نشریه طلوع بهداشت
سال بیستم شماره 4 (پیاپی 88، مهر و آبان 1400)

One of the most common chronic diseases is diabetes which has attracted the growing attention of the health professionals, and is an appropriate area for assessing the effectiveness of psychological interventions such as motivational interviewing. Therefore, the impact rate of the intervention program based on motivational interviewing in improving the life quality of women with type 2 diabetes was studied.

This was an experimental study conducted in 1394 in Yazd Diabetes Research Center, on 55 patients with type 2 diabetes, who were divided into two groups of case and control. The intervention was based on motivational interviewing, and to understand the life quality, a short scale, 26-question questionnaire on Quality of Life (QOL) was used. After completing the questionnaire, the data were entered into SPSS18 software and analyzed by covariance test.

The results showed that the mean and standard deviation of the life quality's total score in both case and control groups before training were 63.52± 11.34 and 62.93 ±11.40 ,and after training were 78/16±6/94 and 61/77±10/62. The results showed a significant difference in life quality of women with type 2 diabetes after intervention compared to before the intervention. Furhtermore, the results of different areas of life quality showed a significant difference after intervention (p = 0.001).

The findings of this study showed that motivational interviewing improved the life quality and other life aspects of women with diabetes type 2 in the intervention group. It is suggested to use this technique as a complementary approach to improve the life quality of other chronic patients.

High blood pressure is a chronic disease requiring long-term treatment; which despite being asymptomatic, leads to fatal complaints and complications. Therefore, the present study was aimed to determine the effect of the education based on self-efficacy theory on self-care behaviors of hypertensive self-help groups in integrated health service centers in Mashhad in2019.

This was a quasi-experimental study in which 80 female patients with hypertension were randomly divided into the test and control groups. The educational intervention was based on the theory of self-efficacy for the test group. Data collection tools were a three-part questionnaire including: demographic information and a standard questionnaire of self-efficacy and hypertension self-help. Data were analyzed using independent t-test, Mann-Whitney, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Friedman test and repeated measures, and analysis of covariance by SPSS software version 20 with a significance level of 0.05

There was a significant difference in self-efficacy (P <0.001) and self-help (P <0.001) scores and controlled blood pressure between the test and control groups. The self-help score was increased by 0.84 ,which was also statistically significant (p <0.001)

Intervention based on the theory of self-efficacy can be effective in developing self-help and self-efficacy in hypertensive self-help groups. Therefore, it is suggested that this theory be used in educational planning for patients and hypertensive self-help groups

Today, due to the varitey of structures and cultures in organizations, diversity is one of the basic principles in crisis management. The aim of this study was to investigate the managers' perceptions of diversity components regarding crisis management in educational hospitals of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in 2020.

This was a descriptive cross-sectional correlational study. To collect data a reliable questionnaire was used ,which was first used by Jitter based on diversity components in crisis management and a 5-point Likert scale, whose validity and reliability was measured to be (0.95).Because of the limited numberof subjects ,census method(N=90) was used ,and the relationship between the managers' perception and demographic factors were examined using SPSS24 version 24 ,descriptive statistics, as well as Pearson correlation test, variance analysis and independent t-test .

The highest level of managers' perception regarding justice and equity components showed the mean and standard deviation of (3.37 ± 0.64) and the lowest level of the adaptability component showed the mean and standard deviation of (3 ± 0.71), respectively. There was a statistically significant difference between the components of crisis management ,and the components of work experience, age and the type of job. According to the mean obtained, The highest level of importance was given to the scope of inclusion and learning of the program ,and its flexibility was) 3.75 ± 0.99)and the lowest level was considered to be justice and quity in crisis management in hospitals which was(3.44 ±0/83)

Considering today's changes and conditions in crisis management programs, focus on the managers' perception as a diversity component in managing crisis is of great importance ,and it is necessary to design programs based on demographic characteristics.

 Vitamin D is a hormone precursor, which in addition to the known roles, may have an important effect on mental disorders such as depression. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the extent of vitamin D deficiency and depression, and their relationship in thyroid patients referred to the Yazd Diabetes Center Clinic.

This is a cross-sectional-analytical study which was performed on 150 thyroid patients referred to the Yazd Diabetes Center Clinic. Their serum level of vitamin D in blood was assessed using ELISA method and patients' depression level was measured based on Beck Depression Inventory.

In this study, 150 thyroid patients including 55 men and 11 women with a mean age of 41.40± 7.61 participated. The mean score of Beck Depression among these patients was 28.71± 8.34 .The mean level of vitamin D in these patients was 20.58 ± 7.21 ng / ml ,in such a way  that in total ,85% of the thyroid patients were in the group of insufficient levels of vitamin D. A significant negative correlation was observed between depression score and serum level of vitamin D (r = -0.79 and p <0.001).

The results of this study indicate a high prevalence of depression and vitamin D deficiency in thyroid patients. Another finding of this study is the existence of the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and depression, in such a way that the lesser the vitamin D in the body, the higher the rate of depression in a person is. The use of vitamin D supplements in the treatment of thyroid patients with depression, as a clinical trial, can be a good solution in treating the patients.

The body's response to noise pollution is very similar to the way the body responds to stress, which can lead to poor health over time. In this regard, this study was conducted to determine the general health of the elderly and its relationship with traffic noise pollution in Ardakan.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 1399. Participants were 200 elderly people in Ardakan chosen by random sampling. Data were collected through sound measurement with SVANTEK device, General Health Questionnaire 28 (GHQ-28). After completing the questionnaires and measurements, the collected data were entered into SPSS-19 software and descriptive statistics as well as analytical statistics such as Chi-square, regression and analysis of variance were used to analyze them.

The overall average sound level equivalent in decibels at all measuring stations was within the standard range. There was a significant relationship between noise annoyance, the dimensions of "anxiety symptoms  ,sleep disorders" ,and "depressive symptoms" of general health (p <0.001).

People with more noise annoyance experience more anxiety, sleep disorders and depression. Existence of noise pollution levels in the allowable or standard level can lead to the observation of no significant relationship between traffic noise pollution levels and general health. Reducing anxiety, depression and sleep disorders in the elderly is possible with interventions to reduce  noise annoyance in them.

 The global outbreak of the COVID-19 in 2019, and the high mortality rate of the disease call for decision-making and finding a solution to control its spread. One of the most effective ways is to use the COVID-19 vaccine. Due to the limited supply of corona vaccines, the distribution of this vaccine is generally prioritized and allocated among individuals.

 In this descriptive correlational study, GIS, AHP tools, and fuzzy logic were used to achieve the goal of prioritizing and allocating corona vaccine to the neighborhoods in Mashhad. Neighborhoods' prioritization was analyzed in four scenarios including: AHP, WHO guideline, guideline of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran, and localized collective wisdom.

 The output of neighborhood prioritization of the four mentioned scenarios has been specified in five classes. In the AHP scenario, the lowest percentage (8.89%), and in the localized collective wisdom , the highest percentage (42.22%) was allocated to the neighborhoods with the first priority. Regarding spatial distribution, only in the first scenario, some kind of order was observed. Furthermore, there is generally no high correlation between the results , and only the scenario of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the localized collective wisdom presented a correlation of 0.82.

 Considering the COVID-19 vaccine shortage, spatial allocation based on the presented guidelines is a reliable method which can meet the basic criteria for allocating the limited treatment resources, and 180 neighborhoods throughout Mashhad were identified and prioritized with different scenarios which can assist the decision-makers.

Dyes are materials with a complex structure that enter the environment from textile processes such as dyeing and washing. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficiency of the absorption process using Zeolite @ ZnO in removing methylene blue dye from textile wastewater.

 The structure and morphology of nanoparticles were examined using XRF, FTIR and FESEM techniques. Dye concentrations were determined using a spectrophotometer at 664 nm. In this study, the variables of reaction time, solution pH, adsorbent amount, and dye concentration were evaluated. To determine the isotherm and adsorption kinetics, two isotherm models of Langmuir and Freundlich ,and two kinetics models pseudo-first order ,and pseudo-second order were used.

 It was found that optimal conditions were concentration of 50 mg/l, adsorbent dose of 1 g/l, pH of 11, and a reaction time of 60 minutes.  The removal efficiency under optimal conditions for methylene blue was 95.8%.

 The results of the isotherm and absorption kinetics study for methylene blue showed that the adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm and quasi-quadratic kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent was determined to be 384 mg/g using the Langmuir model.

In the Holy Quran, hope, especially hope for the future, has been addressed many times and in different ways. In general, the study of the concept of hope shows that in any case, hope means expecting to achieve the goal accompanied by effort. In recent years, to achieve such a goal, especially in Iran, integrated monotheistic therapy has been used. The aim of this study was to design and validate the Quranic-narrative model of hope therapy with an integrated monotheistic treatment approach.

This is an exploratory, combined-method study (qualitative and quantitative) .The statistical sample in qualitative section consisted of 48 people who were selected by purposive sampling method, and in quantitative section, 313 people were selected by relative stratified sampling method. The research tool regarding the qualitative section , was a researcher-made questionnaire. In the process of the review of literature, hope in Qur'an and hadiths and psychological sources were studied, and the indicators of hope and hope therapy were extracted from this literature. Then, according to the integrated monotheistic treatment models, structures in the form of the treatment processes were defined for indicators. Finally, the appropriateness of the indicators with the structures ,and the structures with the stages of the existing models was measured. Free coding was used to analyze the qualitative part of the information and confirmatory factor analysis was used in the quantitative part of the exploratory factor analysis.

The findings indicate the extraction of the Quranic-narrative model of hope therapy in 4 stages, 8 steps, 15 components and 75 items. Stages and components of the model are: Step 1) understanding the meaning and destination of monotheistic hope (expecting something desirable from God / benevolence from God / peace before God / desire for truth - otherworldly / worldly hope), step 2) determining the paths of monotheistic hope ( positive attitude to solving problems / understanding needs and desires / creating monotheistic behavior), step 3) giving meaning to monotheistic hope (strengthening faith and belief / performing rituals and prayers / hope to attract divine mercy and blessings / hope for piety and divine guidance) ,and step 4) integration of monotheistic belief and behavior (integration of belief and behavior).

Considering the appropriateness of hope therapy models and the model presented in this study, it can be said that the current model is effective in treating despair.