نشریه مطالعات سیاسی
پیاپی 53 (پاییز 1400)

In this study, the dangers of ISIS's Influence in Central Asia and its impact on Iran's national security are examined. Failed and fragile states in Central Asia do not have the ability to promote prosperity, security, education, and awareness for their people. As a result, conditions are ripe for the people to lean towards extremism. Due to the presence of takfiri extremism on the western borders of Iran (Iraq and Syria), there are serious risks of this spreading to its eastern borders in Central Asia. Despite the existing hegemony between Iran and Russia and their mutual efforts to stop this current in the region, should the extremism on both sides of its borders join hands, Iran’s security will be seriously compromised in three ways to face serious challenges. Firstly, the extremism will span on its northern, eastern, and western borders; secondly, regional and trans-regional actors will use takfiri extremism for their strategic rivalries; and thirdly, a worsening case in Afghanistan will impact Iran’s security. Thus, focusing on “Regional and trans-regional convergence” can be the most important strategy for Iran to deal with this phenomenon.

The relationship between the people and the government and the role of the people in the government are among the issues raised in political philosophy. In this research, philosophical views on the position of the people in government have been studied and specifically representatives of philosophical views from ancient times to the modern period have been researched. The results of this study show that the share and position of people in the philosophical views of antiquity and the Middle Ages is limited. In ancient times, the role of the people was not recognized as a group with rights or political will. This thinking has continued in the Middle Ages. In the modern era, for the first time, people are clearly beyond the group for whom the government has educational duties or overpowers; They appear in political philosophy, and concepts such as social contract for Hobbes and fiduciary for Locke present government as the manifestation of the collective will of the people. Hobbes prescribes a kind of absolute government, Locke gives originality to individuality, and presents the state as the agent of the people. Weber is also based on the three forms of authority, and the relationship between government and people is accepted in his thought as a form of authority. But Kant, by focusing on the position of man in government and the characteristics he names for it, considers the republican government to be the only legitimate government in the world.

Dialogues are created with the aim of gaining power in the community and require a minimum of shared space to arise in the community. Whenever a discourse attempts to destroy and dismantle competing discourse symbols and challenge its ideological structures, it is discarded from its own circle and driven to another. Therefore, in the present study, the discourse challenges of two political forces in Iran, principled and reformist, as activists of discourse, were investigated in the years 1396-1392. This theory has been chosen as a theoretical framework, due to the subject matter as well as the remarkable ability of Ernestolaquella and Shantal Mouffe to explain socio-political phenomena. The results indicate that competing discourse of reformism is a fundamentalist discourse that uses elements of Exclusion and Foregrounding to design elements in different political domains and intensifies discourse challenges over time and competitively with others. It has done so with the aim of dismantling the rival on the eve of the twelfth presidential election, which ultimately ended with the hegemony of the Reformist-Moderation discourse in 1396 as the rival's semantic defeat.

The immunity of high-ranking government officials from the domestic courts of other countries has led to various international procedures and approaches to immunity, responsibility, the formation of mixed criminal courts, and the use of UN Security Council capacities to establish criminal courts between Has created a special international. In parallel with the escalation of large-scale international crime, especially during World War II and the subsequent establishment of the Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals, the principle of immunity of high-ranking government officials from international crime faced many challenges, culminating in Considered the formation of criminal courts related to the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda and finally the adoption of the Rome Statute to establish the International Criminal Court. Although the legal and judicial procedure of the Court indicates the non-acceptance of immunity arising from official position due to the commission of international crimes, but the descriptive-analytical study of this issue shows the existence of serious challenges and limitations before the Court in performing its legal duties. They can be attributed to the role of political considerations, incompatibility in rulings with acts committed, non-cooperation of member states in cooperating with the Court for various reasons, limitations on the jurisdiction and type and timing of acts committed, as well as restrictions on the relationship between the Court and The UN Security Council noted.

the development of Relation between Religion and Politics in Ancient Iran, the Case study ofthe Sassanid EraAnahita, motazed''Ali, fallahnejad''Dariush, Rahmati'abstract:One of the & challengeable topics in Iran is the relation of religion and politics. From the emerging of the first government in Iran by Achaemenians dynasty, the function of religion was informal both in legalizing government or making national unity and forming political believes of nation as a part of culture. The procedure endured till the Sassanid era and forming religion in the formal structure of politics caused appearing the clergy class in government.The policy of government was, getting close to religion and it's relation to it. According to how to formalizing and concentrating the power of main issue formed this writing is based on beliefs. Challenges mainly such ideological and internal challenges and external challenges occurred on Sassanid empire including maintaining empire realm and uniting different nation's with their own especial religion and surrounding by powerful neighbor with their own especial culture all and all caused that religion went through the structure of the government. Keyword ": concentration of Power, po

trust in news and political programs of the national media (IRIB). In this study, through in-depth interviews with 30 communication experts and officials in the field of news and political programs of IRIB, the trust indicators were counted and surveyed through a questionnaire from the statistical community and analyzed by SPSS software. Also, with SWOT technique weaknesses and strengths, opportunities and threats of national media in the field of trust are counted and through QSPM table public trust strategies were identified. The results of analytical and descriptive findings of this research show that IRIB has many problems in the current situation and it is far from the desired situation, at least in the indicators that have been studied in this study. It is necessary to solve these problems by adopting competitive strategies. Reviewing the organizational structure of the political department, strengthening the rule of law in recruiting in the field of news and political programs, producing programs that reflect the real and tangible problems of the people as well as the production of programs that create harmony and solidarity among the people are strategies that enhance and promote public confidence in the news and political programs of the national media.

The international relations arena is ever-changing based on states' policies. Sometimes it is possible that a policy may increase a state's power or likewise may weaken it. Power rivalry exists in the international arena and in the modern world rivalry and confrontation especially in economic areas is going on between the US and China. The US is the world hegemon that has hegemon criteria and struggling to maintain it, on the other hand, China as a newly emerging power in the modern international area is attempting to prove itself as a rival for the US hegemony. This research emphasizes the US-China hegemony in the field of oil and energy in the world and attempts to answer its main question which is: what is the US policy to confront China's influence, as the new play in the field of oil and energy in the world. The research method used in this article is descriptive-analytical. The research results show that the US made endless efforts to support China's energy security and indirect support of its economic development by dividing advantages resulting from the rising Shell oil in the US.