نشریه پژوهش های جغرافیای اجتماعی
پیاپی 23 (پاییز 1396)

In recent years with the rapid growth of population and increasing the number of applicants for the purchase of vehicles, traffic crashes have increased. This problem will worsen when the development and repair of roads occur at a much slower rate. High rates of road accident victims are recognized as one of the greatest safety issues in developing countries. Therefore, identifying the factors affecting crashes, which leads to a reduction in the frequency and severity of crashes, is clearly understandable. The purpose of this paper is to statistically analyze vehicle and pedestrians crashes on Chaboksar-Lahijan road and make aprediction model. Therefore, in this research, by collecting the data of 2014, 2015 and 2016 of Chaboksar-Lahijan road crashes, the frequency of effective variables on crashes has been investigated and the probability of occurrence of each category of crashes is calculated using the logit model .Accordingly after encoding independent and dependent variables and inserting them into SPSS software, the logit model was built separately for vehicle crashes and pedestrians. After modeling it was found that the backward method has a relatively high prediction power in all cases. Also, the most common types of collisions in fatal and injury crashes in Chaboksar-Lahijan road is the rear-end and front-to-side collision which indicates the need to pay attention to set the laws to pay attention to the front and observe the right of way.

Suicidal behavior is extremely complicated. The most intense form of violence towards yourself is done consciously and directly or indirectly. In this situation, a person finds it very difficult to achieve his own hijab and he has to eliminate himself. Suicide is one of the social problems that causes the loss of active community activity and is considered a major health problem. The ever-increasing rate of suicide led us to summarize the definition of suicide and its causes and factors. In this research, suicide, causes and factors affecting its occurrence and the activities of police detectives in the suicide scene were examined using available resources and research (documentary method). According to the results of this study, suicide is associated with factors such as age, sex, religion, marital status, physical and mental health, occupation, geographical and temporal and climatic conditions. Suicide is considered as the third cause of death for adolescents and young people. The most common form of suicide is eating sedative or hypnotic drugs. Other methods of suicide are hanging, cutting a hand or other body parts, breathing gas, and committing suicide with a weapon. Increasing the relationship between family members, developing counseling centers, and in particular paying particular attention to all community officials and practitioners to the recommendations of the police, counselor, teacher, trainer, institutional managers and various cultural and educational institutions can help to reduce suicide rates.

Police officers play a pivotal role in societies.They are involved in many aspects of human life. Officers involvement ranges from general, daily, proactive patrol activities to specific criminal activities such as narcotic investigations. Because there is such a wide range of activities involved in police work, there are many health and safety issues surrounding policing as an occupation. Police officers may be exposed to different health and safety risks in their occupation. officers in order to identify hazards and identify ways to reduce risk. The failure to identify and solve health and safety concerns of officers has potentially serious consequences for the health and well being of officers and their families. These consequences can include depression, divorce, suicide, and disease. Not addressing the health and safety issues associated with policing may also impact the general public. For example, if an officer is stressed or fatigued he/she may not perform his/her duties to the best of his/her ability reducing the contribution of policing to the community. Police officer fatigue might also increase the potential for a car accident, thus putting the public at risk. Therefore, it is very important to the physical and psychological health of the police.

This research aimed to investigate the factors affecting the tendency to hookah in Talesh city. The theoretical frame work of the research consisted of theories of gender, the relative deprivation approach and Sutherland"s differential theories. Statistical population of this research consisted of all of the people of top of 18-years-old of Talesh city focusing on educational reform studied on 383 samples. The survey has been conducted using questionnaire to gather the data .The results of this research showed that there were direct relationship among Gender and tendency to hookah. Meanwhile, there were direct relationship between relative deprivation and the tendency to hookah as well as the friendly group and tendency to hookah.

Throughout the ages, science and knowledge, especially research, has played a major role in solving human problems for achieving its goals, providing it with the tools and equipment it needs. One of the most important concerns facing managers today is to identify the strengths and weaknesses of organizations that are assessed on the basis of scientific and logical criteria. The most important tool for achieving this recognition is performance evaluation, and one of the most important techniques in this field is data envelopment analysis. Due to the growth of cities, the role of taxis in the world today is very important and undeniable, and people's lives are largely dependent on it. This also highlights the importance of maintaining the responsibility of the Taxi Services organization in delivering quality services. In this study, the performance of 30 taxi stations in Rasht for the first half of the year 96 was evaluated from two different perspectives (from the perspective of drivers and passengers) using the modified Russell model and the concept of adverse inputs and outputs was assessed and solutions for increasing productivity were expressed. Continuing the ranking using the Anderson-Peterson model for taxi stations for both views and finally the proposed method for obtaining the rankings of taxi stations, with simultaneous consideration of both views was presented. According to result the best and worst rank obtained respectively, with Pardis square station and Sabzeh Meydan station.