Also, by referring the participants to the interview again and obtaining their agreement, the validity of the obtained results has been checked. In the end, four general themes of creative tourism typology, tourist-oriented behaviors, experimental lifestyle of creative tourists and the characteristic of creative tourism destination were obtained from twelve clusters.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the physical challenges of tourism development in rural areas using the basic theory in the target villages of tourism in Zanjan province. The present research is in the group of qualitative research in terms of purpose, development-application and in terms of paradigm, and in terms of method, it has used the basic theory. Library documents, photographs and videos, in-depth interviews, and direct and non-participatory observations were used to collect information. The statistical population of this study is the local managers of eight villages targeted for tourism in Zanjan province. The collected data were analyzed through content analysis. By linking the codes (open coding), concepts (axial coding), categories (selective coding) and validation of the concepts obtained from the focal method research by experts, the conceptual model of the research was drawn and the approval of experts validated the model. . The results show that the target villages of tourism in Zanjan province face physical challenges such as the destruction of the traditional texture and architecture of the village, environmental issues, lack of facilities-services, weakness of infrastructure and transport fleet. Recognition of the situation, capabilities,s.

The idea of community-based development has long been emphasized by experts, but its acceptance in tourism is relatively new. Due to the fragmented nature of the tourism sector, it is thought that achieving the participation of stakeholders of target community, is very difficult or impossible. Therefore, identifying and classifying barriers can provide the necessary basis for interaction and participation of stakeholders as much as possible. First, by examining the theoretical foundations, barriers to stakeholder participation in tourism programs were extracted. Then, with the participation of 10 experts, localization was performed and the importance of the obstacles was determined. With the help of interpretive structural modeling approach, the relationship between structural relations and the DEMATEL method was obtained. Scattering and lack of stakeholder interaction, inadequate stakeholder analysis, divergent perspectives and priorities, differences in stakeholder policies and procedures, lack of coordination among stakeholders, limited resources, lack of sustainable development plans, lack of community participation, lack of consensus on plans and delays In the programs, the main obstacles are the participation of the stakeholder community in tourism programs, in which the dispersion and lack of interaction of the stakeholders has had the greatest impact and the limited resources have had the most interaction.

By using the domestic tourism industry, governments try to create and improve domestic infrastructure, economic prosperity, create jobs and reduce poverty in different regions of the country. Due to the importance of this industry, in this study, the income and price effects of increasing fuel prices in the domestic tourism industry along with the two economic variables of real exchange rate and household income have been examined during 1387Q1-1398Q4. Given that the effect of macroeconomic variables on each other depends on economic conditions and economic conditions change over time, in modeling these dynamics have been taken into account and the model of state and space has been used. The results of estimating the study pattern show that real exchange rate, real GDP and gasoline price have a significant effect on the number of domestic overnight stays. But the effect of cash subsidies paid to households on travel demand is not significant.

IntroductionNowadays, the tourism industry is known as one of the main pillars of economic growth in the world. many countries with different approaches focus on this industry as the main source of foreign exchange income, job creation, social justice, cultural growth, increasing welfare and also as an opportunity for development of private sectors and infrastructure structures. Among these, identify and determine the potential areas for investors is a critical condition in tourism development. To achieve this goal, its necessary to prioritize these potential areas based on various criteria, including the identification of superior tourism areas in terms of investment priorities.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of responsible tourism components in the development of sustainable tourism in the coastal city of Bahnmir. The research method in this research is documentary and descriptive-analytical. In the first stage, it studies and explains the components of tourism responsibly. The method of collecting research data in relation to the theoretical foundations of research, recognition and analysis of documentary and library data and in relation to the study of the sample is field studies. A questionnaire was used to collect field information. The statistical population was distributed to 50 people in the form of snowballs and targeted. IPA technique has been used to analyze the data and measure the importance and performance of the indicators. The results of the research showed that the mean values ​​and performance of all responsible tourism indicators are negative values; This means that the current performance of these indicators in relation to sustainable tourism in the coastal city of Bahnmir is not favorable and they have a significant gap with their importance. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainability in coastal tourism in Bahnmir, it is necessary to pay attention to the components of responsible tourism.

The purpose of this study, which is descriptive-analytic and survey method, is to investigate the tourism sustainability of Tabriz and its effective factors. The statistical population of the study consisted of three groups of tourism stakeholders. 380 citizens (family caretakers) were selected by stratified random sampling method and were asked to use the Cochran formula. Also, 100 tourists as well as 50 experts were randomly selected as sample and information was gathered using the research tool. The tool used in this research is a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity has been formally (formal) and structural and its reliability has been confirmed using combination reliability. Analysis of the data was done through correlation analysis and structural equation modeling using SPSS and Smart PLS software. The results indicate that tourism dimensions and indicators are more stable than other dimensions, and tourism in Tabriz has a moderate level of sustainability. Also, the structural model showed that security, advertising, infrastructure, welfare factors and human resources management variables have positive and significant effects on the status of stable tourism development in Tabriz city in terms of three groups of citizens, experts and tourists.

AbstractThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of the dimensions of tourism marketing mixed in creating and enhancing tourists' desire to choose Hormoz Island as a tourist destination. The present study is descriptive and correlational in terms of purpose and method of research. The statistical population includes all domestic and foreign tourists who have visited the attractions of Hormoz Island at the time of the survey. Sampling method was available and 384 subjects were selected. Data were collected using a closed-ended questionnaire and data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modeling with the help of Smart PLS software. The findings of the study showed that tourism marketing mix dimentions is generally effective on the behavioral intentions of tourists, but the effect of the process element on the behavioral intentions was not confirmed.

Ecotourism is one of the sub-sectors of the tourism industry that has created many attractions in the use of space and features of the rural environment for tourists. Ecotourism has always been considered with various functions in promoting economic, socio-cultural and environmental indicators of the host region. Entrepreneurs need to identify the risks of the industry and improve their resilience in order to survive and thrive in complex economic conditions. The purpose of this study is to design a strategic resilience model for ecotourism businesses in border areas, which was done using the grounded theory method. The statistical population consisted of 18 key experts and informants who were purposefully selected. Data collection was performed using in-depth interviews and the extracted concepts were analyzed in three steps of open, axial and selective coding,. The results include entrepreneurial awareness, discovering and creating ecotourism opportunities, entrepreneurial mindset, strategic vision, creative and innovative atmosphere and social exchanges of the local community with strategies such as creating virtual networks to introduce ecotourism businesses, improve skills, branding, rebuild the business model and create a competitive advantage can be the sustainability, resilience and flexibility of ecotourism businesses, development of social activities, sustainable security in border areas