مجله دانشکده پزشکی اصفهان
پیاپی 652 (هفته چهارم بهمن 1400)

This study aimed to assess the effect of 8 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with curcumin supplementation on expression OF mitochondrial cardiomyocyte drp1 and MFN2 genes in male stroke model rats.

In this experimental study, 32 male rats were randomly divided into 4 groups of HIIT, supplement, control and supplement + training. The exercise group was exposed to HIIT for 8 weeks. Training program in the two groups of HIIT and training + supplementation included performing 10 periods of 4-minute activities with an intensity of 85%-90% VO2max, and at this time, the supplementary group did not have training program. The expression of mitochondrial drp1 and MFN2 genes was obtained by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Shapiro-Wilk tests.

The results of one-way ANOVA showed a significant difference between the means of all of the groups in expression of mitochondrial Drp1 and MFN2 genes. The results of Tukey test showed a significant decrease in Drp1 gene expression in both training and exercise + supplement groups compared to the supplement and control groups and a significant increase in MFN2 gene expression in both training and supplement + supplement groups compared to the supplement and control groups.

HIIT with curcumin supplementation can improve the function of the cardiomyocytes' mitochondria of male myocardial infarction rats by modulating fusion and fission processes.

Exercise is a suggested way to reduce inflammation and atrophy and control diabetes. Spirulina supplement also has anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with spirulina on changes in the expression of genes of inflammation and atrophy in the soleus muscle of obese elderly diabetic rats.

In this experimental study, 40 old male Wistar rats (20-month-old) with an average weight of 280-325 g became obese after purchase for 8 weeks on a high-fat diet, and then became diabetic by intraperitoneal injection of streptozocin (40 mg/kg). They were divided in 5 equal groups of HIIT, HIIT + supplement, supplement, sham and control. They did 5 sessions of activities on treadmill with an intensity of 90% VO2max per week for eight weeks to perform HIIT in training groups, and used spirulina consumption (50 mg/kg body weight) as supplementation on training days. Expression of genes were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). One-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the data.

Induction of diabetes significantly increased the expression of TWEAK, Fn14, and atrogin-1 genes in study groups compared to controls; but exercise and supplementation significantly reduced these variables more in exercise and supplementation groups compared to other groups. After training, body mass in HIIT, supplement, and HIIT + supplement groups decreased significantly compared to sham and control groups; and soleus muscle mass increased significantly only in HIIT and HIIT + supplement groups compared to control group.

According to the results of HIIT + supplementation, it is recommended as an effective method to reduce atrophy and improve muscle health in diabetic elderly.

In recent years, various studies have been conducted to investigate the role of influenza vaccine in reducing the risk of hospitalization and death in the elderly. However, the results of these studies are clearly contradictory. Accordingly, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between receiving the flu vaccine with the risk of hospitalization and mortality in the elderly.

This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trial studies published in databases (Web of science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Embase) between the years 1980 and 2020. All analyzes were performed by Stata14 statistical software, and the significance level in this study was considered as 0.05.

In the initial search, 283 articles were retrieved of which, considering the study criteria, finally 9 clinical trial studies were included in the meta-analysis. Based on the results of meta-analysis, the overall odds ratio (OR) of hospitalization for the elderly was equal to 0.65 (95% CI: 0.82 - 0.51; P <0.001); and the overall OR of death was equal to 0.95 (95% CI: 0.92 - 0.97; P <0.001). There was no publication bias in the study of the relationship between receiving the flu vaccine and hospitalization and mortality of the elderly.

Getting the flu vaccine in the elderly can reduce the risk of hospitalization by 35% and the risk of overall death by 5%. Therefore, it may be promising to receive this vaccine as a preventive intervention for elderly deaths and hospitalizations.