نشریه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
پیاپی 39 (پاییز 1400)

Present study was conducted aimed to determine the effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on emotion regulation and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes.

This study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was patients with type 2 diabetes of Zahedan city in 2020 year. The research sample were 40 people who were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced into two equal groups. The experimental group 8 sessions of 90-minute underwent the intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy and the control group did not see any training. The research tools were the Gross and John emotion regulation questionnaire (2003) and Gebhardt and et al revised health hardiness inventory (2001). Data were analyzed by methods of chi-square, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance in SPSS version 25 software.

The findings showed that the experimental and control groups had not significantly different in terms of age, gender, education, marriage and duration of disease (P>0.05). Also, the groups in the pre-test stage had not significantly different in terms of emotion regulation and health hardiness (P>0.05), but in the post-test stage had significantly different in terms of both variables (P<0.05). In the other words, intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy significantly increased emotion regulation and health hardiness in patients with type 2 diabetes (P<0.001).

Due to the effect of intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy on increasing emotion regulation and health hardiness, planning is necessary for the use of this treatment. As a result, health professionals and therapists can use intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy along with other therapies methods to improve the psychological characteristics, especially improving emotion regulation and health hardiness.

The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the constructive factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents who are members of the centers for the intellectual development of children and adolescents.

This study was applied in terms of purpose and mixed in terms of implementation method (qualitative and quantitative). The research population was in the qualitative section of related documents and texts and experts and specialists in education and training of children and adolescents in Tehran, according to the principle of theoretical saturation, 15 of them were selected by purposive sampling. The research population in the adolescent quantitative section was a member of the centers for the intellectual development of children and adolescents in Tehran in 2020. According to Krejcie and Morgan table, 285 of them were selected by simple random sampling. The research instrument was semi-structured in the qualitative part of videography and interview and a researcher-made questionnaire was constructed in the quantitative part. The psychometric indices of the instruments in both qualitative and quantitative parts were acceptable. Qualitative data were analyzed by open, axial and selective coding method in MAXQDA software and quantitative data were analyzed by exploratory factor analysis in SPSS software.

The results showed that the factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents had 2 dimensions, 6 components and 40 indicators and the factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents had 3 dimensions, 9 components and 42 indicators. Constructive factors include individual dimensions (with 3 components of personal characteristics, power and evaluation) and social (with 3 components of communication, model selection and participation) and effective factors including family dimensions (with 3 components of trust building, support and educational methods), school (with 3 components). The components of empowerment, commitment and vitality) and society (with 3 components of economic factors, cultural factors and psychological factors). Other results showed that the factor load of all items and model fit were appropriate and the effect of all dimensions on the constructive factors affecting the growth of self-confidence in adolescents was confirmed.

According to the constructive and effective factors identified for the development of adolescents' self-esteem, programs can be designed and implemented to improve their self-esteem development.

The aim of this study was the effectiveness of Rossner multisensory teaching method on reducing the spelling disorder of elementary school students in Tehran.

The research design was quasi-experimental and pre-test-post-test with a control group. The statistical population of the study included all male and female primary school students in the third and fourth years of districts 6 and 11 of Tehran in the academic year of 2018-19 with 3123 students, of which 30 were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling. They were randomly assigned to experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15) groups. The research instruments included the Falah Chai (1974) spelling test, Rossner's 9-session training protocol of the multisensory method. Data analysis was performed at two levels of descriptive and inferential statistics using spss-21 software.

The results showed that Rossner's multisensory teaching method was effective on students with spelling disorders (0.05).

Therefore, paying attention to this multisensory method has an important role in improving writing disorder, especially students' spelling.

Multiple sclerosis or MS causes a decrease in positive psychological characteristics, and one of the treatment methods to improve psychological characteristics is solution-focused brief psychotherapy. As a result, the present study was conducted with the aim of determine the effect of solution-focused brief psychotherapy on distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment in M.S patients of Sari city.

The present study was a semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population was M.S patients of member of the Multiple Sclerosis Association of Sari city in 2020 year. Number of 30 people of them were selected by stratified random sampling with using gender ratio and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The experimental group received 5 sessions of 40 minutes the solution-focused brief psychotherapy and the control group did not receive any training. Data were collected with using the distress tolerance scale (Simons and Gaher, 2005), decision-making styles questionnaire (Scott and Bruce, 1995) and social adjustment questionnaire (Weissman and Bothwell, 1976) and were analyzed by univariate and multivariate analysis of covariance methods in SPSS-19 software.

The results showed that solution-focused brief psychotherapy led to promoted distress tolerance, increased rational decision-making style and decreased intuitive, spontaneous, avoidant and dependent decision-making styles and improved social adjustment in M.S patients (P˂0.01).

The results indicated the effect of solution-focused brief psychotherapy on improving distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment in M.S patients. Therefore, the use of this treatment method seems necessary to improve psychological characteristics, especially distress tolerance, decision-making styles and social adjustment.

Considering the importance of parenting stress of mothers with mentally retarded children in their other roles, the aim of this study was determine the effect of family life education on parenting stress components of mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain.

This research was semi-experimental with pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The study population was mothers with mentally retarded children of Rasht city in the academic years 2017-2018. The research sample was 60 people who according to the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method and randomly replaced in two equal groups. The experimental group underwent of family life education for 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any education. To collect data were used from the researcher-made demographic information form and stresses of parenting index (Abidin, 1990) and analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method in SPSS-20.

The results showed that family life education led to reduce the components of parenting stress including feelings of competence, attachment, role restriction, and depression, relationships with spouse, health and social isolation in mothers with mentally retarded children in the parent domain (P˂0.05).

The results showed the effect of family life education on reducing parenting stress components. Therefore, therapists and health professionals can use family life education method along with other educational methods to improve family characteristics.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive-analytical therapy on acute stress disorder syndrome and dissociative experiences of traffic-related injuries.

The research was quasi-experimental with pre-test, post-test and control group design. All the injured in traffic accidents referred to the orthopedic and trauma wards of Haft-e-Tir Hospital formed the research community. Thirty patients with inclusion criteria were selected by the available method and were randomly assigned to the experimental and control groups. Data were collected in addition to the Mississippi Traumatic Stress and Dissociative Experiences Scale. The intervention group received the treatment plan for 16 sessions in 1 hour weekly sessions but the control group did not receive this program. Data were analyzed by t-test (independent and paired) and multivariate analysis of covariance.

Cognitive-analytical program has been effective in reducing the score of acute stress disorder and its dimensions in the subjects of the intervention group (P<0.05). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of dissociative experiences of the two groups in the post-test period (P<0.05).

Research findings indicate the effectiveness of this emerging treatment method. It seems that due to the combination of treatment and the active role of the patient in it, it is more suitable for patients with trauma and stressor-related disorder.

The aim of this study was to determine the difference between the effectiveness of group education of pre-marital counseling concepts based on two cognitive-behavioral approaches and reality therapy on students' own differentiation.

This research is a quasi-experimental research and its research design is pre-test, post-test design with control group. The study population of this study is single students of Islamic Azad University, Imam Khomeini Memorial Branch in Shahreri and the number of samples studied is equal to 45 people. In order to collect information, the Self-Differentiation Questionnaire (DSI) and the group training course on the concepts of premarital counseling with cognitive-behavioral approach and reality therapy were used in 8 two-hour sessions to the subjects. Analysis of covariance was used to analyze the data.

The results show that group training on the concepts of premarital counseling with two conitive-behavioral approaches and reality therapy on increasing the differentiation of students themselves was significant, but these two training methods were not statistically significant in terms of effectiveness.

Although both cognitive-behavioral pre-marital counseling and behavioral therapy training methods have a significant effect on increasing their differentiation, it does not matter which of these two training methods is used for this purpose.