فصلنامه پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی
پیاپی 70 (پاییز 1400)

This study has been done with a synthesis of both internal and external studies in order to achieve more and newer concepts regarding professionalism in medical education. The method of this study was synthesis research. The required data were collected by searching library resources and articles in ERIC, ProQuest, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, springer Magiran, and Irandoc databases. In order to search domestic and foreign databases, the keywords of professionalism, curriculum, professionalism curriculum, medical education were used. The articles and sources reviewed were from 1998 to 2020. In the final review, the most relevant sources included 53 articles that were reviewed and extracted in order to achieve the purpose of the present study. 270 concepts were extracted and grouped into 22 concepts. Finally, the concepts were categorized into the final 6 concepts of professional commitment, caring behavior, virtue-based professional commitment, lifelong learner, ethics and law-based, professional character and type of curriculum. The results show that if certain professional beliefs and behaviors are not institutionalized in today's students during the internship, it can reduce the sensitivity of students' professionalism and thus make professional decisions difficult for future physicians. Therefore, the role of formal education in professionalism is important in this regard, considering the role of the hidden curriculum.

One of the most important and key topics in the hidden curriculum of medical students is to instill a professional identity in them. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the professional identity of medical students based on the hidden curriculum. This qualitative study was conducted using the six-step method of Sandlowski and Barroso (2007). The meta- Synthesis team consisted of three curriculum specialists and one meta-Synthesis expert. 20 related research sources were used as the basis for the analysis, which resulted in the extraction of 3 main categories, including identity related to professional processes (professional communication and interaction, Observance of medical ethics, Belonging to the medical profession, job motivation), identity related to professional outcomes (Development of learning and improvement Stress control and resilience) and identity related to professional competencies (Professional competence, Clinical competence ). Data validation was verified using data validation, transferability, and data alignment and data reliability techniques by precisely guiding the data collection and alignment process of the researchers. According to the research results, experiences related to hidden and informal curricula should be formally considered by medical educators, and professors should include more opportunities for reflection in the medical curriculum so that students can accelerate the effective formation of their professional identities.

The present study was conducted with a qualitative approach and with the aim of identifying the professional competencies of primary school teachers in bilingual areas. For this purpose, using the documentary method and taking into account the criteria of document quality, 70 published documents related to the professional competence of teachers and bilingualism, including 63 foreign documents and 7 internal documents, in the period 20-20000 2000 from among the written Persian sources. And English was purposefully chosen. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. In order to confirm the accuracy of the data, regarding the validity of the study, the research method was used by the members of the research and trial (data, sources and methods). Data analysis resulted in identification (75 basic themes, 7 first level organizing themes and 14 second level organizing themes and 1 comprehensive theme). The results showed that teachers' professional competence is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of the education system and especially improving the level and depth of learning of bilingual students. Therefore, it is suggested that the educational system, by prioritizing the linguistic and cultural needs of bilingual students, provide the necessary ground for selecting and cultivating the basic competencies of teachers in these areas, and as a result, move intelligently to move towards efficiency and productivity. Organize and improve the quality of bilingual students' learning

The aim of this study was to investigate the lived experience of primary and secondary school teachers of the challenges of teaching in cyberspace and to provide solutions to improve the skills of teachers in cyberspace. The type of research is qualitative and phenomenological design has been used and semi-structured interview tools were used to collect data, so that the research questions were answered through interviews with information groups. The face and content validity of the interview was reviewed and finally confirmed by several experts in the field of e-learning To determine the "validity and reliability of data", two criteria used by qualitative study experts were used, including: reliability and acceptability. In the present study, purposive sampling method was used. In the interview with the target community, sampling continued until the data saturation and by interviewing fifteen people, the theoretical saturation of the data was obtained. The results showed that the most important challenges of cyberspace in four main themes (educational, administrative, hard And socio-cultural) were identified. In proportion to these harms, regarding the knowledge, skills and motivation of teachers, strategies and strategies for better use of new methods in cyberspace were suggested.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the status of scientific production in the field of augmented reality technology in education. The present study is of applied and scientometric type and in doing it, bibliometric and social network analysis techniques have been used. Accordingly, for data collection, research-related keywords were searched and identified between 2010 and 2020 using the Scopus database. Vosviewer software was used to analyze the data and visualize the obtained information.The statistical population of the present study is 582 documents in the relevant field. Analyzes include: frequency of publication of relevant research, countries with the most relevant documents, scientific centers with the most relevant research, most prolific authors in this field, communication clustering of keywords and drawing a network of cooperation of authors in the relevant field. The results of the studies show that the frequency of publication of related sources is still increasing; among the countries with the most related research, the United States is in first place and Spain and Indonesia in second and third place. Most printed documents are articles and the busiest field in this regard is social sciences. These keywords are placed in 6 thematic clusters. The most relevant words in the main cluster are augmented reality, learning, student, teacher, curriculum planning, and interaction.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of aesthetic education of architecture students in Guilan's universities and explain its importance in shaping the aesthetic tendencies and tastes of students in the academic year of 2019-20. Due to its nature, the present research method is descriptive-analytical and in the scope of evaluation studies. In order to collect data, two types of questionnaires based on the model extracted from the qualitative part of the research, in the Likert scale and the visual questionnaire were used. The validity of the questionnaire was assessed by content validity method. The reliability of the questionnaire was assessed by Cronbach's alpha coefficient and to calculate it the 21.0 version of SPSS was used in two stages; which were 0.89 and 0.92 respectively. The results showed that, students in both levels of education have a higher level of aesthetic knowledge compared to aesthetic wisdom and competence in universities. Such a way that in the undergraduate course, the scores obtained in the field of knowledge were 3.39, in the field of wisdom were 3.12 and in the field of competence were 2.86. In the master's degree, the scores obtained in the mentioned fields were 3.57, 3.18 and 2.98, respectively. This was reflected in the significant tendency of their aesthetic manner to formal beauty. In other words, based on results, the one-sided tendency of the educational process towards the foundation of education in this field has led to the training of one-dimensional architects in an aesthetic perspective

The purpose of this study was to design a model for teaching critical thinking and its effectiveness on critical thinking skills of sixth grade elementary students in Khorasan Razavi province. The research method is mixed, ie first it was quantitative and then qualitative. In the quantitative part, the statistical population included all sixth grade male students in Khorasan Razavi province in the academic year 2018-2019, which using a quasi-experimental design (pre-test, post-test with control group) among sixth grade students in Khorasan Razavi province (75 people) were selected as a statistical sample. The California Critical Thinking Scale was used to examine the variables of research and data collection. In this study, Cronbach's alpha was used to calculate the reliability coefficient. Accordingly, for this questionnaire, the validity coefficient was 0.81 and the reliability coefficient was 0.84. Descriptive statistics (mean, mean, etc.) and inferential statistics (one-sample T, analysis of variance) were used to analyze the data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS21 software. In the qualitative part of the study, it was phenomenological. The study population and sample included individuals who were purposefully studied in the quantitative section and the sample size was determined based on theoretical saturation. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect data. Goba and Linkon criteria were used to validate the data. Data analysis was performed using Corbin and Strauss method in which data are divided into three levels: open, axial and selective. In the qualitative part of the research results led to the design of a model that included seven dimensions (analysis and evaluation, critical thinking, creativity, life skills, critical thinking, self-esteem and learning). And it becomes students' critical thinking.

The present study has been compiled with the aim of Explain the dimensions and indicators of participatory learning culture in the high school curriculum. In this research, in the first part of the research, the meta-combined qualitative research method was used. A meta-combination similar to the meta-analysis method is used to integrate several studies to create comprehensive and interpretive findings. In the second part of the research, the modified Delphi method is used. In this research, first, to collect qualitative data from related research, the meta-combined qualitative research method was used, and by reviewing related research in this field, it extracted characteristics and then to reach a consensus of experts on dimensions, characteristics. Indicators of Cooperative learning culture in secondary school A significant number of selected experts were identified and using the modified Delphi quantitative research method, 15 questionnaires were distributed among them and after sending and receiving in three consecutive rounds, the relevant information was collected and analyzed. By studying various sources and researches in this field, four types of culture of central interaction, process-oriented, self-directed and transformative and 31 indicators of Cooperative learning culture were identified as indicators of Cooperative learning culture.

The aim this study is designing a model of effective factors on creative activities of students first grade of high school in mathematics lesson. The present study is of qualitative type and its method is synthetic research. The resources available in research projects, articles, dissertations in specialized and scientific databases inside(from 1388 to1399) and outside the country (from 2000 to 2020). Were used for this purpose and to review the research background and collect data in a manner appropriate to the purpose of the research. Vocabulary used included mathematical creativity, and creative activities. Based on the inclusion criteria, 82 studies were identified and then according to the exclusion criteria, 44 studies were excluded and finally 38 studies were selected for the final analysis. Based on the findings of data analysis, 5 themes and 21 categories were extracted, which are: Teacher with 5 categories, curriculum and education with 4 categories, social and cultural environment with 3 categories, inclusive with 5 categories and performance environment with 4 categories. Policy makers of educational systems can use the designed model to take appropriate measures and programs to adopt mathematical creativity for students.

The purpose of this study was to design and validation of integrated Curriculum model for preschools focusing on mental and kinetic; Which is applied in terms of purpose and exploratory in terms of research method. In the qualitative stage, the field research was used and in the quantitative stage, the survey method was used. In the qualitative stage, the study population is curriculum specialists who were selected by purposive sampling of 10 specialists. Data collection tools were semi-structured interviews that were analyzed with the underlying theory strategy. In the quantitative stage, the study population is curriculum specialists and preschool teachers. The sample size was selected according to Cochran's formula, for specialists by stratified random sampling method, 28 female specialists, 44 male specialists and for the community of trainers by cluster random sampling method, 159 people were selected. Data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose reliability was 0.84 by Cronbach's alpha method and face and content validity was used. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. The results of qualitative research, identification and extraction of components of the integrated curriculum model were proposed in order to provide a theoretical model and the results of quantitative research were performed to confirm the results of qualitative research.

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of new teachers in the field of recognizing and dealing with the mathematical misunderstandings and their causes in the fourth grade elementary school students. This research was qualitative with a phenomenological approach. The participants were 10 teachers who were graduated from Fars Farhangian University and had experiences of teaching mathematics in the fourth grade of elementary, which were selected by a purposive sampling for interview until the data were saturated. The data collection method was in-depth semi-structured interview. The thematic analysis method was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that, 111 basic themes, 19 organizing themes and 2 comprehensive themes were formed under the title of mathematical misunderstandings and their causes. By analyzing the extracted themes, it can be realized that the participants had a relatively good knowledge of mathematical misunderstandings. They considered the heavy content of the fourth grade mathematics textbook and its incompatibility with the cognitive development of the students and the lack of time to present the concepts as the most important causes of mathematical misunderstandings in this grade. Therefore, by reviewing the content of the fourth- grade mathematics textbook, it can be expected that a more appropriate platform for the mathematic teaching _learning process and preventing misunderstandings should be provided.

The aim of this study was to determine the indicators of critical thinking in teaching and learning in Iran based on Grounded Theory with a systematic approach attributed to Strauss and Corbin and paradigm logic. The scope of this research includes all literature and theories related to teaching critical thinking in accounting. To collect the required data, research literature, the technique of semi-structured interviewing of famous teachers in top universities and the method of snowball sampling were used. Data analysis was performed based on three stages of open coding, axial coding and selective coding. Findings were categorized into six general categories with 41 concepts/themes and 212 final identifiers. Finally, the initial theory of the executive model of the critical thinking process model in teaching and learning of accounting students was developed as a conceptual paradigm model. Because the ability to think critically is an important consequence of education, there is a need for further research and continuous development of reliable and validated tools to measure students' critical thinking in order to conduct educational strategies that effectively facilitate critical thinking among students.