نشریه پژوهش های جغرافیای اجتماعی
پیاپی 5 (بهار 1392)

The purpose of this study is to investigate the Hype and identify its influential factors among PNU Students in Rasht branch. In this study the biological, psychological, and sociological approaches were used to illustrate the variables. The survey (quantified) and questionnaire were used as a method of research and data collection’s instrument, respectively. This is a study uses both descriptive and inferential statistics. By the same token, data were analyzed by SPSS software (version15). The sample size is 100 students from the University of PN, Rasht branch. In this research there is significant relationship among variables such as hype, family attachment, spending leisure time and decisive actions by anti-drug Organizations against drug dealers. The direction of this relationship is negative and its intensity is weak in Pearson correlation. Findings indicate that with the increase in the afore-mentioned independent variables the hype is reduced, and with decreasing the independent variables the hype is increased.

This paper aims to investigate the role of tourism in employment, discipline and security of Talesh and also aims to identify and introduce tourist attractions (natural, historical, religious and cultural) to attract tourists in order to develop more jobs and development of this city by using descriptive- analytical, library research, Field study( interview and observation). In this paper it has been tried to introduce pristine areas of tourism, and to investigate why Talesh is still far away from its real position in tourism industry, despite having many potentials. Talesh is one of the tourists – recreational city in the north west of Guilan. Having located between mountain, jungle and the sea, it has created tourism attractions in Talesh. The results of Field study has shown that, thanks to natural attractions, historical, cultural and religious attractions in summer 2011 around 400000 people have entered this city that 110000 people have been accommodated( Talesh Government Office).

This paper intends to investigate the social capital in Guilan based on the social damages. The theoretical framework of this study is based on Francis Fukuyama’s theoretical perspective. The method of the study is a secondary analysis and cross-sectional one. Results indicate that social capital in is relatively low, since social damages are high. Generally, social capital in Guilan is lower than the country (Iran).

As a social being, human being cannot live away from the social environment, but his social life requires compliance with the social rules that is the most important necessity of life in modern societies. When some people ignore rules and norms of society illegality comes into existence, but when a lot of people ignore rules of society, as a social issue, illegality threats the security and health of the society. It is caused by incompatibility between the individual and the social relations and weakens the solidarity and social cohesion and endangers the organizational unity of the society. In such circumstances, anomaly is dominant in that society. The need to comply with the law was propounded by a number of Iranian intellectuals a century ago, but Iran’s society suffers from the lack of institutionalized social law in the social structures. This problem-oriented study intends to investigate the impact of social factors of illegality in citizens of Rasht from the viewpoints of Police social experts. Having reviewed the literature review and the theoretical literature, the research questions were made. The method and instrument were survey and questionnaire, respectively. The participants were approximately 70 police social experts. After that, the data were collected and analyzed. The results reveal the impact of following social factors. The Friedman test results show it can be argued (with more than 99% confidence) that lack of commitment of family member(4.64), the lack of commitment of aberrant( incompetent) friends (3.97),inefficiency of rules and regulations(3.61), lack of awareness of illegality by citizens(2.77), fade the Obscenity and flagrancy of illegality(1.72) are respectively leveled from first to fifth rank.

The concept of the geography of crimes is the investigation of relationships of place and delinquency in the light of scientific method begun in the early of nineteenth century by using social ecological theory. Today, there are extensive branches and several theories in this realm. One of these theories is the theory of “Hot Spots of crime and criminal Careers of places” introduced by Sherman & Weberger in 1989 which is based on the place-related causes of crimes. According to this theory, Hot Spots of crime indicate a location with high rates of occurrence of crime. The range of this area varies from a part of a town, a small community or a few adjacent streets and even a home or residential complex. Based on the theory of Hot Spots of crime and referring to the theft occurred records in the city in 2013, the status of theft in the city of Rasht (Guilan province) has been dealt with in a descriptive-analytical study. A field study also was conducted to identify causes of the outbreak and identification of Hot Spots of crimes. Consequently, this study identified Hot Spots of crime of Rasht. Considering the radius of influence and disruption, crime polygon (circle, ellipse, etc.), was drawn and the boundaries and areas were determined. The findings reveal 3 crime-prone ellipse areas, a triangle area, a circle area and a pentagonal area. Among these crime-prone polygons, ellipse polygon of Solymandarab – Ma’lolin – Poursina had highest concentration and densities of theft while the triangle of Pachekenar-Dabbaqian - Sefidrood district had the lowest concentration and densities of theft in relation to other Hot Spots of crime in the city. Finally, there are some suggestions to reduce(relieve) the crime-prone factors of aforementioned areas which have boosted and assisted thieves such as supporting dwellers , scaring the local thieves, promoting the public security, and encouraging public reports and participation to maintain the security of the region.

This study was initiated to measure the effect of unemployment on youths of the society. From the literature, two important factors, social unrest (SU) and psychological distress (PD) were found as a result of unemployment. Both factors were measured by developing a questionnaire of SU and PD from the literature. The population comprised juveniles from higher education institutes of Peshawar. Data were collected from 2 public and 2 private higher education institutes of Peshawar, Pakistan. Respondents had either completed their studies or were about to complete their studies. Moreover, they were divided into two major groups of employed and unemployed. 200 questionnaires were distributed by one person, of which 177 were returned and used in the study. SPSS was used for data analysis. The status of employment was measured through a dichotomous scale, while SU and PD were measured through interval scale. The responses were measured by using independent sample t test. It was observed that unemployed juveniles face greater unrest and distress as compared to employed persons.