International Journal of Health Studies
Volume:8 Issue: 1, Jan-Mar 2022

The lifestyle behaviors such as consumption of fruit and vegetables, along with time spent in physical activities and screen time are crucial for weight management, and improving these behaviors may be a key role in increasing mental health. This study aimed to investigate the role of lifestyle behaviors on depressive symptoms in children during the Covid-19 pandemic.

This was a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included male and female elementary school students (grades 4-6) in public schools in the eastern cities of Mazandaran province in 2020, among which 530 people were selected by random cluster sampling. Data collection tools included questionnaires of children's physical activity, fruit and vegetable consumption, children's depression, Screen time, and socioeconomic status. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Spearman correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression tests.

The findings showed that just 13.3% of children had sufficient consumption of fruits and vegetables and 57.6% of students sufficient physical activity did not have.in addition, screen time was increased with age and be more in females. Regression analysis showed that the consumption of fruits and vegetables and physical activity both have the inverse effect on depressive symptoms, with the coefficient of effect -0.191 and -0.21 respectively; while screen time has a positive effect with an effective coefficient of 0.25 (Pvalue<0.05).

It seems that in addition to physical activity and consumption of fruits and vegetables, the important role of Screen time in the design of interventions to promote mental health in children, especially during the outbreak of Covid-19 should be considered.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness training on reducing social anxiety and increasing the self-esteem of students with learning disabilities.

This study was a quasi-experimental trial with a pretest-posttest design along with a control group. The statistical population included all male students with learning disabilities in the 2018-2019 academic years, in the fourth to sixth grades of Isfahan. The sample consisted of 30 people who were randomly divided into two groups of control and experimental (15 people in each group). The research instruments included the Libovitz social anxiety questionnaire and Cooper-Smith self-esteem questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22 according to the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA).

The results showed that mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was effective in reducing social anxiety of students with learning disabilities (Pvalue<0.01). Also, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy was effective in increasing the self-esteem of students with learning disabilities (Pvalue<0.01).

Based on the results, mindfulness-based cognitive therapy can reduce social anxiety in students with learning disabilities and increase their self-esteem.

Despite available trauma scoring (TS) models, considering the setting characteristics and feasibility issues, there may be a need to select, develop or adapt a trauma prognostic model to ensure higher efficacy and system compliance. Upon a national demand, this study aimed to develop a trauma prognostic scale (TPS) in compliance with the Iranian health care system.

A 7-phases methodology will be applied to conduct this study as following; 1- Identification of trauma severity parameters and scales predicting mortality from literature, 2- Developing a data collection tool for research data collection), 3- Data collection in selected clinical settings, 4- Statistical modeling, 5- Model adaptation with three levels of trauma care settings including pre-hospitals, general hospitals and trauma specialty hospitals, 6- Scale-up and extrapolation, and 7- Comparison with international models and selection of Iranian national model.

The content validity of the tool was confirmed with a total scale-level content validity (S-CVI)=0.93. The reliability of the final instrument was calculated using the Pearson correlation coefficient and the Spearman correlation was evaluated above 0.7 for all cases. Up to date April 2020, From the hospital of the study, 210 patients participated in the study. The mean and standard age deviation of patients was 35.18±18.44 and 165 (78.57 %) of these patients were male. The most important cause of trauma in patients was a motorcycle accident (27.62 %).

We expect this methodology is satisfied with developing TPS prototypes appropriate for implementation in the Iranian trauma care system.

Recognizing the effective factors in marital relationships, control and manage them are among the crucial methods in solving marital problems and achieving marital satisfaction. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of stress management training on communication skills and attribution beliefs on women with adjustment disorders.

The research method was quasi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design and a control group. The statistical population included all women with adjustment disorders who were referred to the psychological clinics of district 1 of Tehran in 2020. Thirty women who were willing to participate in the study were selected as the sample using convenience sampling and randomly divided into experimental and control groups (n=15 per group). The experimental group underwent eight sessions (90 minutes sessions per week) of stress management training. The follow-up was performed after 60 days. The research instruments included the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), the Relationship Attribution Measure (RAM), and the Jarabak Communication Skills Questionnaire (JCSQ). Data analysis was conducted using repeated-measures ANOVA.

The results indicated that stress management training improved communication skills and attribution beliefs in women with adjustment disorders (Pvalue=0.0001).

Stress management training can be recommended as an intervention program to improve the quality of life of women with adjustment disorders.

Life satisfaction is one of the predictors of one’s psychological health which has attracted researchers’ attention. The study aimed to investigate the association between social factors and life satisfaction of high school students in Semnan Province, Iran.

The statistical society of the research includes all high school students of Semnan Province, between the ages 12 to 17, in the 2019-2020 academic year. The number of students in this statistical society was 45834 students. The sample size of the statistical society was estimated as 381 students by the Cochran formula. In the present research, one of the limited probability sampling methods, that is multi-stage cluster sampling, was used. The tool used for data collection was a questionnaire. For answering the questions and analysis of the hypothesis, the Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman correlation coefficient, and Regression analysis for answering the research questions and analysis of research hypothesis were used. The software used for data analysis was SPSS V25. The statistical significance was set at 0.05.

The findings of the research shows that there is a significant relationship between all social factors and the level of life satisfaction of high school students in Semnan province (P>value0.05).

Considering the results of the study, it seems that life satisfaction among students is not made by a single cause; so different factors can bring about and improve such variables. Therefore, all capacities have to be used to create life satisfaction in high school students.

Consumption of fruits and vegetables is associated with reduced occurrence of mortality stemming from a variety of chronic diseases. This study, employing the environmental model of health behaviors, aimed to investigate the perceived barriers to the consumption of fruits and vegetables in middle-aged individuals.

This is a qualitative study of content analysis, conducted through eight focus group discussions targeting middle-aged individuals, and five individual interviews with the key individuals in 2017. A framework of factors altering the nutritional behaviors of individuals who were classified into four levels was recognized via employing the ecological model.

Barriers to consuming fruits and vegetables at the individual level included beliefs, nutritional awareness, and eating habits of the past. At the interpersonal level, family and social support were the major barriers. At the community level, socio-cultural values ​​and norms, environmental components such as accessibility, quality of fruits and vegetables, media, and prices were also among the major barriers. At the public policies level, not monitoring the production and supply of quality products were among the barriers the participants stated.

Politicians should weigh upon support programs to reduce the production cost of high-quality fruits and vegetables in low-income communities, and adopt the necessary laws and policies to discuss the production and supply of quality, toxin-free fruits, and vegetables at the macro level.

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of couple therapy based on affective reconstruction, which is one of the special approaches in couple therapy, on marital conventionalization and global distress.

The design of the present study was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the present study was all couples aged 25 to 45 years in district 3 of Tehran who had been referred to Siavoshan and Avaei Daroon counseling centers. 16 couples aged 25 to 45 years in two groups were selected by purposive sampling. All couples in the experimental (n=8) and control (n=8) groups completed the Snyder (1979) married satisfaction questionnaire. The intervention was performed in the form of 15 sessions (1 hour per week) and then in the last post-test session of the subjects. After execution and data collection, data were analyzed by MANCOVA multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSSV19 software.

The results showed that couple therapy based on affective reconstructive approach had a significant effect on marital conventionalization and global distress (η=0.456, F=2.27 (27,2), Pvalue<0.001). Also, the results showed that couple therapy based on emotional reconstruction on marital conventionalization (η2=0.326, F=1.286 (28,1), Pvalue<0.001) and global distress had a significant effect (η2=0.268, F=10.267 (28,1), Pvalue<0.003).

Therefore, educating psychotherapy programs based on affective reconstructive approach and such methods to psychologists, health professionals, couple therapists, and family counselors to improve marital conventionalization and global distress can be effective.

Depression is one of the most common mental problems which is not limited to a certain location or time, afflicting various social and age groups. This study aimed to examine factors affecting depression among women in rural areas.

This study was conducted on an Iranian population residing in rural areas of Iranshahr. The research population comprised all women in rural areas of Iranshahr. Using systematic random sampling, about 6% of the 666 covered villages were selected. Using Goldberg’s standard questionnaire, the data on blood glucose, physical activity, height, weight, and blood pressure were collected using interviews and measurement and analyzed via correlation test and chi-squared test.

In this study, a correlation existed between depression factors and blood pressure, physical activity, blood glucose, economic and family problems of female householders (Pvalue<0.05).

One of the best solutions for preventing depression in women in rural areas is strengthening their economic status. By predicting depression, the emergence of many physical diseases and disorders such as hypertension and high blood glucose can be prevented beyond expectations.