نشریه تعالی مشاوره و روان درمانی
پیاپی 46 (تابستان 1402)

  Mental well-being can play an adaptive role in facing adverse and stressful conditions, so the aim of the research was the mediating role of self-compassion in the relationship between perceived stress and body image with the mental well-being of female athletes in Tehran.

  The research was applied in terms of purpose and from the point of view of data collection, it was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population was all female athletes who referred to sports clubs in Tehran in 2019, age range (20-50 years). 250 people by method Available sampling was selected. The research tools included Diener et al.'s Mental Well-Being Questionnaire (1985), Cohen, Komark and Marmelstein's Perceived Stress Questionnaire (1983), Winstead and Janda's Body Image Concern Questionnaire (1987) and Neff et al.'s self-compassion Questionnaire (2003). Data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation method and path analysis using SPSS and PLS software.

 In general, the path analysis showed that self-compassion played a mediating role in the path of body image to well-being, the results showed that perceived stress and self-compassion could predict mental well-being, also the path analysis showed that self-compassion in the path between perceived stress and mental well-being, it did not have the ability to play a mediating role. It played a mediating role in the path of body image to well-being.

  According to the results, it can be concluded that strategies that increase self-compassion can provide a better picture of body image and increase the mental well-being of female athletes.

 The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy group and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment on appearance schema in obese women without diet.

It was a quasi-experimental research design of pre-test-post-test and follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women with a body mass index above 30 who referred to Noor Nutrition and Obesity Treatment Clinic in the city of Ray in the year 1400. The sample size includes 45 people (30 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) from the statistical population were selected by available sampling method and divided into two experimental groups and one control group. For the first experimental group, cognitive behavioral therapy and for the second experimental group, acceptance and commitment group therapy was implemented, while the control group did not receive training. The research tool included the appearance schema questionnaire (Kash, Melnik and Harbosky, 2004). The data was analyzed using analysis of variance with repeated measures.

The results showed that both treatments had an effect on reducing the appearance of obese women without diet (P<0.001) and the change in scores was stable in the follow-up phase.

According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that cognitive behavioral group therapy and group therapy based on acceptance and commitment improve the appearance schema in obese women without a diet.

The difficulty of regulating emotions and the lack of self-control is one of the problems of some teenagers, which can lead to many social harms if there is no intervention. The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of integrated monotheistic treatment approach on the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of male students exposed to social harm.

This study is practical in terms of purpose and semi-experimental in terms of execution method with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the research was adolescent male students exposed to social harms in Meybod in the academic year 1400-1401. Using stata14 software and based on 95% confidence level and 90% power, 30 people were selected as a sample using available sampling method and randomly replaced in two groups of 15 people. The experimental group received 10 sessions of 1.5 hours and (two sessions per week) Tawhidi Sharifinia's integrated treatment intervention (2017), while the control group did not receive any intervention during this period. The participants responded to Gratz and Roemer's (2004) emotion regulation difficulty and Tanji's (2004) self-control questionnaires. The data were analyzed with chi-square tests and multivariate covariance analysis using spss26 software package and at the level of 0.05.

The results of the chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between the participants in terms of the demographic variables of father's education and mother's education (P<0.05). The results of the covariance analysis test also showed that monotheistic integrated treatment decreased the mean scores of emotion regulation difficulty (P< 0.001, f=42.52) and increased self-control (P< 0.017, f=6.44) of adolescent male students. It has been tested in the post-test phase (P<0.05).

Considering the effectiveness of monotheistic integrated therapy in improving the difficulty of emotion regulation and self-control of students exposed to social harms, this approach can be used as an effective approach in the field of reducing social harms.

Bereaved adolescents usually experience a wide range of emotions and behaviors. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of teaching choice theory on the difficulty in emotion regulation, basic needs satisfaction and bereavement symptoms in bereaved adolescent boys.

This semi-experimental research was pre-test, post-test and two-month follow-up with a control group. The statistical population of the research included all bereaved adolescent boys covered by one of the charities in Tehran in 2021, among them, 30 people were selected using available methods, and were randomly replaced in two equal groups. In the experimental group, the choice theory program was implemented in 8 weekly sessions (each session for 1 hour), but the control group did not receive this intervention. To collect data from the demographic information checklist, Difficulties in emotion regulation scale (Gratz & Romer, 2004), Needs deficiency inventory (Salari & Sahebi, 2013), and Traumatic grief inventory for children (Dyregrov & et al, 2001) was used. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance and, ben-feroni post hoc test with repeated measurements using SPSS-26 statistical software.

The results showed that teaching choice theory reduced the difficulty of emotional regulation, symptoms of grief, satisfying basic needs and reducing the components of the need for survival, love and belonging, freedom, power and fun in the experimental group (P<0.05), And this effect has been stable and signiticant in the follow-up phase. 

According to the results of this study, it is possible to use choice theory training in medical centers to reduce the symptoms of bereavement, the difficulty of emotional regulation and improve the satisfaction of the basic needs of bereaved teenagers.

Several factors threaten marital relations and cause the couple’s intimacy to wear out, which ultimately lead the spouses to the occurrence of marital conflicts. Therefore,the current research was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors of the formation of marital conflicts in dysfunctions in dysfunctional and un sustainable marriages.The method of this research was qualitative and the foundation data method.The study population included 20 premarital, family and couple counselors and psychologists in Tehran who had at least five years of counseling experience.The participants were and accessible sampling.The analysis of the interviews led to the identification of 4 open codes and central codes and the selected code “marital challenges and conflicts and dysfunctional and un sustainable marriage”.Data analysis showed that multifaceted factors play arole in marital conflicts. Individual factors (characteristics),communication, main family pattern and satisfaction of basic needs are among the desired factors. The strategies extracted from the research,in order to prevent marital conflicts, the main family model should be modified for this purpose, the patterns of attachment and privacy of the husband and wife system should be taken into consideration.The result obtained from the research be the personality traits of irresponsibility pessimism,aloofness,instability,dominance,lack of agreement and mutual understanding,and narcissism-communication skills(problem solving skills,lack of conflict resolution skills)play a negative role in marital interactions and cause the accumulation of unpleasant feelings,anger and helplessness impulsiveness, and as a result,marital conflicts are formed.Paying attention to personality traits and teaching practical communication skills before marriage have been effective factors on the quality of couples’ interactions.

The aim of the present study was to systematically review Iranian researches with a focus on effectiveness researches conducted on working women in the period of 2018-2023. This study is a type of secondary research and is considered a systematic review according to the implementation method. Document analysis method was used to collect data, which included all published effectiveness studies (2018-2023) and a total of 45 studies were examined. The information obtained was made by the researcher's checklist tool and the summary of the contents was presented in the form of tables. What emerged from the review of the articles published in the last 5 years was that researchers are looking for positive organizational behavior, which is followed by an increase in the strengthening of employees' psychological resources, and this is while working women, due to the connection with the environment outside the home and On the other hand, they are under a lot of stress due to their maternal responsibility. Therefore, considering the role of women, in society, work-family conflict has negative consequences for the psychosocial health of working women and their families, and it also affects the optimal performance of organizations, hence it is suggested that researches on the effectiveness of work-conflict be carried out in the future. Target the family by emphasizing the role of women and try to improve the psychological condition of working women.