نشریه مدیریت و پژوهش های دفاعی
پیاپی 92 (تابستان 1400)

For the past three decades, one of the current political issues in the field of media, parties, and public opinion has been the issue of hostilities between Western powers and the Islamic Republic of Iran. Therefore, there are reasons for this hostility and negative perception of the Western media about the Islamic Republic of Iran which we sought to find based on the present study to achieve these reasons. The purpose of this study was to investigate this ideation in the field of security and military and classify its reasons into two categories of effective and influential. The statistical population for this study were experts in the fields of communication sciences and political science. Theoretical saturation in this study was obtained through structured team interviews with 10 people. Sampling method in this study was purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed based on the grounded theory and intuitive fuzzy Dematel technique. The results of the grounded theory showثی that military-security categories(differences in the armed forces, support for the resistance axis, military and missile advances, defense capability, military power, geopolitical position, Iranophobia, a new challenge, and policy were based on negative media perceptions. The West was influential. The results of intuitive fuzzy Dematel technique to classify the extracted reasons showed that Iran's geopolitical position was the most effective reason for the Western media's negative image making of Iran's security and military. Iranophobia was also recognized as the second most influential reason. The most influential reason for the negative image making of the West in the security and military field was Iran's defense capability. At the end, after comparing the results with the existing theories ,the conclusion were summarized and presented.

The issue of maintaining and expanding security in border areas, especially in countries that have long common borders with their neighbors, has always been the concern and sensitivity of those in the charge . Therefore, developmental differences between geographical locations are not the interest of human and damage the environment for development will create many problems for the future. Consequently, this study was conducted to investigate the opportunities and obstacles facing sustainable security in Bushehr province. In this research, the researcher has collected the required data in the form of libraries and documents. Based on the research findings, it is clear that in Bushehr province, opportunities for sustainable security development are favorable geographical location, favorable hydrocarbon resources, marine resources, the ability to produce new energy and also the province's bottlenecks in the field of sustainable security, military centers, economic resources, unemployment, Smuggling and problems of water resources can be mentioned. Improper use of resources has also led to environmental damage and deprivation of residents of services commensurate with the potential of the region

The link between national security and water has become one of the main pillars of government issues in regional and international relations Strategic supervision along with control and evaluation plays a fundamental and decisive role in leading stability and proper management. From the Islamic Perspective, monitoring is one of the basic issues in the religious, political and social fields. This study has examined the situation of realization of general policies of the system in the defense industry, considering the strategy of the Supreme Leader, based on organizing the issue of monitoring the implementation of policies, while examining the paradigms and models of strategic monitoring of policy implementation at the national and transnational levels. The main purpose of this study was to provide a model of strategic oversight of the implementation of the system's general policies in the defense industry. In terms of purpose, application and development and its research method, this research, is a mixed method. In this research, first qualitative data then quantitative data have been collected. The combination of qualitative and quantitative data is also exploratory; Thus, in the first stage, qualitative approaches have been used to achieve the main elements of the model of monitoring and controlling the implementation of general policies of the system (during implementation) in the defense industry, and in the second stage, the identified elements and variables have been completed and validated with a quantitative approach. The presented model consists of 7 dimensions, 33 components and 86 indicators, which systematically include in-situ monitoring. Dimensions include overseeing the development of policy-making translators, overseeing policy-making contexts, and overseeing policy implementation requirements.

The Persian Gulf has seen two types of security institutions in recent decades: trans-regional security institutions that have infiltrated the area, such as the SEATO Pact, and intra-regional security institutions. The plan to expand NATO activities in the region dates back to the mid-1980s, and Trump called for more serious activity in the Persian Gulf in 2020. Given the complex situation in the region in terms of the density of crises among countries and the Arab countries' acceptance of this organization, it is possible to form a new security framework in the region that can change the equation of deterrence among Arab countries against Iran. Especially since Biden also wants this strategy. This is especially important for Iran, for which most of the region's collective and security arrangements have been continued as deeming it a threat. What will be the consequences of the development of NATO activities in the Persian Gulf for Iran and how will it affect its deterrence strategy? It seems that the presence of this security organization will increase the context of increasing confrontation within the region and increase movements against Iran. Because with the presence of NATO, Iran will face a cycle of trans-regional deterrence that intensifies the balance of threat.

The present study seeks to model the role of cyber threats in undermining the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran from a geopolitical perspective. To process the problem, a qualitative research method and content analysis have been used. Research data using semi-structured interviews of 25 experts in the field of cyber peace and security who were selected using theoretical sampling method; and using the content analysis method of the network of themes analyzed and modeled. A network measurement concept was developed. The findings of this study showed that the optimal model of security threats Cyber power role analysis includes two comprehensive themes: internal threats and external threats. In addition, in order to "validate" the themes and the model, there are two methods of evaluating the validity of the communication method and also the audit method, and in order to "validate" the reliability of the two methods,reproducibility and transferability or generalizability were also used..

Despite the independence of the local governments of the Southern Caucasus and the regions under their control from the rules of governance of the Soviet Union in the early 1990s, the Nagorno-Karabakh issue is still seen as a fire under the ashes, despite the geopolitical and political turmoil of a mere issue. Internal conflict in the Soviet border region has become a regional event, not only there is no new opportunity and solution for the Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia, but also the deepening of the crisis and the escalation of tensions with the more serious involvement of regional actors and International achieved as the consequences. As a result of a series of long-standing military conflicts in Nagorno-Karabakh, the fourth battle took place in the region, which was far more extensive and had more consequences. There are various motives and reasons that provided the necessary background and motivation for the expansion and multiplication of the September 2020 conflicts in Nagorno-Karabakh by the Republic of Azerbaijan, and in the forthcoming article we have tried to rely on the views of Offensive realism and component and available sources, as well as an overview of the Islamic Republic of Iran's approach to Nagorno-Karabakh, to analyze them.