فصلنامه پژوهش های اطلاعاتی و جنایی
سال شانزدهم شماره 2 (پیاپی 62، تابستان 1400)

As there are no certain comprehensive and scientific pattern of crime scene reconstruction and this process is done in a traditional way, unfortunately its results have been led to some errors. So current paper is intended to present a pattern for reconstructing a crime scene using criminalistics approach.

The present study was conducted by grounded theory method. The statistical population was all key informants in the field of study. Using purposive and theoretical sampling, 21 individuals were selected. The tools used for data collection included open-ended questionnaire, in-depth interview and note taking. Data were analyzed using a three-step coding method. Reliability and validity of the study were also confirmed using triangulation and member check techniques.

The findings showed that in the open coding stage, 70 concepts and in the axial coding stage, 16 categories were identified and in the selective coding stage, a three-step model was presented to crime scene reconstruction of homicide with a criminalistics approach.

The pattern developed is a scientific and systematic method for faster and more accurate detection of crime. Based on the findings, it is suggested that the research results to be presented in a training courses for the crime scene reconstruction students and trainees.

Drug trafficking is a complicated social issue of our era which leads to plenty of challenges and social deviations. The current study is intended to investigate the factors affecting the tendency to join organized drug trafficking networks.

This paper was conducted cross-sectional study in 2019. Statistical population included of the number of citizens over the age of 18 in Zahedan was 350،266. The sample size was calculated based on Morgan table 384 people and sampling was done by multi-stage cluster method from Zahedan city. The research tool was a questionnaire whose face validity was examined and Cronbach's alpha was used to ensure reliability.

The findings show that there is a tendency to join the organized drug trafficking networks. The findings of the simple linear regression test showed that the socio-economic status had the greatest impact on the tendency to join. It has drugs in organized drug trafficking networks، and also ethnic-religious divisions have the least impact on the tendency to join organized drug trafficking networks.

Local and governmental organizations in order to combat with organized drug trafficking in the territory of the eastern borders of the country should formulate and implement strategic and executive measures for preventing threats of organized drug trafficking (for cultural, social, economic, political and security development). Therefore, in addition to counter narcotics policies which have been done against this important phenomenon, some opportunities and capacity building must be created so as to prevent membership in drug trafficking networks.

With the development of new information and communication technologies and the widespread use of cyberspace, the need to establish a legal mechanism the field of prevention and combating cybercrime based on the strategic documents of the country and in this study To explain the position and role of organizations and institutions in the integrated management of prevention and combating cybercrime in the of Iran with an institutional mapping approach.

This research is a descriptive method in terms of applied purpose and survey research in terms of data collection. The statistical population of the study consists of experts in the field of management, prevention and combating of cybercrime in 61 organizations and institutions that are members of the Supreme Council of Cyberspace. The tool is a researcher-made questionnaire that after final confirmation of its validity by experts, the reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α=0.854). To analyze the data using descriptive statistical tests, the frequency of contextual variables the study population was analyzed and by performing Friedman test and chi-square test, the data were analyzed and ranked using SPSS software.

Considering the use of appropriate tools and tests, among the organizations and institutions of the country, 35 organizations and active institutions have an effective role in integrated management of prevention and combating cybercrime, which are organized and ranked in three groups: leadership, executor and support.

The results indicate that despite the complexities, interaction and cooperation the cyber environment of the country, 35 institutions and organizations in integrated management of prevention and combating cybercrime have a leading, implementing and supportive role that can be provided by providing executive solutions by creating a coherent plan. Prevent and deal with cybercrime at the national level and be effective in removing existing barriers and preventing parallelism.

entrapment means prposing some crime by the judical authorities. this method is more common in drug crimes. thr purpose of this stydy was to explore how police officer use entrapment in drug crimes.

the present research is descriptive-analytical. in this study more than 1000 votes on drug crime have been collected and studied. we use library resource for analysing.

we studied more than 1000 votes and we find that the police officer use entrapment in most cases and they propose drug with the most serve punishment which would lead to capital pinishment or life imprisonment . in facet they use intrapment for disabling offender and this method violates the human right and the rule of law also this method violates some sacred rules of islam. in fact islam prpose we should Be cautious in some crime that is lead to capital punishment and in this crime if we face with some doubt that crime is not proven also in islamic view Cooperation in the crime is forbidden and it seems entrapment is Some kind of cooperation in the commission of crime and because of this reason The use of entrapment should be prohibited or its scope specified in the law

When a crime occurs, the primary goal of the police is to solve the crime and understand the crime. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of police interviews in solving crimes and promoting the mental health of victims and witnesses. On the other hand, in the present study, cognitive interview protocol was introduced as a way to achieve these goals.

This research was conducted in both field and library. The present study population included all the files and the current interview conducted by the Tehran Intelligence Police (Agahi Shapoor) in the second half of 1997. The sample of the present study included 20 ongoing interviews conducted by the Tehran Intelligence Police in the second half of 1997. This sample was purposefully selected.

In general, the results of the analysis indicated that in routine interviews, police interrogation of witnesses and victims, cases of ideal and desirable interviews such as limited mental resources, consistent questioning of the witness, multiple retrieval, underestimation. There was constructive reminders and active participation of the witness, and the interviews conducted seemed favorable in this regard.

It can be concluded that since victims and witnesses are the most important source for resolving criminal cases, obtaining information from them should be done in a completely professional and highly skilled manner and police investigators should be trained in the best possible way. Therefore, it is necessary for this field to be continuously training, progressing and developing.

Today, collusion in various types of government transactions, including the most important economic crimes, leads to the violation of healthy competition and the occurrence of numerous crimes and violations. The present study looks at the various UN guidelines and the experience of leading countries and the field pathology of the country in order to localize the most up-to-date solutions to prevent corruption and collusion in government transactions.

The method of conducting this research was a combination of descriptive-analytical method in the form of library tools and qualitative field method through distribution of questionnaires among government traders and random sampling method were analyzed.

Determining components such as ensuring transparency, making public transaction information accessible, strengthening competition among participants, resorting to e-government, ensuring transaction integrity and giving a place to outside observers are among the most effective measures to prevent collusion in transactions. The government enumerated. Also, by resorting to the measures of this prevention, it is possible to increase the health of the conclusion of these transactions by anticipating the entry of the orbital stage of the violating regulatory institutions in holding government transactions.

Reactive action only in collusion in government transactions as one of the economic crimes cannot have a significant effect, but situational prevention through the integration of government transaction monitoring and comprehensive legislation in the field of transaction procedures has a special place. Also, the participation of various institutions in preventive measures increases the effectiveness of these measures.

NGOs can also be a source of harm in their activities. This study was conducted to identify the security-law enforcement vulnerabilities of these organizations.

This research varies in terms of purpose, application and in terms of how data is collected. The statistical population in the quantitative and qualitative part includes experts and managers of Pava NAJA and Fateb, in the qualitative part the sampling method is purposeful and in the quantitative part 95 and the sample size is 76 people. The data collection tools are a semi-structured interview in the qualitative part of the interview and a closed questionnaire in the quantitative stage. The validity and reliability of the study is in the qualitative part of the Lincoln and Guba evaluation method and in the quantitative part is the formal evaluation method. Cronbach's alpha test was used for reliability, content analysis was used for qualitative analysis and SPSS statistical software was used for quantitative analysis.

The findings of this study show that the security-disciplinary harms of these organizations are: espionage against the Islamic Republic of Iran, blackening and destroying the international image of the Islamic Republic of Iran, changing the lifestyle of Iranian society from Islamic to Western, ethnic divergent actions - Religion against national security is to strengthen the propaganda of the Western media against the Islamic Republic.

In addition to carrying out constructive social activities, these organizations can also inflict a great deal of security-disciplinary harm on society. Therefore, in addition to coordination and unity of procedure in issuing licenses by stakeholders, the simultaneous use of two elements, training and monitoring the performance of these bodies, is one of the ways to prevent criminal actions of organizations. 

Drug use and its consequences are among the major social and economic problems of societies. The phenomenon of road accidents and its causes and the consequences are also considered as other problems of our current society. The aim of this study was to explain the causes of drivers' tendency to use drugs and alcohol and its consequences.

The approach of this research is qualitative and the method of data theory of the foundation is used as the research method. The statistical population of this study includes interviews with 20 truck drivers in Kerman province. Instead of testing the theory and approving or rejecting it, the theory is presented in a limited way so that a theoretical (analytical) model of the relationship between the family and participants' addiction can be presented in the manner of the Foundation's data processing theory.

The research findings showed that having an addicted person in the family is a condition for intervention and recreational consumption, companionship with addicted people and role modeling, is one of the causes of participants' tendency to use drugs.

The results indicate the effective role of the family in people's tendency to use drugs and alcohol.