مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی جیرفت
سال هشتم شماره 4 (زمستان 1400)

Intrarenal oxidative stress plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of diabetic kidney disease. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the effect of oleuropein on the activity of antioxidant enzymes of kidney tissue and anti-inflammatory factors in diabetic induced Streptozotocin male rats.

In this study, 28 adult male, Wistar rats, with a weight range of 190±30 gr, were randomly divided into 4 equal groups (n=7): control group, diabetic animals, treatment group and oleuropein group. Diabetes were induced in rats by a single injection of 60 mg / kg streptozotocin. Rats in the oleuropein and treatment groups received oleuropein at a daily dose of 60 mg / kg by gastric gavage for 30 days. At the end of the treatment, serum concentration of blood glucose, urea, Creatinine, IL-1, IL-6 and kidney tissue antioxidant including superoxide dismutase (SOD) glutathione peroxidase (GPX) enzymes activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and Malondialdehyde level were measured.

The results revealed that serum level of blood glucose, urea, Creatinine, IL-1and IL-6 increased significantly in diabetic group compared with the control group (p˂0.001). In addition, TAC, SOD and GPX activity of kidney tissue increased and MDA level of kidney tissue decreased significantly in the treatment group compared with the diabetic group (p˂0.001).

The present study indicated that oral oleuropein can reduce blood glucose, oxidative stress and IL-1 and IL-6. These effects may be due to its ability in strengthening the antioxidant defense system.

The high prevalence of COVID-19 and the spread of misinformation about the prevention and treatment of the disease around the world, in addition to economic and health effects, have created a wave of stress and anxiety among people. The aim of this study was to determine the level of stress and anxiety in the early stages of COVID-19 in people in the southern region of Kerman.

The present study is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in April 2020 among 448 residents of southern Kerman province. Data collection tools included demographic questionnaire, standardized situational-characteristic anxiety questionnaire, and Cohen's perceived stress questionnaire. Data were analyzed using spss18 software

 A total of 448 residents with a mean age of 33.62±9.03 participated in this study. The mean score of stress among them was 26.07±7.64 and their mean score of anxiety was 102.88±5.44. Between mean stress score with gender (p=0.001), place of residence (p=0.002), level of education (p=0.03), job (p=0.009), income (p=0.001) and social support (P=0.001) and anxiety were significantly associated with the duration of quarantine at home (p=0.003) and job (p=0.01).

Considering the moderate level of stress and anxiety among residents of southern Kerman in the face of COVID-19, it seems that in the current situation, paying immediate attention to the mental health of rural residents and low-income people through education, counseling and personal protective equipment could be effective in preventing and controlling coronavirus

Obesity is one of the biggest barriers to health in today's society. Endothelial dysfunction is more common in obese people than in other people and cardiorespiratory fitness is also low in these people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of HIIT training with weight bearing, without weight bearing, and combined on the levels of ET-1, Nox, and cardiorespiratory fitness in obese population.

The present study was a semi-experimental study. 100 obese subjects (based on body mass index) who referred to Shariati Hospital in Tehran were randomly divided into four groups of High Intensity Interval training (HIIT), Treadmill (TR), Bicycle (CY), Combined (CO), and Control (CTR). The subjects in the training groups trained for 12 weeks. Blood samples and cardiovascular fitness tests of the subjects were measured in two rounds before and after the test. ELISA method was used to measure the levels of nitric oxide (NOx) and endothelin-1 (ET-1) and one-way and two-way methods were used to study the data changes.

The results of the present study indicated that after 12 weeks of training, the VO2peak in the training groups improved compared to the control group (p<0.001) and it increased in the HIIT-TR group more than the HIIT-CO group (p<0.01). In the TR group, the rate of NOx increase was higher than other exercise groups (p<0.01). It was also indicated that training decreased plasma levels of ET-1 in the TR and CO exercise groups, while ET-1 levels in the CY group did not differ significantly from the CTR group (p>0.05).

It is possible that HIIT training improves VO2peak (especially in the HIIT group with weight bearing and combination) and the duration of training and also raises the mean maximum heart rate by increasing the biochemical factors of vasodilation and reducing the factors of vasoconstriction in obese patient in the training groups compared to the control group.

Alcea rosea is on the list of medicinal plants with the potential for a serum lipid-lowering effect in patients with lipid disorder. Cadmium chloride causes lipid disorders. This study investigated the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Alcea rosea on serum lipid concentration disorders in male rats exposed to cadmium chloride

In this experimental study, 54 adult male Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups of 9. The control group, the sham group1 received 0.2 ml /kg distilled water as solvent. The sham group2 received 2 mg / kg cadmium chloride intraperitoneally for 21 days. Experimental groups 1, 2 and 3 respectively, received 2 mg / kg cadmium chloride intraperitoneally for 21 days and then 150, 300, and 450 mg / kg hydroalcoholic extracts of the aerial parts of Alcea rosea intraperitoneally for 30 days. Blood samples were taken from all animals at the end of the experiment to measure levels of HDL, LDL, total cholesterol and triglycerides. Data were analyzed through SPSS18 program, ANOVA and Tukey tests.

The mean serum concentrations of total cholesterol, triglyceride, and LDL cholesterol in all experimental groups compared to the sham group2 revealed a significant decrease. Mean serum HDL cholesterol concentration in experimental groups 3 also showed a significant increase compared to the sham group2 (p<0.05).

The hydroalcoholic extract of the aerial parts of Alcea rosea probably improves the lipid disorders caused by cadmium chloride in male rats.

One of the most important pandemic factors in recent years has been the Covid-19 virus, which according to the World Health Organization has increased the number of deaths worldwide. Due to the effect of Covid-19 virus on various organs of the body, one of the most important sites for destructive activity of this virus are kidneys and blood vessels.

In order to collect data, Databases Scholar, PubMed, Scopus and SID, Noor, Magiran were used. First, articles without time limit were selected and then, all articles from 1995 to 2021, with related keywords were searched and selected. In order to completely collect the articles related to the present review, the sources of the selected articles were also examined so that the data collection would reach saturation point.

Therefore, according to studies conducted in this field and also the increasing number of patients with hypertension, exposure this virus, can cause aggravating effects of the disease and increase the mortality rate in these people. Meanwhile, moderate-intensity exercise to control blood pressure has been also the focus of studies.

One of the most important ways to lower blood pressure is to do moderate-intensity physical activity., it was found that moderate-intensity exercise can improve immune function, which can improve blood pressure and reduce endothelial vascular damage during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Improving the effectiveness of hospital activities in order to improve the quality of services and performance is essential. One of the important tools in evaluating and improving quality is evaluating performance indicators and implementing an accreditation program in hospitals. This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the performance indicators of Shafa Academic Hospital in Kerman before and after the implementation of the accreditation plan during 11 years.

This research is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 1399. Data were collected on the indicators of average length of stay, bed turnover interval, bed occupancy rate, net mortality rate, and outpatient and hospitalization satisfaction. In order to analyze the data using SPSS 24, descriptive methods (mean and frequency) and paired t-test were used.

The results of this study showed a decrease in bed turnover interval (p<0.05), and an increase in bed occupancy rate (p<0.001) and patient satisfaction (p<0.001). Also, no statistically significant relationship was observed between the average length of stay (p>0.05) and the net mortality rate (p>0.05) with the implementation of accreditation program.

The health system has achieved some of its goals,  that is improving the key performance indicators of hospitals as a result of the implementation of the accreditation plan in Shafa Hospital in Kerman. The present results can help health system managers and policy makers to be more aware of the impact of the implementation of the accreditation program, its reform and improvement.

The second stage of labor is a sensitive period for the mother and the fetus. In different studies, various delivery techniques have been used to manage the second stage of labor. This study aimed to investigate the effect of management methods of the second stage of labor on the incidence of maternal and neonatal complications in nulliparous women.

This single-blind semi -experimental study was performed on 60 women with the required qualification for this research in Mobini Hospital in Sabzevar. Individuals were divided into two groups based on the mother's desire. In the active pushing group, at the onset of contractions, the mother breathes deeply and then holds the breath and pushes for ten seconds. On the other hand, in the Spontaneous pushing group, the mother does not actively try to push in the onset of contraction (unless the pressure and force is involuntarily created). Then, the mothers were taken to the delivery bed, after delivery, information about labor, delivery, perineal status, and infant information was recorded. Data were analyzed with SPSS software, t-tests, and chi-square.

In the Spontaneous pushing group, the rate of instrumental delivery, duration of the second stage of labor, perineal rupture, abnormal fetal heart rate at the second stage (p<0/05) were significantly less and the amount of healthy perineum (p<0.01) and delivery experience score (p<0.001) were higher.

The Spontaneous pushing method reduces the chances of fetal abnormal heart rate, instrumental delivery, perineal injury, and duration of the second stage of labor and increases labor satisfaction. Therefore, it is recommended that this method be used in the second stage of labor.