نشریه دانش انتظامی آذربایجان غربی
پیاپی 19 (تابستان 1392)

This paper investigates sense of security of 15-29 year old women in Urmia and social factors affecting this sense. In theoretical framework, needed theories in every field were used to examine aspects and effective factors, and various definitions about every dependent and independent variables were explained. Finally, sense of security is defined as "lack of fear of human values being attacked and to not panic about legal rights and freedom". Also with respect to each category of proposed theories, proper hypothesis was discussed. This research is survey type and sampling. In multi-stage cluster sampling, first all of neighborhoods of town were considered and among them, some neighborhoods were selected randomly between affluent, middle and low class neighborhoods. Also among 15-29 year old women, 374 women were randomly selected and questionnaires were completed. It is important to note that in this research, data collection was a questionnaire-based interview

The purpose of this study is sociological analysis of trends of young women toward cosmetics in PNU of Urmia and is an attempt to answer this question that which social and cultural factors do cause increasing trends of cosmetics use by female students? To answer this question, the theoretical sociological of body and sociological of utilization is employed.
This research is quantitative and survey method and is applied by questionnaires. The sample consisted of 300 female students that were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling and random sampling. Data was analyzed in descriptive (by one-variable and two-variable statistics) and inferential levels by multiple variable regressions and path analysis.
Empirical findings show that economic resources, cultural capital, social-economic base and amount of use of media has a meaning full and positive relationship with trends of young women toward cosmetics in which cultural capital variable has an strong effect. According to accomplished regression analysis of linear cultural capital, economic resources, economic-social bases variables and use of media could predict 83 percent of cosmetic usage changes among young women.

In recent decades, urban living has a great growth. One of the consequences of this rapid growth is formation of suburbs and informal settlements out of towns. Explosive urban growth rates in Urmia also occurred in recent years and many immigrants settled in suburbs especially in Vakil Abad. The significance of this study is on one hand a substantial population of this suburb and on the other hand is its social and economic context. Here issues such as immigration reasons, periods, geographical origin of immigrants, education status, wishes and problems in suburbs, economic status of families, status of housing, citizenship, social damages, satisfaction about life, and in general socio-economic of vakil Abad suburbs was studied. The research method is survey and based on "questionnaires" and is consisted of 374 suburb living people of Vakil Abad in Urmia who were interviewed by using cluster sampling. Findings indicate that more than 70 percent of residents are living in houses with more than 5 people. Nearly 97% of houses were owned by written agreement. Water, gas and electricity are very high. One of the characteristics of residents is high unemployment rates, job stability and various types of laboring. Most of low-income household is spent on food and clothing (about 98%) and other costs such as treatment are so low. Almost the situation after immigration has been assessed better. The first reason of immigration is economics. Social network and consequential immigration is very affective. They have average utilities, social damage rates are high, and citizens belonging are higher than other cities and they have more tendencies to participate in neighborhood affairs. According to statistical findings, there is a weak negative and non-significance relation between history of settlement and satisfaction of performance of official bodies. Older residents were more satisfied by social performance and participants than younger people. Also there is no significant difference between men and women in terms of attitudes toward social damages but educational status have effects on attitudes toward social damages, it means that respondents who have higher education level have different attitudes than respondents with lower educational levels

In recent decades, natural science has a great revolution. This revolution has taken place in way of understanding and explaining phenomena by scientists, and during last years they propose their explanations in irregular and specific forms. They assume world as a system of algebraic laws of nature which are in motion in a predictable and clear way. Hence, they believed that linear effects are outcomes of certain causes. Now they focuse on the creative role of chaos and anarchy and they assume the world as a set of systems performing in the ways of self-organizing, and the consequences of this life style are unpredictable and causal. However in this situation, natural algebraic laws continuously have ruled and systems are operated periodically in a manner which order causes disorder and irregularity causes regularity. Such theoretical science has been called complexity or non-linear dynamics. Unfortunately this science always comes with chaos and in general sense it means some kind of randomness. But the scientist's mean about a complex mixture of order and disorder is arrangement and disarrangement, this means that it refers to behavior patterns which are irregular, but are identifiable as general behavior frameworks. Finally Liability of individual behavior leads to a regular pattern of behaviors. Look at clouds for a moment to understand what scientists mean about chaotic behavior.
West Azerbaijan province has diverse ethnic groups and has many different characteristics such as specific geographical context and distribution which have interaction with each other in terms of economic, cultural, social trades. This paper is a study of affecting factors in interaction management of ethnic groups on base of five principles such as stereotyping, ethnocentrism, perceived ethnic discrimination, religious intolerance, and individualism. Also by regularity theory in irregularity, and by model of qualitative and library adaption in a specific model in management of ethnic groups and in attention to rapid environmental changes, we could offer scientific solution and ideas according to basic environmental changes in 21th century.

Based on self-reporting study of 1139 high school students in Hong Kong, this paper investigates strength point of selected variables such as family, school variables, peers variables, and media variables in predicting deviant behaviors of adolescents. Regression results indicate that equation containing peers deviant behavior, rejection of peer's deviant behaviors, frequency of exposure to media, promotion of violence and vulgar programs, imitating media characters, deviant behavior of parents and negative evaluation of teachers explain the most variance of deviant behavior of adolescents. Logical and theoretical implications of the research discusses about these findings and other findings about rapidly industrialization and modernization societies in Hong Kong.