مجله دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شهید صدوقی یزد
سال سی‌ام شماره 1 (پیاپی 185، فروردین 1401)

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. These lesions are usually considered a hamartoma than a neoplasm. Unlike normal tooth morphology, tissue arrangement is irregular in these lesions. Odontoma has self-limiting and slow growth, and if left untreated, its size will not increase over time. Most of these lesions are clinically asymptomatic and are detected on routine radiographs prepared for other purposes. Odontomas usually are located pericoronally and cause tooth eruption disorders such as the lack of permanent teeth or retention of deciduous teeth. In some cases, an odontoma can cause swelling and expansion of the jaw. The purpose of the current report is presenting an unusual complex odontoma in a 10-year-old boy, which was closely related to the roots of tooth #30. Odontomas are usually located pericoronally and near the roots of adjacent teeth, separated by a septum of bone. There are a few reported cases such as the current case, with fusion to the tooth structure. There was slight intraoral swelling and tenderness in the affected region. Unlike most reported cases, tooth eruption disturbance was not observed. Extreme proximity of odontoma and the roots of tooth were detected in Cone-beam Computed Tomography examination. Separative bone septum and the sharp outline of the tooth roots did not detected. The lesion and the related tooth were removed by surgical treatment, and the patient was followed for 2 years.

Although exercise is an effective strategy for preventing and treating stroke, the extent of this effect seems to depend on when exercise begins. Apoptosis plays a critical role after stroke. However, it is unclear whether early exercise inhibits apoptosis after stroke? The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of early aerobic training after stroke induction on caspase-3 protein expression and apoptosis in the hippocampus of male Wistar rats.

In this experimental study, 32 adult male Wistar rats (weighting 210-252 gr) were purchased and randomly divided into four groups: sham, ischemia, training and ischemia+ training groups. Ischemia was induced by the occlusion of both common carotid arteries (CCA) for 45 min. Aerobic training was initiated at 24 hours after induction of ischemia, for eight weeks for 20-50 minutes and at a speed of 18-30 meters per minute in each session and five sessions per week. Forty eight hours after the last training session, rats were sacrificed, then using immunohistochemical staining technique of caspase-3 protein expression and the rate of cell apoptosis were measured by hematoxylin and eosinophil (H&E) staining method in hippocampus of rats.

The expression of caspase-3 protein and apoptosis in the hippocampus of rats in sham and training groups were significantly lower than in the ischemia and ischemia+ training groups (both; p<0.0001). Moreover, in the ischemia+ training group, the expression of caspase-3 protein and apoptosis showed a significant decrease compared to the ischemia group (p<0.0001).

Based on the results of this study, it can be said that eight weeks of early aerobic training can reduce the lesions induced-cerebral ischemia by reducing the expression of cell death-causing factors.

Systemic lupus erythematosus is an autoimmune progressive connective tissue disease characterized by multiple organ involvement and a highly variable clinical course. The aim of this study was to predict the health-related quality of life of women with lupus based on perceived stress, fear of perceptual body image and psychological resilience.

This descriptive-analytical study was performed on 189 women with lupus in Hafez Hospital in Shiraz in 2019. Data were collected through the quality of life questionnaire (LupusQol), perceived stress questionnaire (PSS-14), body image fear inventory (BICI), and Conners and Davidson Technology Questionnaire, and they were analyzed using SPSS version 16 software with descriptive statistics and linear regression.

The mean age and duration of the disease were 40.37±9.47 and 9.45±6.01 years, respectively. Based on the level of education, 43.79% of the patients were undergraduates, 86.8% were housewives and 57.7% were in the active phase of the disease. The mean score of resilience was 67.56±16.07, quality of life 57.30±22.68, stress 25.31±7.78 and fear of body image was 37.07±13.96. Stress, fear of body image, resilience, disease phase, education and occupation accounted for 52% of the total quality of life variability.

The quality of life of the women with lupus is affected by the variables such as stress, fear of body image and resilience. Thus, the higher the stress and fear of body image in women with lupus and the lower the rate of resilience, the lower the quality of life.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women and its treatment is associated with many side effects. Herbal medicine has fewer side effects than chemical drugs, so they are especially important in the treatment of many diseases. Rosemary plant has anti-cancer effects due to its antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Rosemary essential oil on BIM gene expression in MCF-7 cell line.

In this experimental study, to evaluate the cellular toxicity of rosemary essential oil, MCF-7 cells were exposed to different concentrations of essential oil for 24, 48 and 72 hours, and their survival was investigated using MTT assay. Then, MCF-7 cells were exposed to essential oil for 24 hours to determine the BIM gene expression using the Real Time PCR technique. Statistical analysis of data was performed using T-Student test and SPSS version 16 software.

The results of the MTT assay show that cell death is dose- and time-dependent. The effect of different amounts of essential oil on the survival rate of cancer cells was statistically significant (p˂0.05) and the lowest survival rate was 19% in 72 hours and with increasing essential oil concentration, cell death also increased. Real Time PCR results show a significant increase in BIM gene expression after essential oil treatment.

In conclusion, the results of this study demonstrate the cytotoxic effect of rosemary essential oil on breast cancer cells and it can increase the expression of BIM, an apoptotic gene and induce anticancer effects.

Among 3 to 30 percent of women of reproductive age, experience abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). Vaginal rings are one of the systems of interest for the local delivery of hormones that due to their polymeric structure allow prolonged release of drug. In this study, the design and fabrication of matrix vaginal rings containing levonorgestrel (LNG) were investigated.

In this experimental study, at first, two pieces of aluminum mold were designed, then base (A) and cross-linker parts (B) of polymer with LNG were mixed and 48 polymeric rings containing LNG were manufactured by injection molding method. To achieve the desired drug release values in a given time, the effect of temperature, rpm, release environment, different initial loading, cross-linker percentage and a mathematical model to predict release and swelling test were investigated.

 As a result of the experiments, it was revealed that with increasing drug loading, the release rate rises, while increasing the cross-linker percentage reduced the drug release. Finally, the ring A:B=100:9.5 with an initial loading of 0.2 % LNG relative to silicon was selected as an appropriate ring, and release experiments were performed at 37 °C, shaker speed of 80 rpm, and release medium containing 10 % ethanol. Drug release values were measured by spectrophotometer and analyzed by SPSS statistical software version 16.

Based on the results, it can be deduced that matrix vaginal ring containing LNG is a suitable drug delivery system for prolonged release of LNG for treatment of AUB that depending on the drug initial loading and cross-linker percentage, the required diffusion coefficient, and release rate can be achieved in a certain time.

Bifid mandibular canal is one of the types of mandibular canal. Considering that failure to identify the bifid mandibular canals can lead to various complications. In the present study, bifid mandibular canal was evaluated by CBCT (Cone beam Computed tomography) images in Rafsanjan City.

In this descriptive cross sectional study, all the patients who underwent CBCT at a private oral and maxillofacial radiology clinic in Rafsanjan City during the May 2019 until May 2021 were evaluated. The mandibular canal and its different types were evaluated by an experienced radiologist, using CBCT images in reconstructed coronal, sagittal and panoramic planes for each quadrant. The bifid mandibular canal was identified and its type was determined based on Naitoh classification. After collecting the data, they were entered into SPSS version 16. Descriptive statistical methods (mean, standard deviation and frequency) were used to evaluate the data.

In the present study, 815 CBCT radiographs were examined and 62 (7.6%) cases consisting of 29 men (7.2%) and 33 (8%) women had bifid mandibular canal. The results declared there was no significant difference between the prevalence of bifid mandibular canal between the two sexes (P = 0.647). In addition, the type of bifid canal, canal side and canal branch location were not significantly different between the two sexes.

The present study showed that the prevalence of Bifid mandibular canal in one sample of Iranian population is 7% and its identification before treatment can prevent further problems.

The aim of this study was to compare the results of recovery of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia through two surgical methods, including TURP (Transurethral resection of prostate) and modified open prostatectomy (OP) was performed.

In this clinical trial study, 100 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia who were referred to the Urology Clinic of Shahid Rahnemon Hospital from 1996 to 1997 were admitted to the study on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly assigned to one of the surgical groups using the modified OP or TURP approach. The results of the study in both groups were analyzed through SPSS 16 software. Due to the normal distribution of data, T-test and Chi-Square statistical tests were applied to analyze the data.

The mean age of the patients undergoing modified OP surgery and the TURP patients was 70.36 ± 8.35 and 69.39 ± 8.44 years, respectively. The maximum urinary flow (Qmax) was significantly higher in the modified OP group than in the TURP group (P <0.001). In addition, the mean duration of operation in the modified OP group was significantly lower than the TURP group (P = 0.001). The increase in obstructive and excitatory symptoms in the TURP group was statistically significant 6 months after surgery (P = 0.009 and P = 0.011, respectively).

While TURP is the standard therapy for patients with BPH‎, the findings of this study indicate that modified OP is a safer and more reliable procedure with fewer postoperative complications. It is recommended that modified OP be considered as a treatment for the patients with BPH

The main goal of radiation therapy is destroying the tumor so that the surrounded healthy tissues have received the least amount of radiation at the same time. In recent years, the use of nanoparticles has received much attention due to the increasing effects they can have on the deposited dose into the cancer cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of nanoparticles in improving radiotherapy conditions by Monte Carlo simulation.

In this study, the geometry that was considered as the tissue of the human body was designed by Monte Carlo simulation method and distributed nanoparticles such as gold, silver, platinum, etc. into the geometry. Then the source was placed in a coordinate of this geometry and by increasing the photons to this geometry, the Dose Enhancement Factor was calculated. The simulation was performed using MCNP Code.

The results showed that platinum nanoparticles have a better performance in increasing the dose rate than other nanoparticles so that for photons with energy of 40 kV, this increase was approximately 2.5 times, also increasing the dose was directly related to increasing the concentration of nanoparticles.

Considering the sufficient biocompatibility and the degree of penetration in the target, the use of nanoparticles in radiotherapy is one of the most promising methods to increase the dose delivered to the target. Given that the cell model and the results presented in this work lead to a better understanding of the effects of the distribution of platinum nanoparticles in increasing the dose, these calculations are valuable.