نشریه پژوهش های جغرافیای اجتماعی
پیاپی 26 (تابستان 1397)

Entrepreneurship The process of establishing a job is based on a new thinking and idea. In other words, a strategy for solving the problem of employment and creation and creation of goods and services for the growth and dynamism of wealth in society is considered. The issue of employment and entrepreneurship is among the factors of production and work and has a privileged role for the graduates, especially as it relates to the person and his will. Hence, different orientations and different social and social effects will be at the community level. Among these works, one can refer to its role in promoting security in all its dimensions, especially social security. Accordingly, in the current study, a sample of 195 skill forces from among the state-owned technical and vocational centers of 6 cities in Guilan province (including Rasht, Bandar Anzali, Lahijan, Langrood, Rudbar and Astara), the model resulted from the research objective Fitted. The results of Smart PLS software output showed the impact of entrepreneurship on self-employment and the sense of social security among the sample.

Walking is the oldest form of transportation in human societies. In spite of the growing use of cars in cities, a significant proportion of users of pedestrian cross-country pedestrians form. Aligned intersections at the same level are common to the passage of cars and pedestrians, and given the high traffic volume at these points, the smallest disruption in traffic causes a sharp decrease in the capacity of the intersections. Infringement of pedestrian traffic lights by pedestrians is one of the most problematic factors in traffic lights and accidents for pedestrians. This study aimed to identify the factors affecting this phenomenon, using observational data from 2788 pedestrians. Demographic variables such as age and gender, the size of the passing group of passersby and the presence of parked cars on the passage border were investigated as possible parameters influencing pedestrian override. The results were evaluated to determine the significance of the effect of each variable. An examination of each of the behavioral indicators indicated that red light violations are consistent with age, gender, car presence and pedestrian group size.

Quality of life indicates the level of satisfaction or dissatisfaction of people from different dimensions at each stage of life. Considering that quality of life may be affected by different variables, in this study, we seek to investigate the relationship between aggression and quality of life anxiety. The present study was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The statistical population of the study was all students of the Faculty of Humanities of Lahijan Azad University in the academic year (96-97). Based on Morgan and Krejcy table, 400 students were selected by simple random sampling as a research sample. Data were collected using SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, aggression (AGQ) and Spielberger's anxiety trap questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, Pearson correlation and stepwise regression. The results of this study showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between aggression and anxiety with quality of life in students. Correlation coefficient between quality of life and aggression-R = -0.76 and quality of life and anxiety were -0.51. The results of stepwise regression showed that aggression and anxiety can explain 0.63 of variance in quality of life. Given that students often face more anxiety, this can in turn affect their quality of life. As a result, timely and appropriate diagnosis and treatment can lead to psychological improvement and, in turn, improve the quality of life in the students.

The purpose of the present study was to compare the awareness and resiliency of students with and without addiction potential in the University of Guilan. This research was a causal-comparative post-event research method in which two groups of student with and without addiction potential are compared in terms of mindfulness and resiliency. The statistical population of this study is all students of Guilan University in the academic year of 2016-2017, of which 180 were selected using available sampling method and addiction potential scale (Weed & Butcher, 1992), Freiburg mindfulness inventory-Short form (Walach et al, 2006) and Connor-Davidson resilience scale (Connor & Davidson, 2003) given to them. Data were analyzed using multivariate analysis of variance. The results showed that there was a difference in the mindfulness and resiliency of the students with and without addiction potential, and the mindfulness and resiliency of students without addiction potential was greater. Accordingly, mindfulness and resiliency are influential factors in the student’s addiction potential. Therefore, it is possible to design and implement programs and interventions that reduce the students' addiction potential.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors affecting violence against married women in Rezvanshahr urban community. Theoretical framework of the research was derived from Social Supervision Theory, Parsons Functional Structural Theory, Economic Poverty Theory, Robert Merton's Theory, William Good's Resource Theory. The statistical population of this study was all married women of Rezvanshahr city in 1394, with a sample size of 100 people. The research method was a scrolling survey. The data were collected by scrutinizing and using a questionnaire. The results of the research showed that there is a meaningful relationship between socio-economic base and violence against married women. There was a significant relationship between the education of married women and violence against them, but there was not a significant relationship between lower education of men and violence against married women.

The present article examines why and how police forces use force when dealing with violent suspects. In this paper, various factors that contribute to the success or failure of the police force in dealing with this situation were explained. These factors include: rationality and suitability of the use of force and intensity; the training of police forces on how to use force; the responsibilities created for the organization and police forces when using the intensity of the action; and The use of force; the unnecessary cause of some police officers to use the intensity of the act and the use of force; how to change the forces of the police force in the use of force and force. In this research, the impact of these factors has been examined and how the organization and police forces can minimize these responsibilities and risks they face in dealing with violence. The results of this study showed that the preparation and empowerment of police forces through training policies, guidelines and organizational guidelines for them as well as holding theoretical and practical training classes in relation to how to use the intensity of action and the use of force, will modify the process and change the public opinion about the use of force by police.