نشریه دانش انتظامی سمنان
سال هفتم شماره 3 (پیاپی 25، پاییز 1396)

Housing is recognized as the most important part of development in any society. Hence, providing adequate housing is one of the most important issues facing the countries of the world to achieve sustainable development, and almost all countries in the world face serious problems in this regard. Housing production in all countries not only satisfies the psychological and social needs of people in the community, but also represents the manifestations of economic growth in each country and has a significant impact on the mobility and acceleration of economic cycles. It may be argued that there is a housing problem all over the world, but in developing countries, due to the rapid growth of population and urbanization, domestic migration, lack of adequate financial resources, land supply problems, construction materials and the shortage of specialized personnel, more important than The lack of policies, policies and programs on land and housing has become a severe and critical issue. Therefore, this paper, using a descriptive-analytical method and employing new sources of internal and external resources, is attempting to review housing policy in Iran and the world in order to use these experiences in the future in order to advance the objectives of supply Used housing.

One of the important and recent issues in international law is the refugee rights which, in spite of industrial progress, weaken the observance of morality and human rights against each other in the current era, and oppression and violation of human rights, especially to subordinates and The weak has become more and more so that it sometimes causes the escape and mass migration of a group of people from one country to another. In this regard, it can be said that every society, according to its beliefs and culture, has considered a solution to the problem of asylum. The United Nations and various national associations have also adopted resolutions, covenants and declarations in defense of the rights of refugees, which are accepted by many countries of the world. However, accepting any international treaty will create an international commitment to a country. The country party to the treaty must act in accordance with the provisions of the international treaty and not oppose the treaty. Therefore, many international treaties, especially on human rights, require the establishment of national rules and norms for their implementation. Accordingly, countries are considering their asylum and granting rights in their international obligations, and it also provides for conditions. However, international rules and regulations do not give refugees the right to force states to seek asylum, although they can use the judicial facilities available to prove their asylum status. Governments can not implement their national interests wherever the Convention does not comply with their national interests and reserve their right to a treaty in all matters where the provisions of the Convention are contrary to their national security.

Order ad security are one of the requirements of social life, and people in these conditions learn norms, values, customs and social laws and consider it as a part of their personality. Life in today's societies is almost impossible without a law that regulates the relations of individuals and institutions and institutions. By lawlessness, threats to the order and security of every society are severely threatened. The present research seeks to answer the question of what are the individual and social factors of the escape rule and what impact does this process have on social security? Survey method and data were collected by interviewing and completing the questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of citizens over 18 years of age living in Semnan city. Sampling was done by multi-stage cluster sampling. The theoretical framework of the research was designed on the basis of the Durkheim-Morten social linkage theory and the Ecological Theory of the School of Chicago and the sociological theories of the field of security. Findings of the research show that there is a direct and significant relationship between social capital of individuals and social organization of the neighborhoods in which they are living with the law of escapement, using parametric and nonparametric tests. Also, immigrants and non-native people have a lower social bonding rate than indigenous peoples of the region, with the community and others, and therefore more legislation is observed in their behavior, and if these conditions continue, the legislators are somewhat disturbed and helpless And there will be a deliberate, deliberate, and protest-breaking law of law in the community that will promote this anomie and incoherence of society towards insecurity

One of the major problems of mankind today's urban life, devotion too much to move the cars and the result of the negligence of pedestrian movement and is organizing its spaces.Spaces and public areas is one of the essential elements of everyday urban life and are the most important cities. Walking is one of the most sustainable methods of transport and can be of various aspects of physical, social, ecological, cultural, economic and political development would be sustainable cities. Strategies to improve the safety of pedestrians used to be the most comprehensive in the form of " 3E "(engineering, education, enforcement) is expressed. The separation movement of pedestrians from vehicles in urban areas and also how construction of transverse crossings (overpasses - underpasses - level) in urban and suburban areas to ensure the safety of pedestrians is a good indicator. Key factors in crashes involving pedestrians, such as speed, lack of facilities for pedestrians, are insufficient to pedestrians and lack of law enforcement were sufficient in this paper tried using the method of collecting descriptive - the library of each of these factors examined and analysis should be And strategies for improving pedestrian safety as well as optimize expression in order to protect pedestrians in car crashes has also been studied.

The family is a social system that is the basis of development in all societies. The disruption of the family institution or its failure will cause many problems in society. Divorce is one of a kind of family disruption that has been increasing in Iran over the past years. One of the most important types of divorce is emotional divorce, which is not recorded anywhere, and does not have an objective look. But its destructive effects occur in various fields.The purpose of this study was to investigate the status of emotional divorce and its prediction based on personality traits and marital satisfaction components in Shahroud city in 2014. To this end, 630 married people were selected randomly and after obtaining the necessary explanations and drawing their contributions, the required information was obtained through a researcher-made questionnaire. To study the main variables of the research, Gatman's emotional divorce questionnaire, NEO personality questionnaire, and marital satisfaction questionnaire Enrich. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used for its significance. Correlation tests, multivariate analysis of variance and regression analysis were used. The results showed that 37% of subjects in the sample group suffered from emotional divorce, and a total of 67% of the sample group suffered from one or more problems in their emotional relationship with the spouse. 32% of changes in emotional divorce are predictable due to neuroticism personality traits and personality topics in Enrique's test. By adding the marital relationship variable 41% and adding the conflict resolution variable 49% and adding the gender variable 62% and The addition of other variables increases by 73%.

Lunatics in penal rights system of Iran as a general rule, like penal rights systems of other countries, with the exception of Sweden, are free from penal responsibilities. General punishment rule No.1304 (corrected in 1352) was divided people mentally in two groups: people who were completely free from penal responsibility and people who have moderate mental and psychological diseases and have moderate responsibilities. However, Islamic punishment law enacted in 1370 by pointing out to the insanity and its ratings, has summarized all mental disorders and their impacts on the penal responsibility in act 51 of this law. Some people suffer from special mental diseases, without diagnosis of physician as insane. In addition, some of offenders were sane while commit a crime, but after that they suffer from madness. This has caused to more recognition of legal concept of madness legally from its concept in psychology. This writing tries to enrich interaction of legal and psychological concepts of madness at first and in continue it evaluates role of madness in penal responsibility, especially investigation of comparable modes with mental abnormalities from current point of view of Iran and England’s rules. it investigates that if accused people who claim for madness should prove his/her claim or public prosecutor should prove lack of madness.