Iranian International Journal Of Social Sciences
Volume:8 Issue: 3, Summer 2018

Urbanization is the process in which green space (fields, trees, wetlands, etc.) is converted into black space (concrete and asphalt). Urbanization occurs because people move from rural areas to urban areas. This usually occurs when a country is still developing. Slums and its consequences of overcrowding lack of sanitation, global warming, air pollution, water pollution and loss of forest cover, agriculture land and depletion of wildlife are the major outcome of urbanization. This present study is a quantitative research entitled “People Perception Regarding possible impact of Urbanization on Environmental Degradation in Islamabad”. The environmental challenges are primarily associated with rapid urbanization and this urbanization is mostly unplanned and haphazard and rises to environmental issues such as; pollution, poor drainage system, poor quality of drinking water and hygienic conditions. Researcher collected the data from three different sectors of Islamabad city though multistage sampling technique. A self-administrated questionnaire was used as a tool of data collection. From the investigation of the data it was found that there is a strong relationship between the urbanization and increasing environmental issues in the cities, such as poor sanitation and drainage system, hygienic problems, air pollution and deforestation etc. The results of the research show that there is a critical linkage between urbanization, environment, pollution growth and pollution. Provision of basic facilities in rural areas, awareness campaigns, education, health, food and employment can reduce this problem.

This current article focuses on “relation between human groups and natural disasters. Although natural disasters have caused considerable damages to the human world, but there is not enough research about the family in disasters. Family sociologists believe that changes in population, technology, modernity, politics, and mass media are effect on transforming structures, relationships, and behaviors of family and disasters have not been considered as a changing factor. Family’s transformation in natural disaster is a new topic family relation of family and natural disasters is a challenging subject, because there are obvious differences between this phenomena, and researcher use different conceptual frameworks to explain these. The aim of this research is to answer the following questions: how disasters affect the family? What changes? What strategies and action chosen to cope with these changes? What are impacts of chosen strategies in family life of women? Qualitative methodology of grounded theory is used in the current study .The sampling was purposive and theoretically among the survived women of earthquake who had experienced life after the earthquake in Bam and our technique of data collection was a deep and episodic interview we conducted with 27 Participants and after the data saturation, data’s were analyzed and the findings were discussed. Bam earthquake effect directly and indirectly on Bam families such as :houses demolition, death of family members, loss of income , unemployment, changes in roles and dimensions family, using drug, increasing disagreements and aggressive behaviors in men, reducing sexual ability and increasing the psychological problems.

Correcting criminals and making them back to the society is the ultimate goal of all criminal systems in the world. No country is willing to keep its citizens away from the society due to a crime they commit. One of the main concerns in criminal policy is resocialization of criminals who, after having been punished, have regretted their act and so-called repented and want to return to society but because of the crime they have committed, the attitude of the society towards them has changed and they are mostly trying to reject them. This leads to repentant criminals repeatedly commit more crimes because of their lack of acceptance by the society. In this context, the resocialization approach must pursue specific objectives in criminal policy that will help correct criminals and return to society. Thus, Iran as a country which take steps to reform its laws and remove the gaps and outflows, could somewhat make a breakthrough in rehabilitation and resocialization of criminals, although there are some gaps. Thus, the current paper using a descriptive-analytic method attempts to deal with criminal policy of Iran in rehabilitation and resocialization of criminals and the obstacles there is.

Today in India mostly among the Indian undergrads the use of Social Networking Sites (SNS) has significantly expanded and has unquestionably had broad effects on the scholarly and different exercises of the understudies’ students. These effects are widespread to the point that they grabbed the eye of social researchers around the world. Be that as it may, the scope of studies led to managing the impact of SNS among college students is irrelevant in India. Hence, this study is set in this context, aims in presenting the relationship between the usages of social network education of undergraduate students. For the said reason a survey has been directed among 400-students in various colleges and universities including governments and private’s institutions throughout Mysore and Bangalore cities. The findings of the study recognized the strong relationship between the Usages of Social Network Education and college students in India, and especially in the last decade of 21 century.

This research has been done during two years and with studying and consistent referring to almost thirty villages of region called” Mukerian” located in south of west Azarbaijan Iran. Data’s of this research considering socio-cultural peculiarities of studied rural by using qualitative methods and grounded theory and applying techniques like; deep interviews, oral history and field participation. Theoretically, new theories of modernization and some of theories which related to interpretive sociology have been our guidance and especially Engelhard’s theory of values evolution, new theory of modernization and reflexive modernity of Giddens have formed our conceptual frame work. Anyway, observation, studies and “ lived experience” of researcher shows the happening of different “objective- subjective” kind of changes in the “ life world” of Kurdish rural under influence of environmental conditions, locating in border age and neighboring with Iraq and Turkey, historical, political and cultural conditions of geographical region called” Mukerian”, in different fields; “religious and spiritual values” , all show ”modernizing of rural man .In fact we in one side observing “ creation of some new and modern traditions’ and in the other “ modernizing of some old traditions” in Iranian rural community and so in Kurdistan. All such changes guided us toward our field theory which we have called it “rural pseudo-modernism with Kurdish Iranian characters”.

Entrepreneurship, is an idea and a process in which an individual or group identifies new opportunities and exploits them successfully. Universities as knowledge producing and knowledge distributing institutions play a greater role in industrial innovation. In fact the emergence of entrepreneurial university is a response to the increasing importance of knowledge in national and regional systems of innovation and new perception of the university. The purpose of this study is to explain and investigate the entrepreneurial capacity of University of Mazandaran. From the statistical population of the study 134 specialists and university authorities were chosen as samples, standard questionnaires were used to collect data and data analysis was performed using SPSS and LISREL software. Structural equation modeling results indicated that, generality of the model is approved after correction of fit indices values (RMSEA = 0.056, NFI = 0.91 & GFI = 0.93). The T-student test results revealed that entrepreneurial capacity and its related aspects are inappropriate conditions in the studied university.

The present study is a meta-analysis of the previous studies in the field of social harms. For this purpose the study is presented in two sections: theoretical evaluation and the methodology of studies. In Recent years there has been an increase in the studies related to the field of social harms. Previous studies and statistics show that the high number of addictions, divorce, suicide and change of style is becoming a social and cultural acute problem which needs fundamental reformations. Based on the theory of Klineberg, an individual is affected by the individual culture or the environment’s culture that has a fundamental role in relation to institutes, places and interactive ability and communications and the lack of relationship of individuals with social values results in social harms. Also the general evaluation of referees considered 68.2% of the theoretical and empirical basics, 78% methodology, 50% of the results, 49% of the guidelines as good. Based on the subject of the study about the social harms, some guidelines were categorized for them addressing cultural and social institutes (family), media (educational and religious) and social institutes, etc.