Jorjani Biomedicine Journal
Volume:9 Issue: 4, Winter 2021

Interactive effects of aerobic training (AT) and royal jelly (RJ) consumption is still not well understood in multiple sclerosis (MS). Therefore, the aim of this study was determine the effect of aerobic training with royal jelly consumption on health related anthropometric markers in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) model.

49 EAE induced by complete Freund’s Adjuvant, model female Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to 7 groups: (1) EAE, (2) sham (Sh), (3) RJ50 mg/kg, (4) RJ100, (5) AT, (6) AT+RJ50, (7) AT+RJ100. Also, 7 healthy rats were put in the healthy control group (HC). AT was performed for five weeks, four sessions per week at a speed of 11-15 m/min for 30 minutes and RJ was IP injection for 50 and 100 mg/kg/day.

In the AT, AT+RJ50, AT+RJ100 and RJ100 groups, weight, visceral fat weight and aerobic power were higher than the EAE group (P≥0.05); in the RJ50 group, weight and in the RJ100 and AT+RJ100 groups, BMI was lower than the EAE group (P≥0.05). AT+RJ100 reduced food intake compared to the EAE group (P≥0.05); also, aerobic power in the AT, AT+RJ50 and AT+RJ100 groups was higher than the RJ50 and RJ100 groups (P≥0.05).

Generally AT and RJ alone improved anthropometric markers in EAE model; also interaction of AT and RJ was dependent of dosage of RJ so that the effect of 100 mg/kg dosage was higher than 50 mg/kg.

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, disease diagnosis is essential for optimal management and timely isolation of infected cases in order to prevent further spread. The aim of this study is to assess of predictors of mortality among COVID-19 patients.

In a retrospective study, 522 COVID-19 patients were enrolled in Razi hospital, Guilan Province, Iran. This hospital was the main center for the treatment of COVID-19 patients in Guilan province. Data gathering was performed by census sampling from March to August 2020. Simple and Multiple logistic regression analysis was applied to assess the relationships of clinical and demographic characteristics with in-hospital mortality.

Multiple logistic regression showed that older age (aOR=1.04, 95%CI: 1.02 to 1.06, P<0.001), decreased O2 saturation (aOR=0.89, 95%CI: 0.86 to 0.92, P<0.001), having a dysrhythmia (aOR=2.97, 95%CI: 1.46 to 6.05, P=0.003), symptoms associated with heart failure (aOR=0.43, 95%CI: 0.18 to 0.99, P=0.048), and mixed drug antiviruses (aOR=2.44, 95%CI: 1.22 to 4.90, P=0.012) were mortality predictor variables among COVID-19 patients.

Therefore, special attention should be paid to the factors influencing the mortality of COVID-19 patients. It is recommended that older patients, dysrhythmia, and symptoms associated with heart failure be treated with extreme caution.

Early detection of Internal Root Resorption (IRR) is considered a challenging issue in endodontics. Processing filters are used to facilitate image interpretation either in diagnostic or treatment procedures. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of magnification changes on the detection of IRR in Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images.

In this study, a total of 34healthy single-canal & rooted teeth were split mesiodistally through their medial canal using an ultra thin metal saw (1 mm). Then, absorption cavities were artificially created in both low and high degree absorption forms. CBCT images with three different magnification levels of 50, 100 and 150 were analyzed by one  radiologist and one endodontist before and after artificial cavity creation. Gathered data were analyzed by MacNemar and Kappa tests using SPSS statistical software. Overall accuracy was calculated by the Area Under the Curve (AUC).

Calculated percentages of sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy for the first(with high image magnification) and second (with low image magnification) observer were the same (100%, 88.24% and 94%, respectively) and there was no significance difference between low and high degree of resorption and also different magnifications with reality.

Depending on its method of application, all levels of magnification for CBCT images are suitable in diagnosis of IRR.

Quercetin is a polyphenolic flavonoid compound with a potent antioxidant impact, proposed to make a drastic contribution in treating male infertility. The current systematic review aimed to provide an overview of previous studies about quercetin's impact on male infertility.

Electronic search with MeSH words including Quercetin, Infertility, Sperm, Testicular tissue, and Sex hormones was accomplished in databases Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Wiley, NCBI, and Google Scholar. Finally, 296 articles were recognized during the primary search. A total of 144 papers,passing the analysis stage containing Identification, Screening, and Eligibility were selected for assessment.

Quercetin prevents damage to the testicular germinal epithelium and facilitates the spermatogenesis process by strengthening the antioxidant system, reducing lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress, preventing the expression of pro-apoptotic genes, increasing testosterone and gonadotropins.

In conclusion, the present review showed that quercetin by its antioxidant impacts, can counteract various toxins that induce oxidative stress in the male reproductive system.

The performance of organizations depends on the motivation of each individual to help improve the quality of services. The present study aimed to assess the correlation between job motivation and the motivational priorities of the employees working in hospitals affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 367 hospital staff of Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2016 during nine months. The participants were selected via stratified sampling and simple random sampling using the standard situational motivation scale (SIMS) and Lawrence Lindal motivational priorities. Data analysis was performed in SPSS version 20 using descriptive and analytical statistics.

The mean age of the employees was 26-50 years, and their mean work experience was 11-30 years. In total, 258 participants (68.1%) worked in medical wards. The key motivating factor in the staff was interest in the job (n=84; 19.8%), which was considered the first priority. In addition, a significant difference was observed between the mean job motivation and ethnicity (P=0.012). However, Spearman’s test showed no significant correlation between job motivation and motivational priorities, except for mutual understanding (P=0.049).

According to the results, job motivation was desirable in the studied hospital staff, and the factor of interest in the job was the foremost priority of the staff. Therefore, managers should pay attention to the influential factors in the motivation of their employees.

Decreased life expectancy is considered as a key indicator of human development. Obviously, the increase in mortality, especially in vulnerable groups such as older people, leads to a major disruption in the human development of countries. On the other hand, the destructive social and economic effects of COVID-19 on human life further reduce their life expectancy. Therefore, it is suggested that policymakers and health managers make appropriate decisions such as timely vaccination of older people, future treatment measures, and appropriate behavioral changes to control the disease and improve life expectancy among older people during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Children’s dental fear is one of the most important challenges that pediatric dentistry faces. Several factors play an important role in children’s dental fear. Home quarantine, changes in routine life and economic disadvantages have resulted in emotional changes in parents and children during COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the levels of children’s dental fear, parental anxiety and their possible correlation during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The present cross-sectional study comprised one hundred and four children aged 6-12-year-old and their parents. The level of parental anxiety was evaluated using Spielberger state-trait anxiety inventory. CFSS-DS (Children Fear Schedule Survey-Dental Subscale) questionnaire assessed the child’s dental fear. Independent t-test, ANOVA and Pearson correlation coefficient were used for data analysis.

There were significant correlations between the level of parent’s state and trait anxiety and child’s dental fear (respectively P value=0.009 and P value=0.000). However girls showed insignificant higher levels of dental fear compared with boys (P value=0.175), children younger than 9 years old and children with a previous dental treatment had significantly higher dental fear scores (respectively P value=0.006 and P value=0.002). Age, gender and level of education did not show a significant effect on the level of parental anxiety (respectively P value=0.630, P value=0.874 and P value=0.198).

The study has resulted in a significant correlation between parental state-trait anxiety and children’s dental fear.

The rate of cesarean section has been increasing in many regions of the world, including Iran in recent years. Therefore, the seventh axis of the health system development plan was dedicated to promoting natural childbirth at hospitals of Iran to improve the health of mothers and infants and reduce the rate of cesarean section. The present study aimed to analyze the policy gap of the health system development plan in the axis of promoting natural childbirth.

This cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted in 384 employees, medical staff and physicians in the field of education, health and treatment at Golestan University of Medical Sciences using simple random sampling. The data collection tool included a 35-item researcher-made questionnaire. After confirmation of its validity by supervisors and advisors, its reliability was obtained to be 0.84 by Cronbach's alpha test, indicating the reliability of the questionnaire. We distributed and collected the questionnaires in 6 months from the September to the December of 2020, and analyzed data using SPSS 22.

In the seventh axis of the health system development plan, there was a gap of -0.004 between the current and desired status, indicating that the gap between the current and desired status was close to the center axis and in the field of cooperation in the statistical population of the study.

Implementation of a plan to promote natural childbirth was effective in reducing the rate of cesarean section and encouraging pregnant mothers to give natural childbirth but the effectiveness was not enough to achieve the goals of the seventh axis of the plan. Therefore, the factors, which caused the lack of cooperation between the executive departments of the University of Medical Sciences, must be eliminated for creating effectiveness.